scholarly journals Zika virus detection in cerebrospinal fluid from two patients with encephalopathy, Martinique, February 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Rozé ◽  
Fatiha Najioullah ◽  
Aïssatou Signate ◽  
Kossivi Apetse ◽  
Yannick Brouste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

We report two cases of encephalopathy (one with seizures, one with electroencephalogram changes) in patients with Zika virus infection. The cases occurred on Martinique in February 2016, during the Zika virus outbreak. Awareness of the various neurological complications of Zika virus infection is needed for patients living in areas affected by Zika virus infections or for travellers to these areas.

The P-MAPA immunomodulator partially prevents apoptosis induced by Zika virus infection in THP-1 cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morganna C. Lima ◽  
Elisa A. N. Azevedo ◽  
Clarice N. L. de Morais ◽  
Larissa I. O. de Sousa ◽  
Bruno M. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Virus Replication ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

Background: Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus of global importance. ZIKV infection is associated with a range of neurological complications such as the Congenital Zika Syndrome and Guillain Barré Syndrome. Despite the magnitude of recent outbreaks, there is no specific therapy to prevent or to alleviate disease pathology. Objective: To investigate the role of P-MAPA immunomodulator in Zika-infected THP-1 cells. Methods: THP-1 cells were subjected at Zika virus infection (Multiplicity of Infection = 0.5) followed by treatment with P-MAPA for until 96 hours post-infection. After that, the cell death was analyzed by annexin+/ PI+ and caspase 3/ 7+ staining by flow cytometry. In addition, the virus replication and cell proliferation were accessed by RT-qPCR and Ki67 staining, respectively. Results: We demonstrate that P-MAPA in vitro treatment significantly reduces Zika virus-induced cell death and caspase-3/7 activation on THP-1 infected cells, albeit it has no role in virus replication and cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our study reveals that P-MAPA seems to be a satisfactory alternative to inhibits the effects of Zika virus infection in mammalian cells.

Neurological Complications of Congenital Zika Virus Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius de Melo Marques ◽  
Camilla Sousa Santos ◽  
Isabella Godinho Santiago ◽  
Solomar Martins Marques ◽  
Maria das Graças Nunes Brasil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Prenatal Zika Virus Infection and Congenital Zika Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enny S Paixao ◽  
Wei-Yee Leong ◽  
Laura C Rodrigues ◽  
Annelies Wilder-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Recall Bias ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Congenital Zika Syndrome

Abstract To investigate to what extent asymptomatic vs symptomatic prenatal Zika virus infections contribute to birth defects, we identified 3 prospective and 8 retrospective studies. The ratio varied greatly in the retrospective studies, most likely due to recruitment and recall bias. The prospective studies revealed a ratio of 1:1 for asymptomatic vs symptomatic maternal Zika infections resulting in adverse fetal outcomes.

Seroprevalence of Zika virus in selected regions in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 735-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bramuel Kisuya ◽  
Moses M Masika ◽  
Esto Bahizire ◽  
Julius O Oyugi
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The University

Abstract Background The Zika virus pandemic in South America in 2015–2016 and the association of Zika virus infection with neurological complications such as microcephaly in newborns distressed the global community. There is limited data on the prevalence of Zika virus in Kenya despite evidence of its circulation in East Africa. This study aimed at assessing the seroprevalence of Zika virus in selected areas in Kenya. Methods Healthy adult human sera originally collected from Nairobi, Eldoret and Kisumu from 2009 to 2014 and archived at the University of Nairobi laboratories were examined for Zika virus antibodies. An IgG-based ELISA was used to screen 577 sera. Any serum tested positive by ELISA was confirmed for Zika virus infection by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Results The seroprevalence of Zika virus in the study population was about 0.2 % (1/577) as confirmed by PRNT. Additionally, three sera that were false positive by ELISA for Zika virus were confirmed as positive for dengue virus by PRNT. Conclusion There was evidence of low previous exposure to Zika virus in the study population. Of the three regions in Kenya where sera for this study were obtained, only Kisumu County had one case of previous exposure to Zika virus.

scholarly journals Common findings on head computed tomography in neonates with confirmed congenital Zika syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natacha Calheiros de Lima Petribu ◽  
Andrezza Christine Vieira Fernandes ◽  
Marília de Brito Abath ◽  
Luziany Carvalho Araújo ◽  
Felipe Reis Silva de Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Head Computed Tomography

Abstract Objective: To describe head computed tomography (CT) findings in neonates with congenital Zika virus infection confirmed in cerebrospinal fluid. Materials and Methods: This was a study of 16 newborn infants who exhibited abnormal head CT findings during an outbreak of Zika virus infection. Those infants had the following features: brain imaging suggestive of congenital infection; brain calcifications and negative results on tests for other main infectious causes of primary microcephaly, namely toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, rubella, and HIV; positivity for Zika virus on IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cerebrospinal fluid. Results: Decreased brain volume was observed in 13 (81.2%) of the infants. All of the infants showed cortico-subcortical calcifications, mainly located in the frontal lobe. In 15 neonates (93.7%), ventriculomegaly was observed. Colpocephaly was a common finding, being observed in 10 patients (62.5%). A prominent occipital bone was identified in 9 patients (56.2%). Conclusion: Our study proves that Zika virus infection can cause congenital brain damage, with or without microcephaly. Some predominant head CT findings in neonates with congenital Zika virus infection, although not pathognomonic, are strongly suggestive of a pattern.

scholarly journals Zika virus infections in three travellers returning from South America and the Caribbean respectively, to Montpellier, France, December 2015 to January 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Thibault Maria ◽  
Marianne Maquart ◽  
Alain Makinson ◽  
Olivier Flusin ◽  
Michel Segondy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
South America ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
The Caribbean

We report three unrelated cases of Zika virus infection in patients returning from Martinique, Brazil and Colombia respectively, to Montpellier, France. They developed symptoms compatible with a mosquito-borne disease, and serological and molecular investigations indicated a recent Zika virus infection. Considering the recent warning for the likely teratogenicity of Zika virus and the presence of competent mosquito vectors in southern France, these cases highlight the need for awareness of physicians and laboratories in Europe.

scholarly journals A direct-acting antiviral drug abrogates viremia in Zika virus–infected rhesus macaques

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (547) ◽  
pp. eaau9135 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Yon Lim ◽  
Christa E. Osuna ◽  
Katharine Best ◽  
Ray Taylor ◽  
Elsa Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Antiviral Efficacy ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Dosing Strategies ◽  
Direct Acting

Zika virus infection in humans has been associated with serious reproductive and neurological complications. At present, no protective antiviral drug treatment is available. Here, we describe the testing and evaluation of the antiviral drug, galidesivir, against Zika virus infection in rhesus macaques. We conducted four preclinical studies in rhesus macaques to assess the safety, antiviral efficacy, and dosing strategies for galidesivir (BCX4430) against Zika virus infection. We treated 70 rhesus macaques infected by various routes with the Puerto Rico or Thai Zika virus isolates. We evaluated galidesivir administered as early as 90 min and as late as 72 hours after subcutaneous Zika virus infection and as late as 5 days after intravaginal infection. We evaluated the efficacy of a range of galidesivir doses with endpoints including Zika virus RNA in plasma, saliva, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. Galidesivir dosing in rhesus macaques was safe and offered postexposure protection against Zika virus infection. Galidesivir exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics with no observed teratogenic effects in rats or rabbits at any dose tested. The antiviral efficacy of galidesivir observed in the blood and central nervous system of infected animals warrants continued evaluation of this compound for the treatment of flaviviral infections.

scholarly journals Use of infectious disease surveillance reports to monitor the Zika virus epidemic in Latin America and the Caribbean from 2015 to 2017: strengths and deficiencies

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e042869
Author(s):  
Joan K Morris ◽  
Helen Dolk ◽  
Pablo Durán ◽  
Ieda Maria Orioli
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Infectious Disease Surveillance ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
The Caribbean

ObjectivesTo summarise the occurrence of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in Latin America and the Caribbean from 2015 to 2017 using two outcome measures derived from infectious disease surveillance reports and to assess the completeness of these reports.DesignSurveillance study.SettingPan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO epidemiology reports on confirmed and suspected Zika virus infection and cases of CZS.ParticipantsPopulations of 47 countries in the South and Central Americas, Mexico and the Caribbean.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe number of CZS cases per 1000 births (using 2016–2017 births as a denominator) and the number of CZS cases per 1000 births in women with Zika virus infection during pregnancy.ResultsBy 4 January 2018, 548623 suspected and 239063 confirmed Zika virus infections had been reported to PAHO/WHO from 47 countries. In 25 countries, over 80% of infections were reported as suspected. There were 3617 confirmed CZS cases in 25 countries; 2952 (82%) had occurred in Brazil. The number of CZS cases per 1000 births varied considerably with Brazil and several Caribbean island communities (Puerto Rico, St Martin, Martinique, Guadeloupe and Grenada) having the highest CZS prevalence above 0.5 per 1000 births. Analysing the number of CZS cases per 1000 births in women infected with Zika virus during their pregnancy highlighted the inaccuracies of the data, with Venezuela likely to have had severe under-reporting of CZS.ConclusionsExpressing data on CZS in relation to total births, rather than as absolute numbers, better illustrates the burden of disease, providing that under-reporting of CZS is not too severe. Data on infections in pregnant women enable potential under-reporting of CZS to be identified. Both measures are recommended for future PAHO/WHO publications. Evidence of severe under-reporting of Zika virus infections and CZS makes interpretation of the data and comparisons between countries challenging.

scholarly journals The Cardiovascular Involvement In The Zika Virus Infection

10.3823/2579 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modesto Leite Rolim Neto ◽  
Arthur Rafhael Amorim Alves Esmeraldo ◽  
Dábylla Cynthia Carvalho Bezerra ◽  
Francisca Patricia de Melo Santos Leite ◽  
Cristiano Nogueira Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement

The evidences highlight that 13.5% of the echocardiographic studies performed in children with congenital Zika virus infection presented amendments of congenital heart disease (CHD). Several recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of neurological complications of the Zika virus, as Guillain-Barre Syndrome, in relation to other clinical manifestations there are still no conclusive findings. Scientific studies have observed the possibility of cardiac involvement be underdiagnosed due to the mercy of the infection per ZIKV, in their majority.

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