scholarly journals THE INITIAL STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF ACADEMIC ROWING IN THE KATERINOSLAV REGION IN THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY: HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND TRADITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Baldzhy Ilona ◽  
Dolbysheva Nina ◽  
Salenko Galina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Culture ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Further Development

At present, in the conditions of decentralization, considerable attention is paid to the study of historical experience and traditions of development of physical culture and sports movement in the regions of Ukraine. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature shows that such studies allow not only to expand theoretical knowledge of the history of physical culture and sports in Ukraine, but also to identify priority sports in the development of programs for the development of physical culture and sports. The aim is to study the historical experience of the development of academic rowing as a sport in the Katerinoslav region in the late XIX – early XX centuries and identifying the main factors that contributed to its further development. Material and methods. During the analysis the analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, historical-logical, chronological, descriptive methods on the basis of studying of periodical, local lore literature, archival documents, photographic materials and other sources were used.

scholarly journals Developmental decisions in Aspergillus nidulans are modulated by Ras activity.

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 5333-5348 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Som ◽  
V S Kolaparthi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Concentration Threshold ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
Further Development

To better understand how Ras controls development of multicellular organisms, we have chosen Aspergillus nidulans as a model system. When grown on solid medium, this fungus follows a well-defined program of development, sequentially giving rise to several cell types which produce three distinct structures: vegetative hyphae, aerial hyphae, and the conidiophore structure. Here we describe a ras homolog found in this fungus (Aras) and demonstrate that it is an essential gene that regulates the ordered program of development. We created dominant alleles of this gene and expressed them to different levels in order to vary the ratio of GTP-bound (active) to GDP-bound (inactive) A-Ras protein. When the amount of active Ras is large, nuclear division proceeds, but further development is inhibited at the early step of germ tube formation. At an intermediate level of active Ras, aerial hypha formation is inhibited, while at a low level, conidiophore formation is inhibited. Maintenance of an even lower level of the active Ras is essential for initiation and progression of conidiophore formation, the final stage of development. When the level of active Ras is artificially lowered, each stage of development is initiated prematurely except germination, the initial stage of development. Therefore, the progression of the ordered developmental pathway of A. nidulans is dependent upon an initial high level of active Ras followed by its gradual decrease. We propose that several concentration threshold exist, each of which allows development to proceed to a certain point, producing the proper cell type while inhibiting further development.

scholarly journals Soviet repressions against the clergy and believers of the Dnepropetrovsk region in 1939–1942

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Oleh Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Further Development

The study is carried out in line with general problems of the history of state- church relations in the conditions of the Soviet totalitarian system. For a long time modern historiography did not pay proper attention to anti-religious politics in the USSR in 1939–1941, both at general and regional levels. Most scholars avoided themes related to repressive policy regarding worshipers in the years following the Great Terror, and some even noted the liberalization of the course of the Soviet leadership in the field of religion and church on the eve of the German-Soviet war, which began in June 1941. The purpose of the study is to highlight political repressions against the clergy and believers of various Christian denominations in Dnipropetrovsk region in 1939–1942. Research methods: problem-chronological, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, analysis, synthesis. The main results of the work. The process of preparation and further implementation of repressions of the clergy and active believers of various religious groups of Dnipropetrovsk region in 1939–1942 is highlighted. Dozens of convicted worshipers and “sectarians” are identified by name. Nature of accusations and peculiarities of imposed sentences are determined. The course of collective cases fabricated by the NKVD bodies against the Orthodox clergy is shown. Repressive measures of the authorities in the initial period of the German-Soviet war are analyzed. The continuity of the state anti-religious course and the use of terror until 1942 is proved. The originality of the work is in the use and analysis of numerous previously unknown archival documents which helped to disclose the formulated scientific problem. Practical value: despite the regional limitations of the study, the materials of the article are useful not only to local historians, but also to church historians for further development of the problems in the outlined chronological framework. Type of article: analytical.

scholarly journals TO THE HISTORY OF THE TRANSLATION OF CHRISTIAN TEXTS INTO THE UDMURT LANGUAGE IN THE GLAZOV СOUNTY OF THE VYATKA GOVERNORATE IN 1803

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-115
Author(s):  
Andrey Alekseevich Turanov
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Unknown Manuscript

The article deals with the history of the first translations of Christian religious texts and prayers into the Udmurt language in Glazovsky Uyezd of Vyatka Governorate. Involvement in the study of archival documents from the funds of the Vyatka spiritual Consistory and Glazovsky spiritual Board allowed the author to describe in detail - chronologically accurately and thoroughly - the process of creating translations, to identify the authors of the translation of specific texts. In particular, it was established that at the initial stage there were no volunteers among the clergy of Glazovsky uyezd willing to engage in the compilation of translations. The spiritual Board turned to coercive measures and itself appointed translators from among the clergy who knew the Udmurt language, ordering them to appear for translation in Glazov. The first translation was performed jointly by priests N. Nevostruev, Z. Krotov, S. Anisimov and A. Babaylov ahead of events - even before receiving the list of texts assigned for translation. After receiving the list, the translation of the missing texts was carried out by the same persons individually, but only one of the translators sent his translation to the Glazov Board in time. In early July, translations from Glazov were sent to Vyatka. In the ecclesiastical Consistory the translations were checked and rewritten. As a result, the Synod was presented with a translation composed of two parts, one of which was performed by 4 priests together, and the other-alone by A. Babaylov. The study of the circumstances of the creation of the translation allowed to give answers to questions that remained unexplained for more than a hundred years, and to reveal new, previously unknown facts, including the previously unknown manuscript of the translation by N. Nevostruev and Z. Krotov.

scholarly journals Doctrinal basis of the Soviet law science —epistemological and praxeological dimensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Evgeni A. Apolski ◽  
Andrei Yu. Mordovtsev ◽  
Aleksei Yu. Mamychev
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Of Law ◽  
Further Development

The article considers the Soviet dissertation theoretical and legal doctrines as a scientific category with a set of specific features. The author draws attention to the fact that the massive layer of legal theoretical knowledge known as Soviet jurisprudence and the legal teachings reflecting the evolution of Soviet law are insufficiently studied in ontological and epistemological terms. In specific, the role, place, and significance of Soviet dissertation legal theoretical teachings are lacking in the literature. Moreover, the Marxist methodology of legal knowledge, which should be used in modern educational and scientific space, lacks clear assessment. The author analyzes the most important thesis on the theory of law, which reflect the ontological and methodological foundations of the Soviet law and legal theory presented in the theses. This article lays the basis and the vector of further development of Soviet jurisprudence. These dissertation doctrines are analyzed to further use them in the scientific research of laws and trends in the development of Soviet legal thought. The results of these analyses are crucial for the history of political and legal doctrines, general theory of law, and philosophy of law and can be used in other areas of legal (including industry) science, considering their interdisciplinary heuristic potential.

scholarly journals Applied knowledge in the humanities (based on the manuscript of N.I.Kareev “General methodology of the humanities”)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Evgeniya A. Dolgova ◽  
◽  
Alexey V. Malinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Factual Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
General Methodology ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Applied Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The purpose of the article is to introduce a fragment of an unpublished monograph by sociologist and historian Nikolay I.Kareev titled “General methodology of the humanities” (1922). The book was published only in fragments and needs further updating in terms of its significance for the history of Russian sociology. In the publication of archival documents and accompanying annotations, a fragment of the final seventh chapter “Normative and Applied Knowledge in the Humanities” is analyzed. In this text, the scholar turned to the complex theoretical issues of defining the role, function and correlation of fundamental and applied sciences. The text analyzes N.I.Kareev’s classification — the division of scientific knowledge into theoretical, normative and applied. By carefully examining applied knowledge, he revealed it in two aspects — vulgar and pragmatic utilitarianism. Regarding the first, he concluded that the absolutization of the utilitarian point of view is dangerous for science itself, since it makes the development of science dependent on particular goals, including party interests, and subordinates science to the changing circumstances of the moment. On the other hand, theoretical knowledge can also have value as the most reliable basis for any practical discipline. The importance of applied knowledge is due to the fact that true (factual) knowledge about society can only be obtained by inductive means, i. e., in order to cognize social reality, applied sciences must precede theoretical ones. The meaning of applied knowledge is that it, unlike theoretical knowledge, is aimed at transforming nature or society.

The Formation of Pastoral Theology as an Academic Discipline on the Example of Moscow Theological Academy (1814-1869)

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-201
Author(s):  
Андрей Владимирович Дружинин
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Pastoral Theology ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Theological School ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Цель статьи - проследить начальный этап развития одной из наиболее дискуссионных областей богословских наук - пастырского богословия - в учебном курсе духовных академий первой половины XIX в. на примере московской духовной академии. согласно уставу духовных училищ, академии должны были готовить преподавателей по семинарскому курсу пастырского богословия. однако на практике в течение действия устава 1814 г. преподавание и развитие данной дисциплины было сопряжено с рядом коллизий, зависящих как от внешних обстоятельств, так и от специфики концептуализации идеи пастырской подготовки. в историографии данный период развития пастырского богословия освещён скудно и тенденциозно. мнение об отсутствии оригинальной пасторологической мысли в данный период складывается без учёта архивных источников, что является упущением. в связи с этим в докладе предлагается взгляд на генезис и содержание пастырского богословия на основании проработки материалов московской духовной академии из архивных учреждений москвы, датированных периодом с 1816 по 1869 г. результаты исследования позволяют судить о значении пастырского богословия в дореволюционной духовной школе. The following article is devoted to the history of one of the most debatable areas of theological sciences - pastoral theology. The report attempts to trace the initial stage of development of this discipline in the course of theological academies (1st half of the 19th century) on the example of Moscow Theological Academy. During the validity of the Charter of 1814, the teaching and development of pastoral theology was associated with a number of collisions, depending both on external circumstances and on the conceptualization of understanding the pastor in the spiritual and educational environment. In this regard, the article offers a look at the genesis and content of pastoral theology based on the elaboration of archival materials from Moscow Theological Academy from the archival institutions of Moscow dated 1816-1869. The results of the study make it possible to judge the significance of pastoral theology in the prerevolutionary theological school.

Developmental decisions in Aspergillus nidulans are modulated by Ras activity

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 5333-5348
Author(s):  
T Som ◽  
V S Kolaparthi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Concentration Threshold ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
Further Development

To better understand how Ras controls development of multicellular organisms, we have chosen Aspergillus nidulans as a model system. When grown on solid medium, this fungus follows a well-defined program of development, sequentially giving rise to several cell types which produce three distinct structures: vegetative hyphae, aerial hyphae, and the conidiophore structure. Here we describe a ras homolog found in this fungus (Aras) and demonstrate that it is an essential gene that regulates the ordered program of development. We created dominant alleles of this gene and expressed them to different levels in order to vary the ratio of GTP-bound (active) to GDP-bound (inactive) A-Ras protein. When the amount of active Ras is large, nuclear division proceeds, but further development is inhibited at the early step of germ tube formation. At an intermediate level of active Ras, aerial hypha formation is inhibited, while at a low level, conidiophore formation is inhibited. Maintenance of an even lower level of the active Ras is essential for initiation and progression of conidiophore formation, the final stage of development. When the level of active Ras is artificially lowered, each stage of development is initiated prematurely except germination, the initial stage of development. Therefore, the progression of the ordered developmental pathway of A. nidulans is dependent upon an initial high level of active Ras followed by its gradual decrease. We propose that several concentration threshold exist, each of which allows development to proceed to a certain point, producing the proper cell type while inhibiting further development.

Problematics of Family and Pre-School Education at the Initial Stage of the Russian Pedagogical Psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Инесса Усольцева ◽  
Inessa Usol'ceva
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Education ◽  
School Education ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The article presents the results of the historical reconstruction of the problems of family and pre-school education at the initial stage of the formation of the Russian pedagogical psychology. Appealing to the historical experience in the field of family and preschool education, in the author’s opinion, makes it possible to make better use of the accumulated scientific potential in modern socio-cultural conditions. In accordance with the author’s ideas, the history of the Russian pedagogical psychology in the pre-revolutionary period is considered as an interdisciplinary field of knowledge, which was determined by the interaction between psychology and pedagogy.

scholarly journals The New Edition on the History of the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-225
Author(s):  
Rimma U. Elizarova ◽  
Rushaniya K. Yunusova
Keyword(s):  
Public Library ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
National Library ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The article presents characteristics of the book “Milestones in the History of the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan” [1], dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the National Library of Tatarstan, founded in 1865 as public library of Kazan. The book consisting of two volumes includes archival documents, articles from the periodicals, documents of Kazan City Duma, and annual reports. These documents reveal the initial stage of formation and development of the Kazan municipal public library - 1837-1915, beginning from the idea of opening the city public library and its implementation in life, up to formation of the library, determination of its place in cultural, scientific, educational life of society. The scientific reference apparatus of the book consists of the author index, historical and chronological indexes, bibliography, references, and notes.

scholarly journals Implication of mating on oocyte development in red cotton bug, Dysdercus koenigii (Fabricius, 1775) (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-348
Author(s):  
Kamal Kumar Gupta ◽  
Sunil Kayesth ◽  
Mohd Shazad ◽  
Shailendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Adult Development ◽  
Oocyte Development ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Dysdercus Koenigii ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Old Females

Abstract The ovaries of Dysdercus koenigii are consisted of meroistic telotrophic ovarioles. Each ovariole can be differentiated into tropharium and vitellarium. The tropharium contains stem line oogonia, newly formed oocytes, trophocytes, prefollicular cells and follicular cells. The vitellarium possesses 10-12 developing oocytes. The developing oocytes are connected to the trophocytes, present in the tropharium, by nutritive cords. During premating period, the ovarioles change, resulting in increase the number of oocytes in the vitellarium. The developing oocytes in the initial stage of development are surrounded by columnar follicular cells, which are subsequently changed to cuboidal and squamous cells in a sequence. The process of vitellogenesis was initiated after 48 h of adult development with the appearance of perioocytic space. There was deposition of yolk material at the periphery of oocytes in the ovarioles of 72 h old females. The further development of oocytes and vitellogenesis remained suspended up to 12-14 days in the virgin females. On the other hand, mating stimulates the oocyte development and process of vitellogenesis. There were distinct morphometric and histological changes in the ovarioles as a consequence of mating; dimensions of vitellarium and oocytes of the mated female increased drastically. However, the size of tropharium and number of oocytes present in the vitellarium largely remained unchanged. The process of vitellogenesis also resumed followed by mating stimulus. Therefore, the oocytes were laden with yolk material; at this stage, the surrounded follicular layer is replaced by chorion.

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