scholarly journals Mobile Phones and Children: An Australian Perspective

10.28945/3252 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjala Weerakkody
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Technological Adoption ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Mixed Blessing ◽  
Realist View

Mobile phones in Australia record one of the world’s highest rates of ownership among children under 18. This paper examines issues of mobile phones and Australian children and the various discourses (systematic frames) used in discussing their effects. These are the optimistic (gains); pessimistic (losses, costs or harms); pluralistic (technology per se is neutral but how it is used matters); historical development (importance and skills learnt); futuristic predictions (promises and dangers); current uses (connectivity, convergence and interactivity); and techno-realist view (as a mixed blessing). Taking the Justification View of Technology that sees technological adoption as a gamble and borrowing from Joshua Meyrowitz, it examines how mobile phones have eroded parental power over how, when, where and with whom their children communicate, while at the same time, becoming a ‘digital leash’ for parents to re-establish their control and an ‘umbilical cord’ of children to remain connected with parents at all times.

scholarly journals Housing Discourse: Historical development, epistemological gap and sociological modeling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efa Tadesse Debele
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Grand Theory ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Housing Issue ◽  
Housing Research ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Disciplinary Background ◽  
Epistemological Framework

<p>Housing issue is essentially major social issue. Even though housing is vital for individual life and social life, the attention given to its theorization and epistemological framework is neglected. Different disciplines and scholars from different disciplinary background have been carrying out housing study. The misplacement of housing study and social relegation of housing per se triggered this theoretical review of housing discourses. Housing study needs to have self-governing epistemological ground and housing research should be framed with its grand theories. Housing is a key social need that strongholds the foundational essence of social fabric. So far housing studies did not understand housing discourses as a central sociological agenda. Isolation of housing issue from major sociological concerns misplaced housing study thereby affected epistemological and methodological advancement of housing knowledge. Therefore, housing study call for grand theory that potentially governs all aspects of housing issues. Housing is a social phenomenon which can be expressed in terms of processes, behaviors, development and structures. Housing problems are attributed to different social dynamics and structural challenges which enforce households to behave in different ways to cope with the problems. These issues are basically sociological concerns which enable us to scaffold housing study with sociological theories. </p>

scholarly journals Serum silicon concentrations in pregnant women and newborn babies

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2004-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravin Jugdaohsingh ◽  
Simon H. C. Anderson ◽  
Lorin Lakasing ◽  
Supannee Sripanyakorn ◽  
Sarah Ratcliffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Forearm Vein ◽  
Rule Out

Earlier studies in animals have suggested an essential role for Si in connective tissues, but such works have not been replicated per se. Nonetheless, a study conducted in 2000 has reported that Si may be essential during pregnancy for the growing fetus, since serum Si concentrations in infants were approximately 300 % higher than those in older children and adults and serum Si concentrations in pregnant women were approximately 300 % lower than those in age-matched non-pregnant controls. To reproduce these potentially important findings, in the present study, serum Si concentrations were measured in fourteen pregnant women (15–24 weeks of gestation) and compared with those of seventeen non-pregnant, non-lactating female controls. Serum Si concentrations were also measured in fourteen full-term mothers at the time of delivery and in the umbilical cord (UC) vein and artery where possible. Fasting serum Si concentrations in pregnant women were not significantly different from those of the female controls and showed little change with advancing gestation (r 0·2). Mean serum Si concentrations in the UC vein samples were 52 % higher, while those in the UC artery samples were 235 % higher than those in the maternal forearm vein samples, although data were widely spread and differences were not significant. Mean maternal forearm vein Si concentrations at delivery were 50 % lower than those of pregnant women and female controls, but, again, these were not significant. Overall, we note that there are significant analytical challenges in comparing baseline Si levels between different groups; notwithstanding, our findings cannot confirm a reduction in fasting serum Si levels during pregnancy, but, equally, we cannot rule out higher serum Si levels in newborns than in their mothers, and further work is required.

scholarly journals Neuroenhancement, Coercion, and Neo-Luddism

2020 ◽  
pp. 375-405
Author(s):  
Alexandre Erler
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Negative Side Effects

This chapter addresses the claim that, as new types of neurointervention get developed allowing us to enhance various aspects of our mental functioning, we should work to prevent the use of such interventions from ever becoming the “new normal,” that is, a practice expected—even if not directly required—by employers. The author’s response to that claim is that, unlike compulsion or most cases of direct coercion, indirect coercion to use such neurointerventions is, per se, no more problematic than the pressure people all find themselves under to use modern technological devices like computers or mobile phones. Few people seem to believe that special protections should be introduced to protect contemporary Neo-Luddites from such pressures. That being said, the author acknowledges that separate factors, when present, can indeed render indirect coercion to enhance problematic. The factors in question include lack of safety, fostering adaptation to oppressive circumstances, and having negative side effects that go beyond health. Nonetheless, the chapter stresses that these factors do not seem to be necessary correlates of neuroenhancement.

Designing for the Task: Sometimes 2-D is Just Plane Better

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (21) ◽  
pp. 3-407-3-410
Author(s):  
Mark John ◽  
Harvey S. Smallman ◽  
Michael B. Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Command And Control ◽  
Military Command ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Mixed Blessing ◽  
And Control

There is a great military command and control need for better depiction of 3-D environments. Standard 2-D depictions can lead to inattention to altitude, especially for relative novices, and are generally inadequate. In a series of experiments we found that tasks requiring understanding the shapes of objects or terrain layout are much better performed using 3-D views, however tasks requiring precise judgments about the relative positions of objects or terrain locations were much better performed using 2-D views. We propose an interface concept called “Orient and Operate” for designing command and control displays. Users orient to the layout of a scene using a 3-D view, but then switch to 2-D views to interact or operate on it. In related work, we have found that 3-D icons are a mixed blessing: they are poor for identification, yet they code other attributes clearly (e.g. attitude), but this benefit is unrelated to 3-D depiction, per se.

scholarly journals The Consumer Policy in the Eu Law / Spotrebiteľská Politika V Práve Eú

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarmila Lazíková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
Consumer Policy ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Consumer protection is a dominant policy of the EU. Despite this fact, the article 169 of the Treaty on Functioning of the European Union does not enable to adopt the binding legal laws on consumer protection per se. The binding legal laws could be adopted only within the context of other politics and activities on the internal market of the EU. The paper addresses the consumer policy and its status in the EU law by the historical development and legal analysis of the article 169 of the Treaty, secondary law development of consumer protection, jurisprudence, and judicature of the Court of the Justice of the EU.

scholarly journals Kalām in the crossfire: A historical survey of the legitimacy of the study of theology within the Sunni school of Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiseh F. Moghaddas ◽  
Sayyid M. Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Present Form ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Islamic Faith ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article is to briefly introduce and to examine the views of the founders of the four Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence (namely, Abū Hanīfa Nuʻmān ibn Thābit, Mālik ibn Anas, Muhammad ibn Idrīs al-Shāfʻī, and Ahmad ibn Hanbal) and that of their renowned students and followers, regarding the legitimacy of engaging in the study of Islamic doctrinal beliefs or Kalām. Different, and often conflicting, views have been postulated on this matter. Some Sunni thinkers have condemned the pursuit of theology as an act of heresy and denounced its practitioners as apostates. Other Sunni thinkers have extolled this discipline as the noblest of sciences whose learning and teaching are, at least under certain circumstances, incumbent. This fundamental dispute regarding the legitimacy of the discipline of theology has resulted in a rather contentious and opaque scholarly environment. In addition to the inherent importance of the discipline of theology as such, the significance of this dispute is compounded by the impact that the attitude one adopts toward this discipline can have on the development of the intellectual and rational aspects of Islam. A negative attitude toward theology, for example, can hamper the application of rational elements to Islamic doctrine. Our focus in this article is on analysing the views of the leading thinkers and jurists of the Sunni school and investigating the most authoritative sources of doctrinal tradition within this major denomination of Islam. Our study leads us to conclude that the disapproving views of the preeminent Sunni figures should be construed, not as a denunciation of the discipline of theology per se, but as a refutation of certain theological principles and persuasions that are viewed as incompatible with orthodox Islamic faith. In addition to and preceding that conclusion, this article provides a survey of the literature concerning the views of Muslim scholars on the legitimacy of Kalām. After categorising these views into the two opposite camps of Kalam’s legitimacy and illegitimacy, the article then proceeds to evaluate and critically analyse them, and to resolve some of their initial incompatibilities.Contribution: The article sheds new light on the historical development of the discipline of theology within the Sunni schools of Islam. This is a little-studied and often overlooked subject that can help in attaining a better understanding of how this critical field within religious studies has emerged into its present form.

scholarly journals Housing Discourse: Historical development, epistemological gap and sociological modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efa Tadesse Debele ◽  
Taye Negussie
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Grand Theory ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Housing Issue ◽  
Housing Research ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Disciplinary Background ◽  
Epistemological Framework

<p>Housing issue is essentially major social issue. Even though housing is vital for individual life and social life, the attention given to its theorization and epistemological framework is neglected. Different disciplines and scholars from different disciplinary background have been carrying out housing study. The misplacement of housing study and social relegation of housing per se triggered this theoretical review of housing discourses. Housing study needs to have self-governing epistemological ground and housing research should be framed with its grand theories. Housing is a key social need that strongholds the foundational essence of social fabric. So far housing studies did not understand housing discourses as a central sociological agenda. Isolation of housing issue from major sociological concerns misplaced housing study thereby affected epistemological and methodological advancement of housing knowledge. Therefore, housing study call for grand theory that potentially governs all aspects of housing issues. Housing is a social phenomenon which can be expressed in terms of processes, behaviors, development and structures. Housing problems are attributed to different social dynamics and structural challenges which enforce households to behave in different ways to cope with the problems. These issues are basically sociological concerns which enable us to scaffold housing study with sociological theories. </p>

scholarly journals Housing Discourse: Historical development, epistemological gap and sociological modeling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efa Tadesse Debele
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Grand Theory ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Housing Issue ◽  
Housing Research ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Disciplinary Background ◽  
Epistemological Framework

<p>Housing issue is essentially major social issue. Even though housing is vital for individual life and social life, the attention given to its theorization and epistemological framework is neglected. Different disciplines and scholars from different disciplinary background have been carrying out housing study. The misplacement of housing study and social relegation of housing per se triggered this theoretical review of housing discourses. Housing study needs to have self-governing epistemological ground and housing research should be framed with its grand theories. Housing is a key social need that strongholds the foundational essence of social fabric. So far housing studies did not understand housing discourses as a central sociological agenda. Isolation of housing issue from major sociological concerns misplaced housing study thereby affected epistemological and methodological advancement of housing knowledge. Therefore, housing study call for grand theory that potentially governs all aspects of housing issues. Housing is a social phenomenon which can be expressed in terms of processes, behaviors, development and structures. Housing problems are attributed to different social dynamics and structural challenges which enforce households to behave in different ways to cope with the problems. These issues are basically sociological concerns which enable us to scaffold housing study with sociological theories. </p>

scholarly journals Body of Text

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Umar F. Moghul
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Per Se

This book is perhaps the first study in English devoted to the development and rationale of ritual purity laws. The author, Marion Holmes Katz, a pro­fessor at Mount Holyoke College, chooses not to write from the traditional Muslim or Islamic jurisprudential perspectives. Though this does not invalidate an argument per se, it certainly renders her premises troublesome from a traditional Islamic legal perspective. Katz's attempt to formulate an alternative interpretive methodology, however, fails due to internal inconsistencies in her argument as well as the prevalence of poor and often speculative reasoning.  Body of Text is divided into four chapters, an introduction, and a con­clusion. The introduction begins with a discussion of Islamic law's com­prehensive nature, noting that it even addresses washing after relieving one­self. Most interestingly, she points out similarities among various religions in matters of ritual purity, but unfortunately assumes that this necessarily is proof of simple borrowing. The author excludes the possibility that these religious rules had a common source. Katz proceeds to reconstruct Islamic law's methodological and historical development and sets out her approach to its sources. However, while asserting that relying on ahadith is inappro­ priate, she nevertheless employs ahadith as well as various athar ( deeds and precedents of the Companions) to reach several conclusions. Given that she effectively rejects the Hadith literature, as understood by Muslim jurists and Hadith scholars, the work as a whole is rendered unpersuasive ...

Ultrastructure of the Omphalomesenteric Duct Rest in the Umbilical Cord at Term

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
B. A. Clark ◽  
T. Okagaki
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Columnar Epithelium ◽  
Omphalomesenteric Duct ◽  
Umbilical Arteries

Vestiges of the omphalomesenteric or vitello-intestinal duct and the pathologic implications attributed to these remnants have been treated in great detail by several investigators. Persistence of the omphalomesenteric duct is associated with such conditions as Meckel's diverticulum, umbilical fistula, mucosal polyps, and sinuses or cysts of the umbilicus. Remnants of the duct in the umbilical cord, although infrequent, are located outside of the triangle formed by the two umbilical arteries and the umbilical vein, are usually discontinuous and are often represented by a small lumen lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium. This study will examine the ultrastructure of these cells.

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