scholarly journals Calidad microbiológica del agua potable utilizada en escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Tepatitlán, Jalisco

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Laura Elena Iñiguez-Muñoz ◽  
Luis Miguel Anaya-Esparza ◽  
Aldo Antonio Castañeda-Villanueva ◽  
Fernando Martínez-Esquivias ◽  
Melissa Carvajal-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
La Red ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad microbiológica del agua en las escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México (3 de kinder, 15 de primaria y 4 de secundaria) mediante la cuantificación de cloro libre, bacterias coliformes totales (OCT) y fecales (OCF); además de la búsqueda cualitativa de Enterobacterias. En general, el 9% de las escuelas verificadas cumple con los criterios establecidos por la Normatividad Oficial Mexicana para cloro libre (0.2 a 1.5 mg/L), mientras que en el 59 % de las muestras sobrepasa los límites recomendables y en el 32 % no se detectó. En lo referente al contenido de OCT y OCF, estas bacterias se detectaron en muestras de agua provenientes de escuelas (K1 y S3) que no contenían cloro al llegar desde la red municipal, pero también en especímenes (P7, P8 y P15) que contenían cloro residual en exceso; de esto se concluye que la contaminación puede ser de origen y/o deberse a que los depósitos de almacenamiento están sucios. Por su parte, es importante destacar que en el 13.6 % de las muestras se identificó a la bacteria Escherichia coli; además, se aislaron cepas de Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella spp y Pseudomona spp. La presencia de bacterias patógenas en agua potable de instituciones educativas indica que ésta puede ser un vector de enfermedades, por lo que se recomienda que se lleven a cabo mantenimientos preventivos de limpieza en cisternas y tinacos, así como monitoreos frecuentes de la calidad microbiológica del agua.  

scholarly journals Characterization of the 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene aac(6')-Im [corrected] associated with a sulI-type integron.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hannecart-Pokorni ◽  
F Depuydt ◽  
L de wit ◽  
E van Bossuyt ◽  
J Content ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Insert Region ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The amikacin resistance gene aac(6')-Im [corrected] from Citrobacter freundii Cf155 encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase was characterized. The gene was identified as a coding sequence of 521 bp located down-stream from the 5' conserved segment of an integron. The sequence of this aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene corresponded to a protein of 173 amino acids which possessed 64.2% identity in a 165-amino-acid overlap with the aac(6')-Ia gene product (F.C. Tenover, D. Filpula, K.L. Phillips, and J. J. Plorde, J. Bacteriol. 170:471-473, 1988). By using PCR, the aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene could be detected in 8 of 86 gram-negative clinical isolates from two Belgian hospitals, including isolates of Citrobacter, Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia coli. PCR mapping of the aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene environment in these isolates indicated that the gene was located within a sulI-type integron; the insert region is 1,700 bases long and includes two genes cassettes, the second being ant (3")-Ib.

scholarly journals Use of Microdilution Panels with and without β-Lactamase Inhibitors as a Phenotypic Test for β-Lactamase Production among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp.,Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter freundii, andSerratia marcescens

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1393-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Thomson ◽  
Christine C. Sanders ◽  
Ellen Smith Moland
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Convenient Approach ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Maximum Separation

ABSTRACT Over the past decade, a number of new β-lactamases have appeared in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceaethat, unlike their predecessors, do not confer β-lactam resistance that is readily detected in routine antibiotic susceptibility tests. Because optimal methodologies are needed to detect these important new β-lactamases, a study was designed to evaluate the ability of a panel of various β-lactam antibiotics tested alone and in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors to discriminate between the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases, AmpC β-lactamases, high levels of K1 β-lactamase, and other β-lactamases in 141 isolates of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca,Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes,Citrobacter freundii, and Serratia marcescens possessing well-characterized β-lactamases. The microdilution panels studied contained aztreonam, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone, with and without 1, 2, and 4 μg of clavulanate per ml or 8 μg of sulbactam per ml and cefoxitin and cefotetan with and without 8 μg of sulbactam per ml. The results indicated that a minimum panel of five tests would provide maximum separation of extended-spectrum β-lactamase high AmpC, high K1, and other β-lactamase production in Enterobacteriaceae. These included cefpodoxime, cefpodoxime plus 4 μg of clavulanate per ml, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and ceftriaxone plus 8 μg of sulbactam per ml. Ceftriaxone plus 2 μg of clavulanate per ml could be substituted for cefpodoxime plus 4 μg of clavulanate per ml without altering the accuracy of the tests. This study indicated that tests with key β-lactam drugs, alone and in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors, could provide a convenient approach to the detection of a variety of β-lactamases in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Calidad microbiológica de los sistemas de agua de consumo humano municipio de Colcapirhua

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Juan Jose Camacho Camata ◽  
Max Linder Escobar Hinojosa ◽  
Ramiro Angulo Torres ◽  
Joseana Rocha ◽  
Luis Fernando Rojas Terrazas
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
La Red

Introducción: El resultado del consumo de agua insalubre son las enfermedades gastrointestinales, el agua de pozos es la principal fuente de abastecimiento y puede tener contaminación bacteriana. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad microbiológica de los sistemas agua de consumo humano en el municipio de Colcapirhua. Métodos: De julio a octubre del 2018 se realizaron análisis de 109 sistemas de agua, tomando muestras, una en boca de pozo y otra a 100 metros en la red de distribución domiciliaria según la norma boliviana NB 496. Resultados: Mostraron en boca de pozo 42 (38.5%) sin contaminación microbiológica, 60 (55.0%) presentan bacterias coliformes totales y 7 (6.4%) no coliformes “Pseudomona aeroginosa”, entre coliformes totales encontrados están; Escherichia coli 36 (33,2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 10 (9,2%), Klebsiella ozaenae 6 (5,5%), Klebsiella oxytoca 1 (0,9%), Enterobacter cloacae 6 (31,2%) y Citrobacter freundii 2 (1,8%). Los análisis en la red de distribución domiciliaria mostraron; 51 (46.8%) sin contaminación microbiológica, 51 (46.8%) presentan bacterias Coliformes totales y 7 (6.4%) bacterias no coliformes “Pseudomona aeroginosa”, entre los coliformes totales encontrados están; Escherichia coli 34 (31.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae7 (6.4%), Klebsiella ozaenae 6 (5,5%), Klebsiella oxytoca 1 (0,9%), Enterobacter cloacae 4 (3.7%) y Citrobacter freundii 1 (0.9%). Discusión. El agua para consumo humano no debe contener coliformes totales y fecales por norma NB 512 los resultados de la carga microbiana que presentaron las muestras de pozo en el municipio de Colcapirhua, reflejan una calidad microbiológica deficiente que pone en riesgo a la población, por lo que es necesario llevar a cabo un proceso de filtración o desinfección. Conflictos de InteresesLos autores declaramos no tener conflictos de interés para el presente estudio.

scholarly journals Pyelonephritis in Pediatric Uropathic Patients: Differences from Community-Acquired Ones and Therapeutic Protocol Considerations. A 10-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Giovanni Parente ◽  
Tommaso Gargano ◽  
Stefania Pavia ◽  
Chiara Cordola ◽  
Marzia Vastano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Pyelonephritis (PN) represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, especially in uropathic patients. The aim of the study is to demonstrate differences between PNs of uropathic patients and PNs acquired in community in terms of uropathogens involved and antibiotic sensitivity; moreover, to identify a proper empiric therapeutic strategy. A retrospective study was conducted on antibiograms on urine cultures from PNs in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) patients admitted to pediatric surgery department and from PNs in not VUR patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit between 2010 and 2020. We recorded 58 PNs in 33 patients affected by VUR and 112 PNs in the not VUR group. The mean age of not VUR patients at the PN episode was 1.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 20 days of life–3 years), and almost all the urine cultures, 111 (99.1%), isolated Gram-negative bacteria and rarely, 1 (0.9%), Gram-positive bacteria. The Gram-negative uropathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (97%), Proteus mirabilis (2%), and Klebsiella spp. (1%). The only Gram-positive bacteria isolated was an Enterococcus faecalis. As regards the antibiograms, 96% of not VUR PNs responded to beta-lactams, 99% to aminoglycosides, and 80% to sulfonamides. For the VUR group, mean age was 3.0 years ± 3.0 years (range: 9 days of life–11 years) and mean number of episodes per patient was 2.0 ± 1.0 (range: 1–5); 83% of PNs were by Gram-negatives bacteria vs. 17% by Gram-positive: the most important Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%), Escherichia coli (27%), and Klebsiella spp. (12%), while Enterococcus spp. determined 90% of Gram-positive UTIs. Regimen ampicillin/ceftazidime (success rate: 72.0%) was compared to ampicillin/amikacin (success rate of 83.0%): no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.09). The pathogens of PNs in uropathic patients are different from those of community-acquired PNs, and clinicians should be aware of their peculiar antibiotic susceptibility. An empiric therapy based on the association ampicillin + ceftazidime is therefore suggested.

scholarly journals Wide geographic spread of diverse acquired AmpC  -lactamases among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in the UK and Ireland

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Woodford ◽  
S. Reddy ◽  
E. J. Fagan ◽  
R. L. R. Hill ◽  
K. L. Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

scholarly journals Perfil dos microrganismos isolados no trato urinário após sondagem vesical em cirurgia ginecológica

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Sônia Cristina Hinrichsen ◽  
Melania Maria Ramos Amorim ◽  
Alex Sandro Rolland Souza ◽  
Aurélio Costa ◽  
Maria Gabriela M.L. Hinrichsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
De Medicina

OBJETIVOS: determinar os microrganismosfreqüentemente encontrados nas uroculturas apóssondagem vesical e o perfil de sensibilidade aos antibióticos em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica eletiva. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica com sondagem vesical, no Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, de janeiro a maio de 2007. As uroculturas foram coletadas em dois períodos: até 24h da retirada do cateter e após sete/10 dias. RESULTADOS: amostras de urina foram colhidas em 249 mulheres. Encontrouse 23,6% (n=46) de uroculturas positivas com até 24h da retirada da sonda e 11,1% (n=25) com sete/10 dias após sondagem vesical. Não foi observada diferença significativa em relação aos microrganismos, quando se compararamas duas uroculturas. A Klebsiella spp. foi o principal microrganismo em ambas uroculturas (até 24h=47,8% vs sete/10 dias=44,0%; p=0,76), seguido de Escherichia coli e outros Gram-negativos. Os antibióticos amicacina, cefepima, ciprofloxacina, meropenem e ticarcilina-clavulanato foram os que apresentaram sensibilidade igual ou superior a 75%para os principais microrganismos isolados. CONCLUSÕES: Klebsiella spp. foi o microrganismo mais encontrado nas uroculturas após sondagem vesical em cirurgias ginecológicas e o antibiótico com sensibilidade igual ou maior a 95% com via de administração oral foi a ciprofloxacina.

scholarly journals Estudo etiológico da infecção do trato urinário em cães

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Mery Kogika ◽  
Vera Assunta Batistini Fortunato ◽  
Elsa Masae Mamizuka ◽  
Mitika Kuribayashi Hagiwara ◽  
Maria de Fatima Borges Pavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
Cocker Spaniel

Foram estudados 51 casos de infecção urinária, em cães, considerando-se diversos fatores, tais como: agente etiológico, localização da infecção, fatores predisponentes, sexo, idade e raça. O diagnóstico da infecção do trato urinário (ITU) foi baseado no exame bacteriológico, sendo considerado positivo quando a amostra de urina, colhida com auxílio de cateter, apresentava acima de 105 bactérias/ml. Dos animais examinados, quatro cães apresentaram infecção mista, totalizando 55 microorganismos isolados. Escherichia coli foi a mais freqüentemente isolada (35,3%), seguida de Staphylococcus sp (23,5%), Proteus mirabilis (15,7%), Streptococcus sp (13,7%), Klebsiella sp (9,8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3,9%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.0%), Citrobacter freundii (2.0%) e Providencia rettgeri (2,0%). Quanto à sensibilidade dos germes isolados frente a diversos agentes antimicrobianos, a norfloxacina e a gentamicina mostraram-se eficazes no tratamento de microorganismos Gram-negativos, enquanto a cefalotina e a nitrofurantoina foram mais eficazes contra bactérias Gram-positivas. Os animais que apresentaram maior frequência de ITU pertenciam às raças Cocker Spaniel e Pastor Alemão, envolvendo mais machos do que fêmeas com predominância de pielonefrites. Embora as infecções urinárias tivessem sido observadas em todas as idades, houve um predomínio nos cães de média idade. Observou-se ainda que a urolitíase foi um fator pré-disponente ou adjacente de ITU, envolvendo germes como Staphylococcus sp. e Proteus mirabilis naqueles casos com pH urinário alcalino.

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