scholarly journals Antigypsyism as Symbolic and Epistemic Violence in Informative Journalism in Spain, 2010–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-25
Author(s):  
Ismael Cortés Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Free Speech ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Epistemic Violence ◽  
Biased Language

This study conducts a framing analysis of how Spanish journalism represents “Gypsy identity” within the markers of dangerousness and criminality (in the period from 2010 to 2018). The paper aims to validate the following underpinning hypothesis: as symbolic and epistemic violence, antigypsyism legitimizes systemicracial discrimination and exclusion against Roma in Spain. The article is organized into five sections. First, an analytical framework introduces the notions of “antigypsyism,” “structural discrimination,” “social fear,” “symbolic violence,” “epistemic violence,” and “framing analysis.” Second, a case study is presented on a sample of 150 national news reports that portray Romani characters in a biased way. Third, this analysis informs an ethical and legal debate that challenges the limits of free speech and the uses of discriminatory and biased language in informative narratives. The fourth section examines and provides conclusions regarding thecorrelation between structural discrimination against Roma and the role of media in engendering the stigma of the “Gypsy threat.” Finally, the article includes a series of recommendations that could be used to counteract racism in news narratives.

scholarly journals ‘Volunteering is like any other business’: Civic participation and social media

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 2186-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kaun ◽  
Julie Uldam
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Technological Affordances ◽  
Shed Light

The increased influx of refugees in 2015 has led to challenges in transition and destination countries such as Germany, Sweden and Denmark. Volunteer-led initiatives providing urgent relief played a crucial role in meeting the needs of arriving refugees. The work of the volunteers in central stations and transition shelters was mainly organised with the help of Facebook, in terms of both inward and outward communications. This article examines the role of social media for civic participation drawing on Swedish volunteer initiatives that emerged in the context of the migration crisis in 2015 as a case study. Theoretically, this article provides an analytical framework, including power relations, technological affordances, practices and discourses, which helps shed light on the interrelation between social media and civic participation.

scholarly journals Unravelling the role of green entrepreneurs in urban sustainability transitions: A case study of China’s Solar City

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 2901-2917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yu ◽  
David Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Sustainability Transitions ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Institutional Contexts

This paper aims to understand the role of green entrepreneurs in urban sustainability transitions. We propose an analytical framework combining transition approaches and green entrepreneurship from a relational lens. It includes four processes: emergence of green entrepreneurs, multi-scalar interest coordination, empowering through anchoring, and struggling with the regime at the urban scale. This framework is illustrated through an empirical analysis of the role of green entrepreneurs in the development of the solar water heater industry in China’s Solar City. The analysis unravels how the local institutional contexts and multi-scalar relations empowered local green entrepreneurs to become system builders for urban transitions.

Social Winners and Losers: A Case Study of Press Construction

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Andrea Shoebridge
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Fundamental Mechanism

The role of mass media in framing public discourse about gendered life courses is a fundamental mechanism for reinforcing patriarchal culture. Women who do not comply with the marriage and maternity mandate are subject to the type of personalised reaction experienced by Australia's first female prime minister that triggered renewed public debate about misogyny in social organisation. Using case study methodology and framing analysis, I examined a feature published in the national broadsheet about marriage trends that made patriarchy's preferred model explicit. The communication practices used in the feature are discussed in terms of ‘truth’, and how they might reflect and confirm the attitudes and beliefs of the newspaper's readership.

Preventing Another Korean War: A Case Study of Crisis Management from the Perspective of Readiness Theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Amira Schiff
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Third Party ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This study explores the relevance of readiness theory’s analytical framework in illuminating the fundamentals that contribute to the de-escalation process in international crises. By applying this analytical framework to the U.S.-North Korea crisis management episode of 2017–2018, this study elucidates the interplay of elements that led to the winding down of the intense crisis and to the parties’ agreement to formally embark on negotiations at the end of the Singapore Summit in June 2018. The study shows how the multiple variables underlying the movements in conflict transformation, as outlined by readiness theory, can help to explain the effect of bilateral strategies applied by the U.S. and North Korea and the role of third-party involvement by South Korea and China in managing the crisis.

scholarly journals Społeczna konstrukcja wiarygodności cudzoziemca w procedurze uchodźczej

Adeptus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Michalak
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seeker ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
International Protection ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociocultural Differences

The Social Construction of Credibility: A Foreigner in the International Protection ProcedureThis article is devoted to symbolic violence occurring in the international protection procedure. The study focuses on the stages of the procedure in which the asylum-seeker is granted a chance to speak for themselves, and yet is unable to represent their case effectively due to sociocultural differences. As a result, even if their life situation qualifies them for refugee status, migration offices and courts are likely to issue a negative decision. Cases in which the failure to represent oneself results from sociocultural differences are described in the article as instances of symbolic violence. Following Dell Hymes and Katrijn Maryns, I stress the role of language-related inequality. I also employ Harold Garfinkel’s concept of degradation ceremonies in order to describe the ritual aspect of language use in statements of grounds for refusal of applications for international protection. The article is based on empirical research including a case study of an asylum-seeker family who applied for protection in Poland in the 2010s, participant observation in a free legal support centre run by a Warsaw-based NGO, and qualitative interviews with activists supporting refugees as their representatives and legal advisors. Społeczna konstrukcja wiarygodności cudzoziemca w procedurze uchodźczejPrzedmiotem artykułu jest przemoc symboliczna w postępowaniach uchodźczych. Skupiam się na etapach procedury, w których migranci przymusowi – mimo, że zgodnie z prawem udziela im się głosu – nie są w stanie skutecznie reprezentować swojej sprawy z powodu różnicy kulturowej. Nawet więc jeśli ich życiowa sytuacja uzasadnia przyznanie im statusu uchodźcy, urzędy i sądy mogą negatywnie rozpatrzyć ich sprawę. Przypadki, w których nieskuteczność w reprezentowaniu własnej sprawy wynika z różnicy społeczno-kulturowej, opisuję w kategoriach przemocy symbolicznej. Za Dellem Hymesem i Katrijn Maryns podkreślam zwłaszcza rolę nierówności językowych. Odwołuję się również do Harolda Garfinkela koncepcji ceremonii degradacji, aby opisać rytualny aspekt uzasadniania decyzji odmownych w języku urzędowym. Artykuł opiera się na badaniach empirycznych obejmujących: studium przypadku postępowania uchodźczego rodziny ubiegającej się o ochronę w Polsce w drugiej dekadzie XXI w. (analiza decyzji urzędowych i sądowych), obserwację uczestniczącą w punkcie bezpłatnej pomocy prawnej prowadzonym przez organizację pozarządową, a także wywiady jakościowe z aktywistami występującymi w roli pełnomocników w procedurach uchodźczych i udzielających porad prawnych.

Periodical codes and translation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şehnaz Tahir Gürçağlar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Periodical Studies ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Way

Abstract This article discusses the relevance of periodical codes, an analytical framework that has been developing in the nascent field of periodical studies, for translation research. It explores how using periodical codes as heuristic tools can be instrumental in shedding light on the role of translation in the making of a magazine’s common habitus in a historical context. It presents a case study on the Turkish literary and cultural magazine Varlık, which began publication in 1933 and is still in existence. It offers a quantitative and qualitative analysis on the position of translation in the magazine, highlighting the way it contributed to the creation of particular forms of internal and external dialogics. Special emphasis is placed on compositional and social codes of Varlık and the way translation has been instrumental in shaping both.

International Law and Human Rights: Diverging and Converging Histories

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean H. Quataert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
International Law ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Non Linear

AbstractThis article explores ways to think about the historical intersections of international law and human rights visions and principles in a global context. It catalogues an intertwining of new historiographies, notably the recent convergence of research interests of historians and international lawyers that draws attention to non-linear analyses; the role of social movements in understanding developments in the law; and the importance of historical contexts for interpretation. It sketches one promising analytical framework to assess the dynamic interconnections of international law and human rights from the mid-nineteenth century through the formal creation of the human rights system under U.N. auspices between 1945 and 1949. It concludes with a case study of gender tensions in more recent human rights global politics to provide historically-specific examples of the new possibilities of bringing historical interpretations to the study of international law and human rights.

scholarly journals ANALISA PROSES KOMUNIKASI ATAS NORMALISASI KONSEP PANOPTICON DALAM ORGANISASI BHAYANGKARI

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Phopy Harjanti Bulandari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Normative Role ◽  
The Way

This article discusses the panopticon mechanism happened in Bhayangkari – an organization of wives of police in Indonesia. By using case study, this article focuses to see the system and the role of mode of communication that done by members of Bhayangkari. Theory of symbolic violence applied to explain how women were controlled and were became the victim of the panopticon in this organization. This research found that women in Bhayangkari proud to be controlled and pressed under the normative role of the organization with patriarchal culture. It is reflected in the way they wear dress, how they conduct vertical communication, as well as how they express themselves in social media. Furthermore, those particular behaviors were done in order to gain prestige and pride of Bhayangkari woman. Finally, this research concluded that Bhayangkari women did not realize that the practice of panopticon mechanism happened in their organization. They did not aware that patriarchy culture has controlled them and defined them as the victim of symbolic violence.

scholarly journals Real-time quantification of the transmission advantage associated with a single mutation in pathogen genomes: a case study on the D614G substitution of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Zhao ◽  
Jingzhi Lou ◽  
Lirong Cao ◽  
Hong Zheng ◽  
Marc K. C. Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Single Mutation ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
Reproduction Numbers ◽  
Population Scale ◽  
Time Basis

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious threats to global health, and the emerging mutation in SARS-CoV-2 genomes, e.g., the D614G substitution, is one of the major challenges of disease control. Characterizing the role of the mutation activities is of importance to understand how the evolution of pathogen shapes the epidemiological outcomes at population scale. Methods We developed a statistical framework to reconstruct variant-specific reproduction numbers and estimate transmission advantage associated with the mutation activities marked by single substitution empirically. Using likelihood-based approach, the model is exemplified with the COVID-19 surveillance data from January 1 to June 30, 2020 in California, USA. We explore the potential of this framework to generate early warning signals for detecting transmission advantage on a real-time basis. Results The modelling framework in this study links together the mutation activity at molecular scale and COVID-19 transmissibility at population scale. We find a significant transmission advantage of COVID-19 associated with the D614G substitution, which increases the infectivity by 54% (95%CI: 36, 72). For the early alarming potentials, the analytical framework is demonstrated to detect this transmission advantage, before the mutation reaches dominance, on a real-time basis. Conclusions We reported an evidence of transmission advantage associated with D614G substitution, and highlighted the real-time estimating potentials of modelling framework.

They Are All Armed and Dangerous!

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Vaes ◽  
Marcella Latrofa ◽  
Caterina Suitner ◽  
Luciano Arcuri
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
News Article ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Biased Language ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract. The present research aims to verify the presence of linguistic biases in crime news reports (Study 1) and their role (Study 2) in activating a crime stereotype toward racial/ethnic minorities. In a first content analysis study, the natural occurrence of a set of linguistic biases was analyzed in Italian news articles that described comparable crimes committed by an in- or an outgroup aggressor. Results indicated that when the crime was committed by an outgroup (vs. ingroup) member, more aggravating and less attenuating adjectives were used. Moreover, the nationality of the perpetrator was not only mentioned more frequently, it also appeared in most cases as a noun. In Study 2, participants read a fictitious news article that either described an in- or outgroup criminal act with neutral or biased language. Their implicit associations between in- and outgroup members and weapons (vs. tools) were measured immediately afterward in the weapon paradigm. Results confirmed that a biased (vs. neutral) language use increased participants’ crime-related associations with the outgroup in general only when an outgroup criminal was staged. The role of media portrayals in determining the cognitive representations of racial/ethnic minorities is discussed.

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