scholarly journals SDG Indicator 6.4.2: Level of water stress (2012)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Freshwater Resources ◽  
Water Collection ◽  
Water Withdrawals

Ratio between total freshwater withdrawn by all economic activities (based on ISIC categories) and total renewable freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements (also known as water withdrawal intensity). This indicator includes water withdrawals by all economic activities, focusing on agriculture, manufacturing, electricity, and water collection, treatment and supply. SDGs Stress

Pan-European freshwater resources in a changing environment: how will the Black Sea region develop?

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Flörke ◽  
I. Bärlund ◽  
C. Schneider ◽  
E. Kynast
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Water Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Freshwater Resources ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Water Withdrawals

Climate change and socio-economic driving forces will affect Europe's future freshwater resources. A large-scale water model is used to analyse these effects and to identify ‘hot spots’ of water stress in the Black Sea region, as an example of an area where future water demand is expected to exceed the available water resources. Two scenarios are analysed, describing different developments of water withdrawals. Depending on the scenario, water stress increases or decreases due to changing water withdrawals which are identified as the principal cause of additional water stress in the future. According to the ‘economic-oriented’ pathway, water withdrawals are expected to increase by 58%. In Turkey and Bulgaria where water is already scarce, a further decrease in water availability will exacerbate the situation. By contrast, the ‘quality of life oriented’ scenario, assuming raised awareness to save water, results in a reduction of water withdrawals by approximately 59%. The situation of decreasing availability and increasing demand leads to growing competition between users and may finally end in cross-sectoral conflicts. This type of modelling study helps to prepare and foresee which kind of management options (in which sectors especially, and where) would be required to reduce ecological, economic and social consequences.

Environmental Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Carvalho-Resende
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Natural Flow Regime ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Transboundary River Basins ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Water Uses

The Environmental Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins indicator focuses on the water quantity aspect and considers hydrological alterations from monthly dynamics of the natural flow regime due to anthropogenic water uses and dam operations. For more information, visit: http://twap-rivers.org/ Basin Stress Surface water Transboundary

A global gridded monthly water withdrawal dataset for multiple sectors from 2015 to 2100 at 0.5° resolution under a range of socioeconomic and climate scenarios

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarrar Khan ◽  
Neal Graham ◽  
Chris Vernon ◽  
Thomas Wild ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Climatic Variation ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Water Withdrawals

<p>Future sector-specific water withdrawals at a temporal resolution capable of representing patterns in seasonality and a commonly used spatial resolution are an important factor to consider for energy, water, land and environmental research.  Projected water withdrawals that are harmonized with assumptions for alternate futures that capture socioeconomic and climatic variation are critical for many modeling studies on future global and regional dynamics. Here we generate a novel global gridded water withdrawals dataset by coupling the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) with a land use spatial downscaling model (Demeter), a global hydrologic framework (Xanthos) and a water withdrawal downscaling model (Tethys) for the five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenarios. The dataset provides sectoral monthly data at 0.5° resolution for years 2015 to 2100. The presented dataset will be useful for both global and regional analysis looking at the impacts of socioeconomic, climate and technological futures as well as in characterizing the uncertainties associated with these impacts.</p>

Method Development for Including Environmental Water Requirement in the Water Stress Index

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1585-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pariyapat Nilsalab ◽  
Shabbir H. Gheewala ◽  
Stephan Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Water Stress Index

An Impossible Prescription: Why Science Cannot Determine Environmental Water Requirements for a Healthy Murray-Darling Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Capon ◽  
Timothy R. Capon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Ecological Objectives ◽  
Ecological Science

The concept of environmental water requirements (EWRs) is central to Australia’s present approach to water reform. Current decision-making regarding environmental water relies strongly on the notion that EWRs necessary to meet targets associated with ecological objectives for asset sites can be scientifically defined, thus enabling the ecological outcomes of alternative water management scenarios to be evaluated in a relatively straightforward fashion in relation to these flow thresholds or targets. We argue, however, that the ecological objectives and targets currently underpinning the development of EWRs in the Murray-Darling Basin are insufficient to permit the identification of exact water requirements or flow thresholds. Because of the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of the Murray-Darling Basin and the myriad ways in which it is valued by people, we also assert that it is unlikely that adequate ecological objectives and targets from which to determine EWRs could ever be formulated. We suggest that the current emphasis on the concept of EWRs in environmental water planning conflates science and values, perpetuating a “how much is enough?” myth whereby the significance of the social, cultural and political dimension in environmental decision-making is diminished. We support an alternative paradigm in which the contribution of ecological science to water policy and management decisions focuses on understanding ecological responses of water-dependent ecosystems and their biota to alternative management scenarios and linking these responses to the ecosystem services and human values which they support.

scholarly journals Eco-environmental water requirements in Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland based on multi-source remote sensing data

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-346
Author(s):  
Qian Cheng ◽  
Lin fei Zhou ◽  
Tie liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Ecological Water Requirement ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Wetland Resources

Abstract With rapid economic development and expansion of urban boundaries, increasingly damaged wetland resources have seriously threatened the ecosystem. The study of eco-environmental requirements of wetlands is not only the basis of water resources allocation in development and utilization, but also for creating a sustainable system to maintain and improve the overall ecosystem. In this study, we used the Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland as our study area. The breakdown of wetland cover types was extracted based on multi-source remote sensing data, providing the graphic database for ecological water requirement calculation. According to the characteristics of the Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland ecosystem, the methods of quantifying the components of ecological water requirements were determined. The results showed that the optimum ecological water requirement of the total wetland was 239 million m3. The minimum, 75th percentile frequency, and 95th percentile frequency water requirements were 670 million m3, 921 million m3, and 1,078 million m3, respectively.

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