scholarly journals Pembentukan Pupuk Struvite dari Limbah Cair Industri Tempe dengan Proses Aerasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Luluk Edahwati ◽  
Sutiyono ◽  
Rizqi Rendri Anggriawan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
White Crystal ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Aeration Process ◽  
Further Development

ABSTRACT Struvite, also known as magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, is a white crystal with a chemical formula magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). Because of its phosphate content, struvite can be utilized as a fertilizer. Tempeh industrial effluent contains a high concentration of PO4, making it a possible struvite fertilizer producing material. The formation of struvite fertilizer is carried out by the aeration process. This process is able to increase the pH and homogeneity of the solution. The solution of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate (MAP) is prepared by reacting tempeh industrial wasterwater, Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2), and Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH). The MAP ratios used are 1:1:1 and 3:1:1. The temperature was set at 30 °C and pH 9, the airflow rate was carried out at a rate of 0.25 - 1.25 liters per minute. Struvite crystals were analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The best struvite fertilizer content is magnesium by 40.3% and phosphorus by 43.9% at an air flow rate of 1.25 liters per minute and a ratio of 3:1:1. Further development can be done by applying struvite fertilizers to plants.  Keywords: aeration, crystallization, tempeh industrial wastewater, struvite   ABSTRAK Struvite adalah kristal putih yang secara kimiawi dikenal sebagai magnesium amonium fosfat heksahidrat (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). Struvite dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk karena kandungan fosfat (PO4) di dalamnya. Limbah cair industri tempe memiliki kandungan PO4 yang cukup tinggi, menjadikan limbah cair industri tempe adalah bahan pembentuk pupuk struvite yang potensial. Pembentukan pupuk struvite dilakukan dengan proses aerasi. Proses ini mampu meningkatkan pH dan homogenitas dari larutan. Larutan MAP (Magnesium Amonium Fosfat) dibuat dengan cara mereaksikan limbah cair industri tempe, Magnesium Klorida (MgCl2), dan Amonium Hidroksida (NH4OH). Rasio MAP yang digunakan adalah 1:1:1 dan 3:1:1. Temperatur ditetapkan sebesar 30°C dan pH 9, laju alir udara dilakukan dengan laju 0,25 - 1,25 liter per menit. Kristal struvite dianalisis menggunakan Floresensi sinar-X (XRF) dan Mikroskop Pemindai Elektron (SEM). Kandungan pupuk struvite terbaik adalah magnesium sebesar 40,3% dan fosfor sebesar 43,9% pada konsentrasi 3:1:1 dan laju alir udara 1,25 liter per menit. Pengembangan lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan dengan mengaplikasikan pupuk struvite ke tanaman. Kata Kunci: aerasi, kristalisasi, limbah cair industri tempe, struvite

Effect of chloride concentration on nitrogen removal from landfill leachate in sequencing batch reactor after MAP pretreatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1574-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chen ◽  
S. He ◽  
Q. Yi ◽  
M. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium

Leachate generated from landfill is becoming a great environmental challenge to China as it contains high concentration of COD, ammonium and some other substances. Nitrogen removal through the conventional nitrification-denitrification process is hampered by the low C/N ratio especially for the old age landfill sites and the high energy consumption for aeration. In this study, the combination of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation and Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was suggested as a new process for the treatment of high strength ammonium, and the effect of high concentration of Cl− after MAP precipitation because of the use of MgCl2 was investigated on SBR performance. The practical upper limit of Cl− for nitrification was found to be 12,000 mg/L, above which resulted in significant accumulation of ammonium in SBR system. It is suggested that an ammonium removal of 70% was suitable for the MAP treatment to achieve a balance between increasing the C/N ratio and avoiding detrimental effect from high concentration of Cl− in the succeeding SBR system. DGGE analysis indicated that high diversity of Ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) could be maintained at a Cl− concentration of 12,000 mg/L.

scholarly journals Tofu Factory Liquid Waste for Making Struvite with Canted Vertical Reactors

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Sutiyono ◽  
Luluk edahwati ◽  
Kartika Pratiwi ◽  
Achmad Fanani
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
White Crystal ◽  
Phosphate Content ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium

Struvite is a white crystal, chemically known as magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). Tofu factory liquid waste is waste that can be reused because of its content. Tofu factory liquid waste can potentially pollute the environment. This research aimsto analyze the manufacture of struvite by utilizing the phosphate content contained in the liquid waste of tofu factories using vertical canted column reactors which can reduce environmental pollution due to liquid waste of tofu factories. This study uses a vertical canted column reactors by mixing anequimolar 1: 1: 1 MgCl2: NH4OH: H3PO4 solution. Struvite crystallization process operates at a temperature variation of 30°C,35°C,40°C,45.50°Cand a pH of 8, 9,10,11,12 by maintaining the air rate of 0.5 liters minute-1 and a MAP (Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate)flow of 56 ml minutes-1 as a whole. The crystallization process runs until a steady state conditionis reached. Then, the struvite crystals obtained were filtered and dried at room temperature for 24 hours. After that struvite crystals were analyzed using XRF, XRD, and SEM. The results of the study obtained the best phosphate conversion of 24.935% at 30°C  and pH 8.

scholarly journals A Giant Ureteral Stone without Underlying Anatomic or Metabolic Abnormalities: A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selcuk Sarikaya ◽  
Berkan Resorlu ◽  
Ekrem Ozyuvali ◽  
Omer Faruk Bozkurt ◽  
Ural Oguz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ureteral Stone ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Intravenous Urography ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Distal Ureter ◽  
Double J Stent ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Left Flank Pain ◽  
Plain Abdominal Film

A 28-year old man presented with left flank pain and dysuria. Plain abdominal film and computed tomography showed a left giant ureteral stone measuring 11.5 cm causing ureteral obstruction and other stones 2.5 cm in size in the lower pole of ipsilateral kidney and 7 mm in size in distal part of right ureter. A left ureterolithotomy was performed and then a double J stent was inserted into the ureter. The patient was discharged from the hospital 4 days postoperatively with no complications. Stone analysis was consistent with magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium oxalate. Underlying anatomic or metabolic abnormalities were not detected. One month after surgery, right ureteral stone passed spontaneously, left renal stone moved to distal ureter, and it was removed by ureterolithotomy. Control intravenous urography and cystography demonstrated unobstructed bilateral ureter and the absence of vesicoureteral reflux.

In vitro production of struvite by Bacillus pumilus

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 978-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berlin Nelson ◽  
James Struble ◽  
Gregory McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Vitro Production

A strain of Bacillus pumilus, isolated from the soilborne sclerotia of a fungus, produced crystals of the mineral struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate) on Difco nutrient agar and a yeast extract agar containing magnesium sulphate and potassium phosphate. Crystals were macroscopically observed after 6–20 days of bacterial growth and reached a maximum size of 3 × 0.5 mm. Crystals were identified by X-ray powder diffractometry. These findings support the hypothesis that bacteria are involved in the biogenic formation of struvite in nature. Key words: struvite, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, Bacillus pumilus, biomineral.

Annual changes of the incidence and clinical characteristics of magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKAHIDE OGATA ◽  
KOICHIRO AKAKURA ◽  
KEN-ICHI MIZOGUCHI ◽  
KAZUO MIKAMI ◽  
KUNIYOSHI NOZUMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Annual Changes
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