scholarly journals INFERTILITY

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
ROBINA KAUSAR ◽  
LUBNA YASMEEN ◽  
TAHIRA JABBAR ◽  
Faiqa Imran
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pregnancy Test ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Urine Pregnancy Test

Objective: To measure the success rate of combined clomiphene citrate and gonadotrophin therapy in infertile patients. Study Design: Observational analytical study. Period: June 2009 to June 2010. Methods: In this observational analytical study, total of 100 infertile patients were selected for Combined Clomiphene Citrate and Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin (CC – hMG) regime and maximum of three treatment cycle were given. Results: Out of 100 patients in our study, 74% (2/3 rd) patients were less than 30 years of age and 26% (1/3rd ) were between 30 – 40 yrs of age. Primary infertility was seen also in 2/3rd of patients (73% ) and secondary infertility in remaining 1/3rd (27%) of patients. Polycystic ovary (PCO) was the commonest cause of an ovulation seen in 62% of patients, obesity in 24% of patients and in 14% of patients cause was unknown (unexplained infertility). on average only 4.1 Inj of gonadotrophin were required to get a mature follicle on an average 12th day (12.41 day) of the cycle. As concerned the treatment outcome, 82% of patient reported back after first course of treatment. Urine pregnancy test was positive in 18%. Remaining 64% patent were offered second course of treatment, out of which only 35% agreed for further treatment. After second course of treatment positive urine pregnancy test was seen in only 5% of patients. Remaining 30% of patients were advised third course of treatment. Out of these 30%, 8 patients took gonadotrophin regime, 10 patients agreed on follicle tracking only, 8 % of patients refused further treatment and 4 % did not report back. Conclusions: Our study shows the success rate of 23% with CC-HMG combined treatment which is double the CC alone and equal to HMG alone, thereby reducing the cost of treatment without sacrificing efficacy. In other words combined CC-HMG regime is cost effective technique in the management of infertile patients. 

scholarly journals Efficacy of letrozole versus clomiphene citrate for infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2944
Author(s):  
Sinan S. Ay ◽  
Özer Birge ◽  
Mehmet S. Bakır ◽  
Ayşe E. Yumru
Keyword(s):  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertility Patients ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: The aim was to compare ovulation induction protocols in anovulatory patients, who make up a significant percentage of infertility patients, and to determine the most appropriate treatment for patients in the clinic based on the findings.Methods: The effectiveness of clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole (aromatase inhibitor) in ovulation induction treatments were retrospectively compared in patients who applied for infertility in the last 5 years and were found to be anovulatory. 20 of these patients were being treated with clomiphene citrate, while the 18 were being treated with letrozole.Results: The study included a total of 38 anovulatory infertile patients. The mean age of the patients was found to be 29.3. When the endometrial thicknesses (ET) after the treatment were compared, the first group's mean EC was 6.1, while that of the second group was 9.05. The endometrial thicknesses measured after the treatments were found to be significantly different, which were consistent with other studies in the literature. Post-treatment ovulation responses were similar with 55% in both groups. In the evaluation of pregnancy outcomes, 20% of pregnancy was achieved in the first group and 33% in the second group.Conclusions: The use of letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, may be suggested as an alternative to CC in the ovulation induction protocol in our clinical practice, particularly in obese patients.

scholarly journals POLYCYSCTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS);

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 354-359
Author(s):  
Rashida Perveen ◽  
Sobia Hamid ◽  
Mehnaz Khakwani
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Clinical Trail ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Urine Pregnancy Test

Objective: To compare effectiveness of clomiphene alone and in combinationwith metformin in terms of conception rate in patients presenting with polycystic ovary syndrome.Study Design: Randomized clinical trail. Place and duration of study: Department Obstetricsand Gynecology Unit I, Nishtar Hospital Multan, 6 months from 12th September 2009 to 11thMarch 2010. Methodology: Primary subfertile women visiting outpatient department of NishtarHospital Multan with significant irregular menstrual cycle, oligo menorrhea and ultrasonographicfeatures of polycystic ovaries were enrolled in the study. Semen samples from male partners wereanalyzed according to the WHO criteria. Women whose partner’s semen analysis was abnormalwere excluded from study. Group ‘A’ was given clomiphene citrate alone and second group (i.e.group B) was given colmiphene citrate and metformin. All patients were followed till six cycles forregularity of menstrual cycle (determined by history) ovulation by follicular tracking onultrasonography, if patient (conceived), conception was confirmed by urine pregnancy test andgestational sac on ultrasonography pelvis. Final outcome was measured at six month.Information was entered in specifically designed proforma. Results: Frequency of PCOS was14.05%. Mean age of the patients was 31.03 ± 0.58 vs. 29.89 ± 0.53 years in group A and Brespectively. Oligomenorrhea was present in 18(50%) vs. 18 (50%) women, amenorrhea in7(19.4%) vs. 8(22.2%) patients and weight gain in 14(38.9%) vs. 15(41.7%) cases in group A andB respectively. Conception was achieved in 26(72.2%) vs. (18(50.0%) patients in group A and Brespectively. Conclusions: Metformin does not seem to help in achieving higher rates ofpregnancy when combined with CC as compared to CC alone.

scholarly journals Role of intrauterine tubo-peritoneal insemination and intrauterine insemination in the treatment of infertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2057
Author(s):  
Disha Gupta ◽  
Asha Verma ◽  
Richa Gupta ◽  
Soniya Saini ◽  
Anuradha Salvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Urine Pregnancy Test

Background: Infertility management has become more substantial and relevant with an increase in the number of infertile patients as well as advances in the science of reproduction. The objective of our study was to assess the role of intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination (IUTPI) and intrauterine insemination (IUI) in the treatment of infertile patients.Methods: 236 infertile patients, 118 in each group attending the infertility clinic, after applying both inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the present study. Patients in each study group were given clomiphene citrate for ovarian stimulation followed by injection hCG for triggering ovulation. Insemination with washed husband’s sperm was performed about 36-40 hours after hCG administration, using 10ml of  inseminate in IUTPI and 0.5ml inseminate in IUI. The patient was then called after 2 weeks for urine pregnancy test (UPT) which, if positive was considered as clinical pregnancy.Results: Out of the total 236 cases, 42 cases had a positive outcome. Out of these 42 positive cases, 27 were from IUTPI group whereas 15 from IUI group. The pregnancy rate was 22.88% in IUTPI and 12.71% in IUI (p=0.039), which was a statistically significant difference. Endometrial thickness, preovulatory follicle number and prewash sperm motility significantly affected positive outcome in IUTPI. Factors like patient’s age, BMI<25, bilateral patent tubes and decreased duration of infertility also positively affected the treatment outcome.Conclusions: Our study found IUTPI to have better pregnancy rate compared to IUI. IUTPI may become a first line option for treatment of infertile patients.

scholarly journals Algorithm of ovulation induction in patients with polycistic ovary syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Bjelica ◽  
Jelena Bjelanovic ◽  
Natasa Milic ◽  
Ljiljana Mladenovic-Segedi ◽  
Djordje Ilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Infertile Patients

Introduction. Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most frequent endocrine disturbance in the reproductive period of women?s life and the most frequent cause of anovulatory infertility. Ovulation and pregnancy in patients having polycystic ovary syndrome may be a result of a wide range of therapeutic options, and the treatment assumes a gradual approach - from simple noninvasive to expensive and demanding procedures. Material and Methods. A systematic literature survey concerning the efficiency of particular ovulation induction methods in respect of the reproductive outcome was carried out with the aim of establishing the algorithm for ovulation induction in infertile patients having polycystic ovary syndrome. The search was confined to clinical investigations performed on human subjects, reported in English in the period from the beginning of 2010 to June of 2014. Conclusion. As a conclusion of this system?atic survey of the efficiency of ovulation induction methods, which confirms and supplements the knowledge in this field, it is possible to form the algorithm for ovulation induction in infertile patients having polycystic ovary syndrome, consisting of the following subsequent steps: 1) modification of life style, 2) induction with clomiphene citrate 3) use of metformin, 4) use of aromatase inhibitors, 5) application of gonadotropins and laparoscopic ovarian drilling - as a second-line treatment, and 6) assisted reproductive techniques.

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