scholarly journals Production of Volatile Organic Compounds of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on Coinoculation with the Metabolites of Chaetomium globosum

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sangeetha C ◽  
◽  
Krishnamoorthy AS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Ester Group ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
The Difference

e present study focused on divulging the effect of 15 and 30 days old culture filtrates of Chaetomium globosum on the mycelial growth and toxin production of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The cell-free culture (CFC) filtrate of C. globosum was inoculated in the liquid medium of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The results revealed that mycelial growth was reduced in the CFC filtrate of C. globosum inoculated medium compared to control (pathogen alone). The mycelial dry weight of the F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was 0.864g in fifteen days old CFC filtrate followed by 30 days old CFC filtrate of C. globosum (1.374g) amended medium. Metabolites from the CFC filtrate and control were extracted separately using chloroform followed by ethyl acetate and the extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis. GC-MS analyses showed that methyl ester group was present in 15 days old culture filtrate condensate compared to 30 days old CFC. The compounds are methyl tetradecanoate, octadecanoic acid, methyl ester, and DL-Proline, 5-oxo-, methyl ester. Thirty days old culture filtrate condensate of C. globosum contained more phenol groups like phenol 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) at 17.62 RT followed by diisooctyl phthalate, 17-pentatriacontene, cholestan-3-ol, 2-methylene-, (3a,5a) and bicycle [4.1.0]heptanes,-3-cyclopropyl,-7-hydroxymethyl,trans. Metabolites of F. o. f. sp. lycopersici were also characterized by GC-MS, which showed very few volatile compounds like methyl tetradecanone , oleic acid, eicosyl ester, methyl stearate, and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. These compounds were not detected in co-inoculation of 15 and 30 days old CFC filtrate of C. globosum and F. o. f. sp. lycopersici. The difference in the volatile profile may be due to the effect of the metabolites of C. globosum on F. o. f.sp. lycopersici.

scholarly journals Novel Functional Derivatives of Methyl-cis-9,10-Epoxy-Octadecanoate

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
Stanislav Skachko ◽  
◽  
Orest Hevus ◽  
Larysa Dolynska ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ester Group ◽  
Oxirane Ring ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Epoxystearic Acid

The synthesis of functional derivatives of epoxystearic acid methyl ester by oxirane ring opening and transesterification of ester group has been described. Some novel surface-active and peroxide-containing compounds have been obtained. Major features of the process have been investigated and main characteristics have been determined.

scholarly journals Influence of MCPA on Fusarium oxysporum root rot and red clover growth under controlled greenhouse conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ceballos ◽  
Graciela Palma ◽  
Fernando Perich ◽  
Fernando Pardo ◽  
Andrés Quiroz
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a disease that reduces red clover persistence. Agronomical management of red clover includes MCPA application, and there is no information regarding the effects of this herbicide on the disease. MCPA was evaluated for its effects on F. oxysporum root rot and red clover (Trifolium pratense) growth in a greenhouse experiment. Additionally, in vitro mycelial growth and conidial germination of F. oxysporum were studied. For shoot dry weight and crown diameter of seedlings, the interaction of herbicide and inoculum was significant at 30 d. The herbicide–inoculum treatment reduced shoot dry weight by 20% at 1X rate and by 24% at 2X rate, and crown diameter was reduced by 10% at the high rate. The MCPA treatment caused a 40% reduction of root dry weight by the end of the experiment. Application of MCPA caused fusarium root rot to increase in severity on red clover seedlings and caused phytotoxicity at the high rate. Interaction with the other growth parameters was not significant, indicating that the effects of herbicide and inoculum were independent. Conidial germination and mycelial growth in vitro were reduced by MCPA. Results suggest that red clover growth could be negatively affected by F. oxysporum after MCPA application and that root rot severity increases at high rates of MCPA.

Seedling and Yield Response of Cucumber to Naptalam and Chloramben

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Cole ◽  
T. N. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Naphthylphthalamic Acid ◽  
Significant Yield

Height, true-leaf area, shoot dry weight, and survival of the seedlings of four varieties of cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.) were measured for differences occurring when treated preemergence with naptalam (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid) alone, chloramben (3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) methyl ester alone, or with combinations of these two herbicides. These factors were reduced, depending upon the variety of cucumber, with each of the herbicide treatments. The only reduction associated with naptalam alone was the true-leaf area of ‘Model’ and ‘Wisconsin SMR 58.’ ‘Ohio MR 17,’ ‘Model,’ and ‘Wisconsin SMR 58’ had less reduction of all measured responses than ‘Pixie’ when treated with chloramben methyl ester alone or with combinations of naptalam and chloramben methyl ester. The herbicide variety interactions present in seedling injury under greenhouse conditions were not reflected in the yields of these varieties when grown in the field. The only significant yield reduction occurring under field conditions was with the 4.48 kg/ha rate of chloramben methyl ester in the first harvest.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seed and Soil Treatments with Novel Bacillus subtilis Strains for Control of Soybean Root Rot Caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. graminearum

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 1317-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. X. Zhang ◽  
A. G. Xue ◽  
J. T. Tambong
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Corn Roots

Fusarium root rot is an important disease of soybean in Ontario, Canada. This study is to select antagonistic bacterial agents as effective alternatives to chemical pesticides for the control of root rots caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. graminearum. Twenty-two Bacillus subtilis strains from soybean and corn roots were tested in dual cultures for inhibition of mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. graminearum. All strains significantly reduced mycelial growth of F. oxysporum by approximately 17 to 48% and of F. graminearum by 10 to 32%. Ten B. subtilis strains selected based on their larger fungal inhibition zones were evaluated against macroconidial germination. These strains inhibited the spore germination of F. oxysporum by 20 to 48% and of F. graminearum by 14 to 32% in cell-free filtrates. Under greenhouse conditions, the efficacy of seed and soil treatments with B. subtilis strains against the two Fusarium root rot pathogens was evaluated based on root rot severity, seedling emergence, plant height, and root dry weight. Six B. subtilis strains (SB01, SB04, SB23, SB24, SB28, and SB33) from soybean roots and two strains (CB01 and CH22) from corn roots significantly reduced the severity of the two Fusarium root rots in seed or soil treatments. Strains SB01, SB04, SB23, and SB24 were the most effective treatments against both pathogens in either seed or soil treatment. When applied as seed treatments, these four strains reduced root rot severity by 43 to 63% and increased emergence by 13 to 17%, plant height by 9 to 18%, and root dry weight by 8.4 to 19%. When used as soil treatments, they reduced root rot severity by 68 to 74% and increased emergence by 14 to 18%, plant height by 11 to 23%, and root dry weight by 16 to 24%. These results suggest that the novel strains of B. subtilis identified in this research can be effective alternatives to fungicides in managing Fusarium root rots of soybean, and a greater level of efficacy may be achieved when they were used as soil treatments than seed treatments.

Ethno pharmacological Efficiency of Andrographis Paniculata against Tuber Rot Disease of Manihot Esculenta (Cassava)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruba Palani ◽  
Wesely Edward Gnanaraj ◽  
Rani Michael Helan Soundra
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Tuber Rot

Cassava is a chief and energy rich carbohydrates food, which might be the reason many parasitic fungi adhere within the plant that causes huge damage to the crop during the post harvesting stage or storage period. In the present study, the ethno-based possible eradication of parasitic fungi was highlighted. Andrographis paniculata Burm. f. Nees and Stachytarpheta indica were chosen for its popular medicinal values and the phytochemical contents were characterized. Its potency showed an inhibitory effects against tuber rot disease causing fungal pathogens viz., Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum in Cassava by disc – diffusion methods. The diameter of the zone of inhibition at various concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 w/v) of leaf extracts was observed with the maximum in A. paniculata (20mm with 10 w/v conc.) against Fusarium oxysporum followed by A. niger (17mm at 10w/v conc.). The preliminary phytochemical screening of Andrographis paniculata revealed the presence of phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. In GCMS analysis, Benzene,1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-, Cyclopenta [c] pyran-4-carboxylic acid, 7-methyl-, methyl ester and 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z, Z, Z)- covered the high areas, that might be responsible or can possess the antifungal activity against Tuber root rot causing fungal pathogens. Furthermore, extensive studies are recommended to characterize each compound in the crude extracts of A. paniculata to enhance or to acclaim remedy for various diseases in plants. This study reveals the acknowledgement of the medicinal plant A. paniculata for its remarkable organic or eco-friendly fungicide potential against cassava tuber rot diseases.

scholarly journals Carnation wilt diseases caused by fungi in Finland

1969 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
E. A. Jamalainen ◽  
Laina Ruotsalainen
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Carbamic Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Alternaria Tenuis ◽  
Different Parts

From 81 carnation samples collected in 1967—68 from nurseries in different parts of the country were identified 17 species of fungus, from a total of 177 fungus isolates. Among these, Fusarium oxysporum was most widespread, 31.1 %. F. arthrosporioides, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Alternaria tenuis and Cladosporium sp. occurred in considerable quantities. The percentage of Phialophora cinerescens was 1.1 %. In the inoculation trials F. oxysporum behaved as a strongly pathogenic, infecting plants via the air through cut surfaces and via the soil by root-penetration. A. tenuis, F. avenaceum and F. culmorum infected carnations only from the air through cut surfaces. In the fungicide trials against F. oxysporum, spraying the plants infected via the soil proved ineffective. The trials were made with the systemic Benlate (1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamic acid, methyl ester 50 %), Plantvax (2,3-Dihydro-5-carboxanilido- 6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin-4,4-dioxide), Vitavax (2,3-Dihydro-5-caboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin), and with the non-systemic Dithane M-45 (mancozeb 80 %), Orthocide 50 (captan 50 %) and Pomarsol Forte (thiram 80 %). The dipping of rooted cuttings into Benlate and Dithane M-45 compounds to a certain extent delayed the process of wilting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document