In -Vitro Assessment Of Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Ethanolic Extract Of Fenugreek Seeds And Demonstration Of Effectiveness In Animal Models (In- Vivo) Through Characterization Of Gel Formulation Containing The Extract

Inflammation is a reaction of a living vascularised tissue to an injury. Conventional or synthetic drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases are inadequate, it sometimes have serious side effects. So, number of herbal medicines is recommended for the treatment of inflammation that has no side effects. Hence our study focused to investigate the physicochemical, qualitative phytochemical analysis of bioactive compounds and In-vitro and In-vivo anti-inflammatory activity of Plumeria indica Linn (P. Indica) flowers extract which has boundless medicinal properties. The physicochemical evaluations carried out in terms of loss on drying, ash value, extractive values and acid insoluble ash value ect. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents was determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. The aqueous and ethanolic extract of P. Indica flowers was screened for in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema in rat model and in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity by human red blood cell membrane stabilization method. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids ect. Ethanolic extract showed best in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was screened for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity at the dose level of 250 and 500mg/kg. Indomethacin at the dose level of 10 mg/kg was used as reference standard drug. Both the extracts showed a dose dependent anti-inflammatory potential which provide scientific basis for the traditional claims of P. Indica flowers as an anti-inflammatory drug. Keywords: Plumeria indica Linn, Anti-inflammatory activity, Carrageenan, Human red blood cells membrane

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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Benjakul: A Potential Medicinal Product from Thai Traditional Medicine

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/9760948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Pranporn Kuropakornpong ◽

Arunporn Itharat ◽

Sumalee Panthong ◽

Seewaboon Sireeratawong ◽

Buncha Ooraikul

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Pge2 Production ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Strong Activity ◽

Edema Model ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Benjakul (BJK) is a Thai traditional remedy consisting of five plants: Piper chaba Hunt., Piper sarmentosum Roxb., Piper interruptum Opiz., Plumbago indica Linn., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. It is used as a first-line drug to balance patient’s symptoms before other treatments. BJK ethanolic extract has been reported to show anti-inflammatory activity through various mediators, e.g., nitric oxide, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Therefore, BJK could serve as a potential novel anti-inflammatory herbal medicine. However, studies on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), one of the key mediators in acute inflammation, and anti-inflammation in animal models (in vivo) have not been done. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of BJK extract and some of its chemical compounds against PGE2 production in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell line and two in vivo models of anti-inflammatory studies. Ethanolic extract of BJK (BJK[E]) showed high inhibitory activity against PGE2 production with an IC50 value of 5.82 ± 0.10 μg/mL but its water extract (BJK[W]) was inactive. Two chemicals from BJK[E], i.e., plumbagin and myristicin, which served as biological markers, showed strong activity with IC50 values of 0.08 ± 0.01 and 1.80 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. BJK[E] was administered both topically and orally to rats inhibited with inflammation induced by ethyl phenylpropiolate (rat ear edema model) and carrageenan (hind paw edema model). Moreover, the biological activity of BJK extract did not reduce after six-month storage under accelerated condition (40°C, 75% RH). This indicated its stability and a 24-month shelf-life under normal condition. These results supported not only the use of BJK in Thai traditional medicine but also the possibility of further development of phytopharmaceutical products from BJK.

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Chemical Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phytoconstituents from Swertia alata

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1109

Author(s):

Sakshi Bajaj ◽

Shivkanya Fuloria ◽

Vetriselvan Subramaniyan ◽

Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi ◽

Sharad Wakode ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Attenuated Total Reflection ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Ulcerogenic Activity ◽

Cox 2 ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Cox 1

Swertia alata C.B Clarke (Gentianaceae) is a well-reported plant in the traditional system of medicine. The present study was intended to isolate the phytoconstituents from the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of S. alata; and evaluate for in vitro COX-1/COX-2 inhibition activity, in vivo anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activity. Phytoisolation involved partitioning of S. alata ethanolic extract into petroleum ether and chloroform soluble fractions using silica gel-based column chromatography. The isolation afforded two phytoisolates, namely oleanolic acid (SA-1) and 3-hydroxylup-12-(13)-ene-17-carboxylic acid (SA-4). Phytoisolates structures were established by melting point, ultraviolet (UV), attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HMBC) and mass spectrometry. Phytoisolates were further evaluated for in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX-1/COX-2) inhibitory activity, in vivo anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activity. The study revealed SA-4 (COX-1/COX-2 inhibition activity of 104/61.68 µM with % inhibition of 61.36) to be more effective than SA-1 (COX-1/COX-2 inhibition activity of 128.4/87.25 µM, with % inhibition of 47.72). SA-1 and SA-4, when subjected to ulcerogenic study, exhibited significant gastric tolerance. The current study reports chromatographic isolation and spectrometric characterization of SA-1 and SA-4. The present study concludes that compound SA-4 possess significant anti-inflammatory activity and less irritant property over gastric mucosa with no significant ulcerogenicity in comparison to indomethacin.

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Preclinical characterization of dostarlimab, a therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibody with potent activity to enhance immune function in in vitro cellular assays and in vivo animal models

mAbs ◽

10.1080/19420862.2021.1954136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1954136

Author(s):

Sujatha Kumar ◽

Srimoyee Ghosh ◽

Geeta Sharma ◽

Zebin Wang ◽

Marilyn R. Kehry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Immune Function ◽

Cellular Assays ◽

In Vivo Animal Models

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New ursolic acid derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moieties: design, synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo

Molecular Diversity ◽

10.1007/s11030-021-10236-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tian-Yi Zhang ◽

Chun-Shi Li ◽

Li-Ting Cao ◽

Xue-Qian Bai ◽

Dong-Hai Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ursolic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Design Synthesis ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Preclinical Testing of Radiopharmaceuticals for the Detection and Characterization of Osteomyelitis: Experiences from a Porcine Model

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4221

Author(s):

Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup ◽

Svend Borup Jensen ◽

Ole Lerberg Nielsen ◽

Lars Jødal ◽

Pia Afzelius

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Animal Models ◽

Porcine Model ◽

Animal Experiments ◽

Radioactive Tracers ◽

The Individual ◽

Selection Of

The development of new and better radioactive tracers capable of detecting and characterizing osteomyelitis is an ongoing process, mainly because available tracers lack selectivity towards osteomyelitis. An integrated part of developing new tracers is the performance of in vivo tests using appropriate animal models. The available animal models for osteomyelitis are also far from ideal. Therefore, developing improved animal osteomyelitis models is as important as developing new radioactive tracers. We recently published a review on radioactive tracers. In this review, we only present and discuss osteomyelitis models. Three ethical aspects (3R) are essential when exposing experimental animals to infections. Thus, we should perform experiments in vitro rather than in vivo (Replacement), use as few animals as possible (Reduction), and impose as little pain on the animal as possible (Refinement). The gain for humans should by far exceed the disadvantages for the individual experimental animal. To this end, the translational value of animal experiments is crucial. We therefore need a robust and well-characterized animal model to evaluate new osteomyelitis tracers to be sure that unpredicted variation in the animal model does not lead to a misinterpretation of the tracer behavior. In this review, we focus on how the development of radioactive tracers relies heavily on the selection of a reliable animal model, and we base the discussions on our own experience with a porcine model.

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Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Calyces from Physalis peruviana

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400901111 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Reina M. Toro ◽

Diana M. Aragón ◽

Luis F. Ospina ◽

Freddy A. Ramos ◽

Leonardo Castellanos

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Physalis Peruviana ◽

Edema Model ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Bio Assay

Physalis peruviana calyces are used extensively in folk medicine. The crude ethanolic extract and some fractions of calyces were evaluated in order to explore antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the TPA-induced ear edema model. The antioxidant in vitro activity was measured by means of the superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity of the extracts and fractions. The butanolic fraction was found to be promising due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, a bio-assay guided approach was employed to isolate and identify rutin (1) and nicotoflorin (2) from their NMR spectroscopic and MS data. The identification of rutin in calyces of P. peruviana supports the possible use of this waste material for phytotherapeutic, nutraceutical and cosmetic preparations.

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