scholarly journals Asthma and pregnancy prevalence in a developing country and their mortality outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 088-093
Author(s):  
Aguilar Raul ◽  
Martinez Jorge ◽  
Turcios Edgar ◽  
Castro Victor
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Nonobese Group

Background: Latin America has always had high maternal and infant mortality rates. However, the prevalence of asthma in pregnant patients and their outcomes are unknown. We aimed at answering those questions in a developing country’s maternity hospital. Methods: Since January 2011, a cohort of 591 pregnant asthma patients was prospectively recruited for 60 consecutive months. Patients were followed up by a multidisciplinary team until delivery. They were divided into two groups: one of 186 smokers or morbidly obese patients and another of 405 nonobese nonsmokers. Outcomes of mothers and their babies were documented. Results: Out of 57,031 deliveries, the overall estimated prevalence of 591 asthmatic pregnant patients was 1.03%. When adjusted for age standardized prevalence, it turned to 9.2%. With 28 maternal deaths (49 per 100,000 live births). None of these women had asthma. There were also 413 deaths among newborns (7.24/1000 live births). One occurred in the smoker/obese group (5.37/1000 live births) and two in the nonsmoker nonobese group (4.84/1000 live births). The prevalence of asthma during pregnancy seemed lower than in some affluent societies. Overall maternal mortality rates were similar to national figures; however, data on mothers’ mortality with asthma were unexpectedly absent. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach and the use of a low-cost inhaled steroid seemed to be the reasons for this. However, infant mortality rate remained high, which could be related to the risk of asthma itself. We believe there’s a worldwide need for agreements on a standardized approach for asthma’s epidemiological surveys, in order to make them comparable.

Infant Mortality Among Singletons and Twins in Japan During 1999–2008 on the Basis of Risk Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Imaizumi ◽  
Kazuo Hayakawa
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births

The infant mortality rate (IMR) among single and twin births from 1999 to 2008 was analyzed using Japanese Vital Statistics. The IMR was 5.3-fold higher in twins than in singletons in 1999 and decreased to 3.9-fold in 2008. The reduced risk of infant mortality in twins relative to singletons may be related, partially, to survival rates, which improved after fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for twin — twin transfusion syndrome. The proportion of neonatal deaths among total infant deaths was 54% for singletons and 74% for twins. Thus, intensive care of single and twin births may be very important during the first month of life to reduce the IMR. The IMR decreased as gestational age (GA) rose in singletons, whereas the IMR in twins decreased as GA rose until 37 weeks and increased thereafter. The IMR was significantly higher in twins than in singletons from the shortest GA (<24 weeks) to 28 weeks as well as ≥38 weeks, whereas the IMR was significantly higher in singletons than in twins from 30 to 36 weeks. As for maternal age, the early neonatal and neonatal mortality rates as well as the IMR in singletons were significantly higher in the youngest maternal age group than in the oldest one, whereas the opposite result was obtained in twins. The lowest IMR in singletons was 1.1 per 1,000 live births for ≥38 weeks of gestation and heaviest birth weight (≥2,000 g), while the lowest IMR in twins was 1.8 at 37 weeks and ≥2,000 g.

scholarly journals A new record linkage for assessing infant mortality rates in Ontario, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshayne B. Fell ◽  
Alison L. Park ◽  
Ann E. Sprague ◽  
Nehal Islam ◽  
Joel G. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Birth Records

Abstract Objective Infant mortality statistics for Canada have routinely omitted Ontario—Canada’s most populous province—as a high proportion of Vital Statistics infant death registrations could not be linked with their corresponding Vital Statistics live birth registrations. We assessed the feasibility of linking an alternative source of live birth information with infant death registrations. Methods All infant deaths occurring before 365 days of age registered in Ontario’s Vital Statistics in 2010–2011 were linked with birth records in the Canadian Institute for Health Information’s hospitalization database. Crude birthweight-specific and gestational age-specific infant mortality rates were calculated, and rates examined according to maternal and infant characteristics. Results Of 1311 infant death registrations, only 47 (3.6%) could not be linked to a hospital birth record. The overall crude infant mortality rate was 4.7 deaths per 1000 live births (95% CI, 4.4 to 4.9), the same as previously reported for the rest of Canada in 2011. Infant mortality was higher in women < 20 years (5.8 per 1000 live births) and ≥ 40 years (5.9 per 1000 live births), and lowest among those aged 25–29 years (3.9 per 1000 live births). Infant mortality was notably higher in the lowest (5.1 per 1000 live births) residential income quintile than the highest (3.4 per 1000 live births). Conclusion Use of birth hospitalization records resulted in near-complete linkage of all Vital Statistics infant death registrations. This approach could enhance the conduct of representative surveillance and research on infant mortality when direct linkage of live birth and infant death registrations is not achievable.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Ibu Kaitannya Dengan Kejadian Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supiati Supiati
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Age, Parity, Incidence of LBW. One indicator to determine the degree of public health is the infant mortality rate (IMR). Infant mortality rate in Indonesia is still relatively high, which recorded 31 per 1,000 live births in 2008. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal age and parity with LBW in the Maternity Hospital (RB) Juweni Village Pandes Wedi Klaten This study uses descriptive analytic correlation with retrospective approach. The study population all mothers delivered in January 2011-September 2012 with a total population of 142 mothers. The study was conducted in October 2012. The results of the study obtained the highest maternal age age is not at risk of 124 respondents (87.3%), most mothers Parity multi 75 respondents (52.8%), the highest incidence of low birth weight is not 133 respondents (93.7% ). It can be concluded that there is no relationship between the age of mothers with LBW and there is no relationship between the parity of mothers with LBW.

Regional Contribution of Previable Infant Deaths to Infant Mortality Rates in the United States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MacKenzie Lee ◽  
Eric S. Hall ◽  
Meredith Taylor ◽  
Emily A. DeFranco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Healthy People 2020

Objective Lack of standardization of infant mortality rate (IMR) calculation between regions in the United States makes comparisons potentially biased. This study aimed to quantify differences in the contribution of early previable live births (<20 weeks) to U.S. regional IMR. Study Design Population-based cohort study of all U.S. live births and infant deaths recorded between 2007 and 2014 using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) WONDER database linked birth/infant death records (births from 17–47 weeks). Proportion of infant deaths attributable to births <20 vs. 20 to 47 weeks, and difference (ΔIMR) between reported and modified (births ≥20 weeks) IMRs were compared across four U.S. census regions (North, South, Midwest, and West). Results Percentages of infant deaths attributable to birth <20 weeks were 6.3, 6.3, 5.3, and 4.1% of total deaths for Northeast, Midwest, South, and West, respectively, p < 0.001. Contribution of < 20-week deaths to each region's IMR was 0.34, 0.42, 0.37, and 0.2 per 1,000 live births. Modified IMR yielded less regional variation with IMRs of 5.1, 6.2, 6.6, and 4.9 per 1,000 live births. Conclusion Live births at <20 weeks contribute significantly to IMR as all result in infant death. Standardization of gestational age cut-off results in more consistent IMRs among U.S. regions and would result in U.S. IMR rates exceeding the healthy people 2020 goal of 6.0 per 1,000 live births.

scholarly journals The Challenge of Infant Mortality: Have We Reached a Plateau?

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian F. MacDorman ◽  
T.J. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The U.S

Objectives. Infant mortality is a major indicator of the health of a nation. We analyzed recent patterns and trends in U.S. infant mortality, with an emphasis on two of the greatest challenges: ( 1) persistent racial and ethnic disparities and ( 2) the impact of preterm and low birthweight delivery. Methods. Data from the national linked birth/infant death datasets were used to compute infant mortality rates per 100,000 live births by cause of death (COD), and per 1,000 live births for all other variables. Infant mortality rates and other measures of infant health were analyzed and compared. Leading and preterm-related CODs, and international comparisons of infant mortality rates were also examined. Results. Despite the rapid decline in infant mortality during the 20th century, the U.S. infant mortality rate did not decline from 2000 to 2005, and declined only marginally in 2006. Racial and ethnic disparities in infant mortality have persisted and increased, as have the percentages of preterm and low birthweight deliveries. After decades of improvement, the infant mortality rate for very low birthweight infants remained unchanged from 2000 to 2005. Infant mortality rates from congenital malformations and sudden infant death syndrome declined; however, rates for preterm-related CODs increased. The U.S. international ranking in infant mortality fell from 12th place in 1960 to 30th place in 2005. Conclusions. Infant mortality is a complex and multifactorial problem that has proved resistant to intervention efforts. Continued increases in preterm and low birthweight delivery present major challenges to further improvement in the infant mortality rate.

scholarly journals Demographic situation in Eritrea

1996 ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Gebremariam Woldemicael
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Average Annual Rate ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Demographic Indicators

This paper gives estimates of the following demographic indicators for Eritrea: population size, annual growth rate, age and sex composition, fertility, infant, and child mortality. Brief background sections place the demographic characteristics in a broader perspective. The data used in the analysis of fertility and mortality are taken from sample surveys conducted after independence. Other figures are obtained from government and non-government reports. Indirect techniques were employed to analyze the fertility and mortality rates. Results indicate that the total population of Eritrea in 1993 was roughly 3.5 million. The average annual rate of population growth is found to be about 3% . Children fourteen years old or younger are estimated to be about 46% of the total population. Only 4% of Eritreans are 65 years of age or older. The findings also reveal that fertility rates in Eritrea are high. Women have on average about 7.0 children. The findings further indicate an infant mortality of 112 and an under-five mortality of 208 deaths per 1,000 live births. Given the poor socioeconomic situation of the country, these rates, especially the infant mortality rate, are considered to be underestimates. Further research is therefore needed to ascertain the prevailing situation of Eritrea.

Analysis of demographic data collected in a rural area of Kenya

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. W. Van Vianen ◽  
J. K. Van Ginneken
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Fertility Estimate

SummaryIn the area studied in the Machakos Project the total fertility estimate amounts to 7·46, which is somewhat lower than reported in the preceding article (van Ginneken et al., 1984). Evidence is provided that the low observed infant mortality rate of 49 per 1000 live births is plausible; this rate is in accordance with the relatively low and rapidly declining infant mortality rates found in Kenya. No accurate estimate on adult mortality could be obtained, probably due to serious overstatement of ages in the older age groups.

Trends in and determinants of neonatal and infant mortality in Nigeria based on Demographic and Health Survey data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kamalesh Kumar Patel ◽  
Jang Bahadur Prasad ◽  
Rajeshwari A. Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
North West ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region

Abstract This study aimed to assess the changes in neonatal and infant mortality rates in Nigeria over the period 1990 to 2018 using Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data, and assess their socio-demographic determinants using data from the most recent survey conducted in 2018. The infant mortality rate was 87 per 1000 live births in 1990, and this increased to 100 per 1000 live births in 2003 – an increase of around 15% over 13 years. Neonatal and infant mortality rates started to decline steadily thereafter and continued to do so until 2013. After 2013, neonatal morality rose slightly by the year 2018. Information for 27,465 infants under 1 year of age from the NDHS-2018 was analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis and the Cox proportional hazard technique. In 2018, infant deaths decreased as wealth increased, and the incidence of infant deaths was greater among those of Islam religion than among those of other religions. A negative association was found between infant deaths and the size of a child at birth. Infant mortality was higher in rural than in urban areas, and was higher among male than female children. Both neonatal and infant death rates varied by region and were found to be highest in the North West region and lowest in the South region. An increasing trend was observed in neonatal mortality in the 5-year period from 2013 to 2018. Policy interventions should be focused on the poor classes, women with a birth interval of less than 2 years and those living in the North West region of the country.

scholarly journals Maternal age and parity associated with low birth weight infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Afifah ◽  
Ninuk Dwi Ariningtyas ◽  
Gina Noor Djalilah ◽  
Muhammad Anas
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Infant Morbidity ◽  
Very High

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) infants indicate infant morbidity and infant mortality rates. In Indonesia, the infant mortality rate is still very high, with 32 deaths per 1 000 live births. The purpose of this study is to prove a relationship between maternal age and parity with LBW infants.

Risk of Neonatal and Infant Mortality in Twins and Singletons by Gestational Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (08) ◽  
pp. 798-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Yang Chen ◽  
Suneet P. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Risk Ratios

Objective To compare neonatal and infant mortality rates stratified by gestational age (GA) between singletons and twins and examine the three leading causes of death among them. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study using the U.S. vital statistics datasets. The study was restricted to nonanomalous live births at 24 to 40 weeks delivered in 2005 to 2014. We used multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance to examine the association between birth plurality (singleton vs. twin) and mortality outcomes within each GA, while adjusting for confounders. The results were presented as adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Of 26,292,747 live births, 96.6% were singletons and 3.4% were twins. At 29 to 36 weeks of GA, compared with singletons, twins had a lower risk of neonatal mortality (aRR: 0.37–0.78) and infant mortality (aRR: 0.54–0.86). When examined by GA, the three leading causes of neonatal and infant mortality varied between singletons and twins. Conclusion When stratified by GA, the risk of neonatal and infant mortality was lower at 29 to 36 weeks in twins than in singletons, though the cause of death varied.

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