scholarly journals EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN ON THE LABOUR MARKET – THE GENDER PAY GAP WITHIN THE EU MEMBER STATES

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Ancuţa Stângaciu
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Equality Of Opportunity ◽  
Gender Pay Gap ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Member States ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Indirect Discrimination ◽  
The Eu

The actions taken for the promotion of the equality of opportunity between men and women and for eliminating the direct or the indirect discrimination apply to the field of employment as well as to the field of education, health, culture, information and the participation in the decision making process. Starting from one of the objectives of the Strategy for the equality of opportunity, being aware of the real situation of women participation compared to men participation to the economical and social life, this analysis offers a perspective on the equality of opportunity between men and women in the field of employment, seen based on the statistical data. Thus, in order to quantify this phenomenon using methods specific to the statistical analysis, we used the gender pay gap indicator pertaining to the EU member states per total economy, as well as per economical activities, and the research results show that on the EU level there are still significant gender pay gaps.

scholarly journals Analysis of the perception about the gender pay gap in the EU Member States

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 512-521
Author(s):  
Maria Denisa Vasilescu ◽  
Gina Cristina Dimian ◽  
Amalia Cristescu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Gender Pay Gap ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Wage Earners

Abstract The main aim of the paper is to investigate European Union people’s perceptions on the gender pay gap, concentrating on the differences between countries and social groups. The focus of our analysis is on the following research questions: a) Are people in countries with fewer low-wage earners more aware of the gender pay gap than the others? Are high educated people and older workers more affected by the gender pay inequalities? Descriptive statistics and logistic regression applied on 28093 observations extracted from EUROBAROMETER 87.4 (2017) confirmed the two hypotheses and brought in addition other interesting and somehow conflicting results. Namely, in some of the countries, people’ perceptions are not supported by statistical data. In Luxembourg and Belgium, for example, even though statistical data demonstrate that the gender pay gap is between the lowest among European Union countries the percentage of those who perceives the inequalities is very high, exceeding 70% in both countries. More than that, in certain countries like Romania, a large number of people considers that gender pay gap is an acceptable phenomenon. Our contribution to the literature is two-fold. First, we have analysed the perceptions on gender pay gap of a large number of respondents and correlated with the reality demonstrated by statistical data. Second, we drew the attention to the fact that closing the ‘gender pay gap’ should be a target of public and private policies especially in high-wage countries, whereas in low-wage countries, the policy makers should focus rather on closing the ‘countries pay gap’, i.e. ensuring that wages are brought closer to the European average, with many economic and social benefits (raising living standards of the citizens, reducing poverty and migration and so on).

scholarly journals STANDARDS OF QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICY

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgozhata Kaminska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Member States ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The image of disability in EU societies is changing. On the one hand, statistical data (global and European) indicate an increase in the number of people with disabilities. This is especially true for women, the elderly and the poor. On the other hand, numerous legislative and implementation activities are undertaken to implement the social model in the approach to disability issues. The effectiveness of social and economic policies in the EU member states is expressed by the quality of life of people with disabilities. The article presents the WHO global position on the disability problem and a brief comparative analysis of key statistical data characterising people with disabilities in the EU member states. The EU priorities regarding the standards of functioning of people with disabilities in the objective and subjective dimensions are discussed. The source of the EU’s strategy and activities are international documents: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of 2006 and the Council of Europe Disability Action Plan.

scholarly journals The Priorities and Effectiveness of the European Integration in the Scientific and Technological Sphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
K. V. Petrenko ◽  
◽  
M. V. Kot ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Technological Integration ◽  
The Eu

The article is aimed at studying the theoretical and methodological bases of scientific-technological integration and the effectiveness of the activities of the EU Member States and Ukraine with its prospects for the European integration in this sphere. The methodological basis for this study are scientific works of scholars, statistical data from official websites, normative legal acts in the field of scientific-technological integration of the EU Member States. As a result of the study, the significance of integration processes in the scientific-technological sphere is characterized. The main directions of priority of the European integration in the field of science and technology are defined. The effectiveness of the activities of the EU Member States based on international indices and general indicators of R&D development is analyzed. The current state of scientific-technological sphere in Ukraine is examined. Perspective directions of development of the EU Member States in the field of science and technology and potential of implementation of the European integration reforms in the Ukrainian scientific space are determined. Prospects for further research in this direction are the creation of a multi-aspect strategy for Ukraine’s participation in the European research space, as well as the details of measures to be implemented by the State authorities to ensure sustainable development of society and increase competitiveness on the world stage. Further development of the scientific-technological European integration can lead to the creation of even closer ties between the EU Member States and Ukraine.

scholarly journals Quality of INTRASTAT DATA. Comparison Between the ‘Old’ and the ‘New’ EU Member States

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (341) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Markowicz ◽  
Paweł Baran
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
States Data ◽  
New Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The Intrastat system is used for gathering statistical data on trade in goods between the EU Member States. Data from all the Member States are aggregated by Eurostat. Specifics of the data collection process are different in different countries and that is why mirror data (regarding by default the same transactions revealed in statistics of both the acquirer and supplier country) often do not match. The goal of the analysis conducted was to assess the quality of data on intra‑Community trade in goods between the ‘old’ fifteen and the ‘new’ EU Member States as well as to point out these directions that influenced the observed differences in mirror data the most. The paper is a follow‑up of previous research on the quality of foreign trade data.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of Serbia and the EU member states in the context of networked readiness index values

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (206) ◽  
pp. 45-86
Author(s):  
Jasna Soldic-Aleksic ◽  
Rade Stankic
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays it is generally accepted that information and communication technologies (ICT) are important drivers and ?enabling? technologies that have a broad impact on many sectors of the economy and social life. Therefore, measuring the level of ICT development, their economic and social impact, and the country?s readiness to use them are of great importance. In this paper we present the conceptual framework of the Networked Readiness Index (NRI) proposed by the World Economic Forum, and analyse the relative position of Serbia and its ?distance? from the EU member states in the domain of NRI indicator variables. For this purpose we have applied the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (the SOM algorithm), which provides the visual image, as a virtual map, of observed countries and their groupings. The resulting SOM map indicates that in the complex NRI space, Serbia is located in a group of EU states that includes Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Poland, the Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic. In comparison to other countries, this group shows the poorest performance in the NRI landscape. In addition, our empirical analysis points to the areas in which policy intervention can boost the impact of ICT on Serbian economic development and growth.

BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL BASED ON MORE EFFICIENT LAND USE IN THE EU

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina PILVERE ◽  
Aleksejs NIPERS ◽  
Bartosz MICKIEWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Green Growth ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Key Industries ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Production Resource

Europe 2020 Strategy highlights bioeconomy as a key element for smart and green growth in Europe. Bioeconomy in this case includes agriculture, forestry, fisheries, food and pulp and paper production, parts of chemical, biotechnological and energy industries and plays an important role in the EU’s economy. The growth of key industries of bioeconomy – agriculture and forestry – highly depends on an efficient and productive use of land as a production resource. The overall aim of this paper is to evaluate opportunities for development of the main sectors of bioeconomy (agriculture and forestry) in the EU based on the available resources of land. To achieve this aim, several methods were used – monographic, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, statistical analysis methods. The findings show that it is possible to improve the use of land in the EU Member States. If all the Member States reached the average EU level, agricultural products worth EUR 77 bln would be annually additionally produced, which is 19 % more than in 2014, and an extra 5 billion m3 volume of forest growing stock would be gained, which is 20 % more than in 2010.

THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EU MEMBER STATES

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 634-638
Author(s):  
Joanna Szwacka Mokrzycka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Structure Of Consumption ◽  
The Eu

The objective of this article is to present the standard of living of households in Poland in comparison with other EU member states. The starting point for analysis was the economic condition of Poland against the background of other EU member states. The next step consisted of assessment of the standard of living of inhabitants of individual EU member states on the basis of financial condition of households and the structure of consumption expenditure. It was found that the differences within the EU in terms of economic development and the standard of living of households still remain substantial.

Political aspects of security of the European Union Member States

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kusztykiewicz-Fedurek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Political Security ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Eu

Political security is very often considered through the prism of individual states. In the scholar literature in-depth analyses of this kind of security are rarely encountered in the context of international entities that these countries integrate. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to key aspects of political security in the European Union (EU) Member States. The EU as a supranational organisation, gathering Member States first, ensures the stability of the EU as a whole, and secondly, it ensures that Member States respect common values and principles. Additionally, the EU institutions focus on ensuring the proper functioning of the Eurozone (also called officially “euro area” in EU regulations). Actions that may have a negative impact on the level of the EU’s political security include the boycott of establishing new institutions conducive to the peaceful coexistence and development of states. These threats seem to have a significant impact on the situation in the EU in the face of the proposed (and not accepted by Member States not belonging to the Eurogroup) Eurozone reforms concerning, inter alia, appointment of the Minister of Economy and Finance and the creation of a new institution - the European Monetary Fund.

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