Endurance skills of young team game players

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess physiological-biochemical reactions to incremental exercise loads and the levels and development of endurance skills in young male and female team game players. Material/Methods: The study sample comprised 370 soccer, handball, basketball and volleyball players (186 girls and 184 boys) from the Lower Silesian Regional Teams in Poland, aged 14.20 ±1.37 years (boys) and 13.90 ±1.15 years (girls). The exercise test consisted ofthe shuttle run Beep Test for estimation of aerobic fitness. The assessment of endurance skills was based on the length of the covered distance in the Beep Test as well as on measurements of the heart rate (physiological) and blood lactate concentration (metabolic). Results: Among the four studied groups of players a statistically significant improvement in endurance skills was noted in male volleyball players (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Significantly higher levels of endurance skills in young male handball, basketball and volleyball players and in female volleyball players who remained on the regional teams for two consecutive years may be an indication of the players’ proper selection and training. Significant changes in blood lactate concentration in young players, revealed in both cross-sectional and continuous studies, were only noted in male volleyball players. Significant decreases in the heart rate in the cross-sectional study was found only in male handball and basketball players and in female basketball players, whereas in the continuous study only in male handball players. An assessment of young players’ physiological-biochemical reactions on the basis of exercise test results can effectively enhance the optimization of training loads.

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Análisis de la intensidad de juego durante los partidos de play-off en jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas (Game intensity analysis of wheelchair basketball players during play-off matches)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i30.39660 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 54-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aitor Iturricastillo Urteaga ◽

Javier Yanci Irigoyen ◽

Itziar Barrenetxea Iriondo ◽

Cristina Granados Dominguez

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Tympanic Temperature ◽

Intensity Analysis ◽

Wheelchair Basketball ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Los Grupos

El principal objetivo del estudio fue analizar la intensidad de juego en jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas (BSR) durante los partidos de play-off. En este estudio participaron nueve jugadores masculinos de BSR de primera división (34,8 ± 7,8 años). En total se analizaron seis partidos y los participantes fueron divididos en tres grupos según los minutos jugados: jugadores que jugaron 30-40 minutos (BSR30-40), jugadores que jugaron 20-29 minutos (BSR20-30) y los que jugaron entre 1 segundo y 19 minutos (BSR1-19). Durante todos los partidos se monitorizó la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), y además, se obtuvo la temperatura timpánica y la concentración de lactato sanguíneo antes e inmediatamente después de cada partido. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0,05) en todas las zonas de intensidad entre el grupo BSR30-40 y BSR1-19. Los jugadores BSR30-40 pasaron un 36,4% del tiempo total por encima del 85% de la FCmáx, mientras que los jugadores BSR20-30 y BSR1-19 solo pasaron un 16,1 y un 9,2% del tiempo total. En todos los grupos tanto la temperatura timpánica (1,5-2,0%, P<0,05) como la concentración de lactato (81,1-125,0%, P<0,05) aumentó significativamente. Los resultados obtenidos en nuestro estudio exponen que los jugadores del grupo BSR30-40 pasaron mayor porcentaje de tiempo a alta intensidad (>85% de la FCmáx), con un aumento significativo de la temperatura y la concentración de lactato sanguíneo. Los entrenadores y preparadores físicos deberían tener en cuenta estas diferencias fisiológicas en función de los minutos jugados a la hora de planificar la temporada y los descansos post partido.Abstract. The main objective of the study was to analyze the game intensity in wheelchair basketball players (WB) during play-off matches. This study involved nine WB players of Spanish first division league (34.8 ± 7.8 years). Six play-off matches were analyzed and participants were divided into three groups according to the minutes they had played: players who had played between 30-40 minutes (WB30-40), players who had played between 20-30 minutes (WB20-30) and players who had played between 1 second and 20 minutes (WB1-19). For every game the heart rate (HR) was monitored by telemetry, and in addition, the tympanic temperature and blood lactate concentration samples were obtained before and immediately after each match. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in all intensity zones between WB30-40 and WB1-19 groups. The WB30-40 players spent 36.4% of the total time over 85% of maximum HR, while WB20-30 and WB1-19 players only spent 16.1 and 9.2% of the total time. Moreover, in all groups both tympanic temperature (from 1.5 to 2.0%, P<0.05) and lactate concentration (81.1 to 125.0%, P <0.05) increased significantly. The game intensity monitored by HR is different for WB players according to the minutes they had played (WB30-40, WB20-30 and WB1-19). The results of our study showed that the WB30-40 group obtained higher percentage of time spent at high intensity (> 85% of maximum HR) than other groups, with a significant increase in body temperature and blood lactate concentration. Coaches and physical trainers should be aware of these physiological differences when planning the season and post-match sessions.

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Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and time–motion analysis of female basketball players during competition

Journal of Sports Sciences ◽

10.1080/02640410902926420 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 813-821 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Dionne Matthew ◽

Anne Delextrat

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Motion Analysis ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Time Motion

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Relationship between Resting and Recovery Heart Rate in Horses

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10010120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

Arno Lindner ◽

Martina Esser ◽

Ramón López ◽

Federico Boffi

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Recovery Heart Rate ◽

Fair Competition ◽

Significant Relationships ◽

The Relationship

In endurance racing the heart rate (HR) of horses in the veterinary gates has to reach a maximum set to continue racing. There is no literature on the relationship between resting HR (HRresting) and HR after exercise (HRrecovery). This relationship was examined in seven horses and the results were related to their v4 (speed at which the blood lactate concentration is 4 mmol/L). Horses were submitted to an exercise test to determine v4. Thereafter, horses were exercised on a treadmill in randomized order for 10 and 60 min at different speeds. HR was measured before exercise and several times until 30 min of recovery. The relationship between HRresting and HRrecovery was significant in 16 out of 35 comparisons. There were no significant relationships between the v4 of the horses and their HRresting and between v4 and HRrecovery after 10 min of exercise, regardless of the speed of exercise, with one exception. The relationship between the v4 of the horses and their HRrecovery after 60 min of exercise was significant in the fifth minute after exercise at 3.5 m/s only. Conclusion: Because HRresting and HRrecovery are often related, pre-determined arbitrary HRrecovery values may not allow for fair competition during endurance racing.

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Effects of Commercial Isotonic Sports Drinks during Intermittent Exertion

International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science ◽

10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.7n.1p.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Sebastian Zart ◽

Michael Fröhlich

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Water Mixture ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sports Drinks ◽

The Impact

Background: Carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks support performance and recovery during athletic activities. The impact of these isotonic drinks is usually verified by means of placebos without energy. Objective: We checked the extent to which commercial sports drinks may be superior to a syrup–water mixture, similar in calorific value, during an intermittent exertion. Method: In a cross-sectional study, three homogeneously parallelized groups, including a total of 35 test subjects, performed full-strain endurance and speed tests (5,000 m, 3,000 m, 1,500 m, 800 m, 400 m, and 200 m). During the rest intervals, isocaloric drinks with the same CHO (6,66–7,0 g), but different sugar (ISO1: 2,46 g; ISO2: 5,6 g; syrup: 6,7 g) and electrolyte content were given in a randomized way. The parameters of running performance, body weight, rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration were analyzed. Results: Over the distances (p≥0.10), the results did not show any ergogenic effect of the isotonic drinks in comparison with the syrup–water mixture. There were also no significant differences in terms of rates of perceived exertion (p≥0.26) and the physiological parameters of heart rate (p≥0.30) and blood lactate (p≥0.18) among the groups. Conclusion: During intermittent and repetitive exertion below 30 minutes, homemade energy drinks exhibited the same effects as commercial sports drinks.

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Effects of a 2-km Swim on Markers of Cycling Performance in Elite Age-Group Triathletes

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7040082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Jeffrey Rothschild ◽

George H. Crocker

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Peak Power ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Cycling Performance ◽

Age Group

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 2-km swim on markers of subsequent cycling performance in well-trained, age-group triathletes. Fifteen participants (10 males, five females, 38.3 ± 8.4 years) performed two progressive cycling tests between two and ten days apart, one of which was immediately following a 2-km swim (33.7 ± 4.1 min). Cycling power at 4-mM blood lactate concentration decreased after swimming by an average of 3.8% (p = 0.03, 95% CI −7.7, 0.2%), while heart rate during submaximal cycling (220 W for males, 150 W for females) increased by an average of 4.0% (p = 0.02, 95% CI 1.7, 9.7%), compared to cycling without prior swimming. Maximal oxygen consumption decreased by an average of 4.0% (p = 0.01, 95% CI −6.5, −1.4%), and peak power decreased by an average of 4.5% (p < 0.01, 95% CI −7.3, −2.3%) after swimming, compared to cycling without prior swimming. Results from this study suggest that markers of submaximal and maximal cycling are impaired following a 2-km swim.

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