scholarly journals A violência da religião

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (308) ◽  
pp. 802-836
Author(s):  
Konrad Körner
Keyword(s):  
Religious Violence ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Ideal Behavior ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Ideal

Síntese: “Religião e Violência” é um tema muito discutido. A pergunta principal é se a própria religião é violenta. Tenta-se, primeiro, distinguir entre agressividade e violência para, então, chegar-se à conclusão que é principalmente o narcisismo que torna a religião violenta. A religião é entendida como sistema de saberes, que precisam ser atuados repetidamente em rituais e determinam o comportamento ideal dos seus seguidores. Sendo a religião estruturada pelo narcisismo, ela é violenta. A Bíblia comprova-o, tanto no AT quanto no NT, bem como a história do cristianismo. A superação da violência religiosa acontece na celebração eucarística, uma vez que, de fato, ela é caracterizada como terapia comunitária.Palavras-chave: Religião. Violência. Agressividade. Narcisismo.Abstract: “Religion and Violence” is a subject which is a lot discussed. The main question about it is whether religion itself is violent. It is first tried to distinguish between aggressiveness and violence to, then, be concluded that it is narcissism what primarily turns religion violent. Religion is comprehended as a system of knowledge, which must be repeatedly acted out in rituals, and which determine the ideal behavior of its followers. Being religion structured by narcissism it is violent. Such prove the Bible in the OT and the NT, as well as the history of Christianism. The religious violence overcoming happens in the Eucharistic celebration that is, in fact, characterized as community therapy.Keywords: Religion. Violence. Aggressiviness. Narcissism.

scholarly journals Chrześcijaństwo pozakonfesjonalne i Søren Kierkegaard

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
KAROL TOEPLITZ
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Ideal

According to Søren Kierkegaard, the development of Christianity is a history of going away from it, or at least of mitigating the criteria of belonging to it. Dane proposes two models of the trans confessional faith: (1) The recognition of the earthly life of Jesus Christ, of his death and resurrection, and nothing more. (2) The recognition of the faith as that which was defi ned above in the fi rst point and, additionally, on this basis of the choice of the Bible, which is possible as the secondary act related to the faith but not as its starting point. Moreover, all the interpretations of the beyond-confessional faith should be subjectively considered by a single individual. Kierkegaard mentions here some mystical elements. All the religious relationships should be personal in character. As far as the questions of faith and reason are concerned, the standpoint of Paulinism – either/or – is binding. Kierkegaard demands that the existing churches recognise themselves as representing the mitigated forms of Christianity; otherwise they have to undergo criticism. For him, the fi rst two centuries of the existence of Christianity are the ideal ones, and the personal model is the „witness of the truth”, of which he gives the detailed description. The increasing phenomenon of the trans-confessional faith has its roots in the civilisational changes (the secularization) as well as in the intensive manifestation, in the history of Christianity, of the practices which are inconsistent with the biblical background.

The Use and Misuse of Religious Language: Zionism and the Palestinians

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Title Deed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Land Question

Every discipline which deals with the land question in Canaan-Palestine-Israel is afflicted by the problem of specialisation. The political scientist and historian usually discuss the issue of land in Israel purely in terms of interethnic and international relations, biblical scholars concentrate on the historical and archaeological question with virtually no reference to ethics, and scholars of human rights usually evade the question of God. What follows is an attempt, through theology and political history, to understand the history of the Israel-Palestine land question in a way which respects the complexity of the question. From a scrutiny of the language used in the Bible to the development of political Zionism from the late 19th century it is possible to see the way in which a secular movement mobilised the figurative language of religion into a literal ‘title deed’ to the land of Palestine signed by God.

How the Bible Feels

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorina Miller Parmenter
Keyword(s):  
Affect Theory ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Bodily Harm ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Christian Leaders ◽  
Christian History

Despite Christian leaders’ insistence that what is important about the Bible are the messages of the text, throughout Christian history the Bible as a material object, engaged by the senses, frequently has been perceived to be an effective object able to protect its users from bodily harm. This paper explores several examples where Christians view their Bibles as protective shields, and will situate those interpretations within the history of the material uses of the Bible. It will also explore how recent studies in affect theory might add to the understanding of what is communicated through sensory engagement with the Bible.

HIGHER EDUCATION IN ANCIENT INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyendra Singh Chahar ◽  
Nirmal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
University Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Method ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Herbert Spencer ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Ideal

University education -on almost modern lines existed in India as early as 800 B.C. or even earlier. The learning or culture of ancient India was chiefly the product of her hermitages in the solitude of the forests. It was not of the cities. The learning of the forests was embodied in the books specially designated as Aranyakas "belonging to the forests." The ideal of education has been very grand, noble and high in ancient India. Its aimaccording to Herbert Spencer is the 'training for completeness of life' and ‘the molding o character of men and women for the battle of life’. The history of the educational institutions in ancient India shows a glorious dateline of her cultural history. It points to a long history altogether. In the early stage it was rural, not urban. British Sanskrit scholar Arthur Anthony Macdonell says "Some hundreds of years must have been needed for all that is found" in her culture. The aim of education was at the manifestation of the divinity in men, it touches the highest point of knowledge. In order to attain the goal the whole educational method is based on plain living and high thinking pursued through eternity.

‘Limping, Yet Made to Climb a Mountain!’ Re-Reading the Vashti Character in the Hiv And Aids South African Context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madipoane Masenya (Ngwan’A Mphahlele)
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
External Factor ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
African Women ◽  
South African Context ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Context

The history of the Christian Bible’s reception in South Africa was part of a package that included among others, the importation of European patriarchy, land grabbing and its impoverishment of Africans and challenged masculinities of African men. The preceding factors, together with the history of the marginalization of African women in bible and theology, and how the Bible was and continues to be used in our HIV and AIDS contexts, have only made the proverbial limping animal to climb a mountain. Wa re o e bona a e hlotša, wa e nametša thaba (while limping, you still let it climb a mountain) simply means that a certain situation is being aggravated (by an external factor). In this chapter the preceding Northern Sotho proverb is used as a hermeneutical lens to present an HIV and AIDS gender sensitive re-reading of the Vashti character in the Hebrew Bible within the South African context.

Staging Romance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Publicover
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Early Modern Theatre ◽  
Spatial Grammar ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter explores the mostly overlooked history of romance on the early modern stage. Analysing the geographies of two little-known plays, Clyomon and Clamydes (1580s?) and Guy of Warwick (early 1590s?), it argues that, in its imaginative openness and its flexible staging of space, the early modern theatre was the ideal environment in which to stage romance’s extravagant spatial and ethnographical imaginings. Further, the chapter demonstrates how a theatrical tradition of clowning enabled these late-Elizabethan dramas to contest the values of the very romance-worlds they had established. It closes with a fresh reading of Francis Beaumont’s parody of romance, The Knight of the Burning Pestle, arguing that the play satirizes dramatic romance’s spatial grammar as well as its narrative strategies.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk van Miert
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
The Bible ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
History Of

In the conclusion, the intrinsic deconstructive power of philology is contrasted with external pressures moving philology in different political and religious directions. The positions of the main protagonists differed widely, but they show that the less they were institutionalized, the more freedom they had to present unorthodox theories. As in the case of natural science, biblical philology was a handmaiden of theology, but it could also be used against certain theologies. In the end, the accumulation of evidence regarding the history of the Bible and the transmission of its texts, could not fail to impinge on the authority of Scripture. The problems in the transmission of the biblical text were widely discussed in the decade leading up to the publication of the Theological-political Treatise. Readers of Spinoza were already familiar with the type of reasoning which Spinoza employed in the central chapters of his notorious work.

Presbyterian Preaching

2019 ◽  
pp. 506-523
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Long
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
New School ◽  
Intellectual Content ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Korean Presbyterian ◽  
Early Expression ◽  
History Of ◽  
School Conflict

Presbyterian preaching grew from roots in the Reformation, particularly the Calvinist wing. The fullest early expression of the character of Presbyterian preaching is in the Westminster Standards, documents produced in England by an assembly of Calvinist clergy and laymen in the mid-seventeenth century. These documents described the key qualities of Reformed, and thus Presbyterian, preaching: sermons grounded in the Bible, containing significant doctrinal content, and aimed at teaching and edifying congregants.The authors of the Westminster Standards prescribed preaching that was substantive and lively, filled with biblical and doctrinal content, and touched the hearts of hearers. Throughout the history of Presbyterian preaching, however, these twin goals were often difficult to attain. This tension between intellectual, content-centered preaching and more emotional, experience-centered preaching among Presbyterian is evident in such events as the Old Side–New Side controversy in the mid-1700s and the Old School–New School conflict from 1837 to 1869 (both in America), in Scottish Presbyterian preaching in the early nineteenth century, and in Korean Presbyterian preaching during the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twentieth century.Today as many Presbyterian preachers use digital media and conversational-style sermons, a strong desire continues for preaching that is clear, deeply theological and biblical, impassioned, and relevant.

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