Additive biomass model for Heritiera fomes (Buch.-Hum.) in the Sundarbans Reserved Forest, Bangladesh

Mangrove forests play a global role in providing ecosystem goods and services in addition to acting as carbon sinks, and are particularly vulnerable to climate change effects such as rising sea levels and increased salinity. For this reason, accurate long-term monitoring of mangrove ecosystems is vital. However, these ecosystems are extremely dynamic and data frequency is often reduced by cloud cover. The Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) method has the potential to overcome this by utilising every available observation on a per-pixel basis to build stable season-trend models of the underlying phenology. These models can then be used for land cover classification and to determine greening and browning trends. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, CCDC was applied to a 30-year time series of Landsat data covering an area of mangrove forest known as the Sundarbans. Spanning the delta formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna river systems, the Sundarbans is the largest contiguous mangrove forest in the world. CCDC achieved an overall classification accuracy of 94.5% with a 99% confidence of being between 94.2% and 94.8%. Results showed that while mangrove extent in the Sundarbans has remained stable, around 25% of the area experienced an overall negative trend, probably due to the effect of die-back on Heritiera fomes. In addition, dates and magnitudes of change derived from CCDC were used to investigate damage and recovery from a major cyclone; 11% of the Sundarbans was found to have been affected by Cyclone Sidr in 2007, 47.6% of which had not recovered by mid-2018. The results indicate that while the Sundarbans forest is resilient to cyclone events, the long-term degrading effects of climate change could reduce this resilience to critical levels. The proposed methodology, while computationally expensive, also offers means by which the full Landsat archive can be analyzed and interpreted and should be considered for global application to mangrove monitoring.

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Nature and Periodicity of Growth Rings in two Bangladeshi Mangrove Species

IAWA Journal ◽

10.1163/22941932-90000185 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 265-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Md. Qumruzzaman Chowdhury ◽

Nele Schmitz ◽

Anouk Verheydens ◽

Ute Sass-Klaassen ◽

Nico Koedam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Tree Age ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Mangrove Species ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Complex Interactions ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

The Sundarbans

Nature and periodicity of growth rings were investigated in Sonneratia apetala and Heritiera fomes, two Bangladeshi mangrove species. From both species we collected three stem discs in the natural forest reserve of the Sundarbans. In addition, three discs were sampled from plantation- grown S. apetala trees of known age. Sanded stem discs revealed distinct growth rings but no periodic fluctuations in vessel variables (vessel density, vessel diameter, vessel grouping), which were measured at high resolution along a transect from pith to bark. The number of growth rings in plantation-grown S. apetala trees corresponded with the documented tree age, hence strongly suggesting the growth rings to be annual. Within species, the annual nature of the rings was further supported by a good match between the tree-ring series. The similar mean curves of S. apetala and H. fomes, growing at the same site in the Sundarbans, pointed to the presence of an external factor influencing their growth. A combination of precipitation and temperature was suggested influencing substrate salinity and phenological events. It became evident that tree-ring research in combination with the analysis of vessel patterns is a valuable tool to further investigate the complex interactions between tree growth and site ecology in mangrove forests.

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Molecular identification and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Heritiera fomes (Buch. -Ham), a mangrove plant of the Sundarbans

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43088-020-00081-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tauhidur Rahman Nurunnabi ◽

Sabiha Sarwar ◽

Farah Sabrin ◽

Farzana Alam ◽

Lutfun Nahar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Nucleotide Sequence Data ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

The Sundarbans

Abstract Background Endophytic fungi play a vital role in plant defense system by secreting various antimicrobial agents. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungi of the mangrove plant Heritiera fomes (Buch. -Ham), plants were collected from the Sundarbans, Bangladesh. The endophytic fungi were subsequently isolated and identified. Results Fifty-five endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves, root, and bark of H. fomes (Buch. -Ham). Genomic DNA was extracted for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) by specific primers to multiply ITS region and sequences were determined. Nucleotide sequence data were submitted to the Genbank and accession number for each fungal strain was obtained. Antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanolic extracts of eleven species from both fermentation and mycelium, respectively, were analyzed by microtiter plate-based antimicrobial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth against two Gram-positive bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 12981 and Micrococcus luteus NCTC 7508, two Gram-negative bacteria namely Escherichia coli NCTC 12241 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 12903, and a fungus Candida albicans ATCC 90028. All the endophytic fungal extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities against more than one-tested pathogenic microbial strains. Overall, methanolic extracts showed greater activity than EtOAc extracts. Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, Pestalotiopsis microspora, and Penicillium copticola were the most active endophytic fungal strains and exhibited strong inhibitory activity against the microorganisms under investigation and their MIC values ranged from 0.0024 to 5.0 mg/mL. Methanolic extracts of both P. camelliae-sinensis and P. microspora showed the highest antibacterial activity (MIC value of 0.0024 mg/mL) against P. aeruginosa NCTC 12903. Conclusion This study showed that the isolated and identified endophytic fungi from H. fomes (Buch. -Ham) could be potential sources of antimicrobial agents.

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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Heritiera fomes (Buch.-Ham), a mangrove plant of the Sundarbans

Advances in Traditional Medicine ◽

10.1007/s13596-019-00401-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 189-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md. Emdadul Islam ◽

Kazi Mohammed Didarul Islam ◽

Md. Morsaline Billah ◽

Rana Biswas ◽

Md. Hossain Sohrab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

The Sundarbans

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Leaf morphological and anatomical plasticity in Sundri (Heritiera fomes Buch.-Ham.) along different canopy light and salinity zones in the Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh

Global Ecology and Conservation ◽

10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01127 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. e01127

Author(s):

Md. Nabiul Islam Khan ◽

Selina Khatun ◽

Md. Salim Azad ◽

Abdus Subhan Mollick

Keyword(s):

Mangrove Forest ◽

Anatomical Plasticity ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

Sundarbans Mangrove ◽

The Sundarbans

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Phenological Traits, Litterfall Production, and Carbon Sequestration Rates of Major Three Species in the Sundarbans

10.21203/rs.3.rs-97339/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Kamruzzaman ◽

Sumonta Kumar Paul

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Reproductive Phenology ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Mangrove Species ◽

Litterfall Production ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

Sundarbans Mangrove ◽

The Sundarbans

Abstract BackgroundAttempt to compare the phonological pattern of the three mangrove species: Heritiera fomes, Bruguiera sexangula, and Xylocapus mekongensis in the Sundarbans mangrove forest by observing the litterfall data over 3 years.ResultsAll these three species showed highest litterfall of leaves and stipules in summer and lowest in winter. In case of B. sexangula, it also showed its second peak of leaves litterfall in the rainy season. Branch litterfall for the three species was occurred all over the year without having a distinct seasonal pattern. Flowering was observed in February – June and March - May for H. fomes and X. mekomgensis, respectively. Fruiting was observed for H. fomes and X. mekongensis in between the month of March – May and April – June respectively. Peak of mature fruit or seed litterfall was observed in July and August for both H. fomes and X. mekongensis respectively. Litterfall of flower buds, flowers and propagule for B. sexangula was observed throughout the year and peak flower buds, flowers, and propagule litterfall was found in the month of January, March, and July respectively. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance showed that all the organs of litterfall were concordant during the study period. Autocorrelation coefficient revealed that all the parts of litterfall followed a clear annual cycle except branches. Mean total litterfall was calculated 1014.6±12.7 g m-2 year-1 for H. fomes, 1047.3±21.3 g m-2 year-1 for X. mekongensis and 1640.2±14.1 g m-2 year-1 for B. sexangula of which leaves litterfall contributed more than 50% of total litterfall for all the three species. H. fomes, B. sexangula and X. mekongensis none of them exhibit any correlation between stipules litterfall and reproductive organs litterfall.ConclusionThe findings may contribute to an understanding of vegetative and reproductive phenology, litterfall production, and carbon sequestration rate of the major mangrove species in Sundarbans mangrove forests, and also its role in global C budgets.

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Climatic Signals in Tree Rings of Heritiera fomes Buch.-Ham. in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0149788 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e0149788 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Md. Qumruzzaman Chowdhury ◽

Maaike De Ridder ◽

Hans Beeckman

Keyword(s):

Tree Rings ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

Climatic Signals ◽

The Sundarbans

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Ecology of Sundarban, Bangladesh

Journal of Science Foundation ◽

10.3329/jsf.v8i1-2.14618 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1-2) ◽

pp. 35-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

MR Rahman ◽

M Asaduzzaman

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Sea Water ◽

Demersal Fish ◽

Adjacent Area ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Tidal Waves ◽

Excoecaria Agallocha ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

Monitor Lizard ◽

The Sundarbans

Sundarban is the largest mangrove wetland in the world. It covers an area of about 1mha, of which 60% is located in Bangladesh and the remaining western portion, comprising 40%, lies in India. Mangrove ecosystems are of great ecological significance in the tropical and sub-tropical coast. They protect our coast from heavy wind, tidal waves, coastal erosion and sea water intrusion, generate substantial quantities of fishery resources and provide many useful forestry products. The Sundarban ecosystem supports rich fisheries diversity. This ecosystem support 27 families and 53 species of pelagic fish, 49 families 124 species of demersal fish, 5 families and 24 species of shrimps, 3 families and 7 species of crabs, 8 species of lobster. A total 334 plants, 165 algal, 13 special orchids, 17 fern, 87 monocotyledon and 230 dicotyledon belonging to 245 genera and 75 families from the sundarbans and adjacent area are found available. The principal tree species is Sundry (Heritiera fomes) which covers about 73% to total landmass and the second species is Gewa (Excoecaria agallocha) which covers about 16% of total forest area. The plant species include 35 legumes, 29 grasses, 19 sedges, and 18 euphorbias. Of the 50 true mangrove plant species recorded throughout the globe, the Sundarbans alone contain 35 species. The magnificent among the animals on land is Royal Bengal Tiger, Spotted deer, barking deer and wild boars are there in plenty. Besides those jungle cats, fishing cat, civet cat, monkey, bengal fox, jackle, water monitor, monitor lizard and snakes are important faunal spp. Moreover, abundant of the Sundarbans are purple heron, pond heron, cattle egret, little egret, open billed stork, smaller adjutant stork, brahmini kite, spotted dove, rose ringed parakeet, crow pheasant, wood pecker, bee eater, drongo, pide myna, jungle myna, bulbul, tailor bird, magpie robin, sparrow etc., Otherwise, recorded that wild Buffalo, 2 species of deer, javan rhinoceros extinct and presently 2 species of amphibians, 14 species of reptiles 25 species of birds and 5 species of mammals are considered as endangered species. This paper is to produce a new assessment of the mangroves ecology of Sundarbans. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v8i1-2.14618 J. Sci. Foundation, 8(1&2): 35-47, June-December 2010

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