scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Wild Isolate of Newcastle Disease Virus from Broiler Farm in Diyala Province: Virological and Histopathological Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Amer Khazaal Al-Azawy
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Hyperimmune Serum ◽  
Virulent Isolate ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Viral Vaccine

     A broiler poultry farm of six weeks old, vaccinated with LaSota Newcastle disease virus vaccine. The flock was infected with a virulent Newcastle disease virus with mortality rate up to 90%. Newcastle disease virus was isolated from infected birds in embryonated chicken eggs and identified by haemagglutination inhibition test using hyperimmune serum prepared against LaSota viral vaccine. Median Death Time, Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index and Intravenous Pathogenicity Index proved that the virus was a virulent viscerotropic isolate. In experimental infection, broilers were vaccinated twice with LaSota strain, the level of anti-Newcastle disease virus IgG was checked by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test pre and post vaccination and the birds were challenged with the same isolated virulent isolate at 35 days old, the virus was inoculated by oral and nostril routs. The challenge virus produced the same sever clinical signs and the mortality rate reached up to 70%. Tissue samples were collected from intestine, kidneys, lung, trachea, spleen, liver, and the brain of the experimentally infected broilers, they showed sever pathological changes. It seems that vaccination with commercial available vaccine could not produce enough protection against virulent circulating Newcastle disease virus strains, accordingly preparation of viral vaccine from local virulent isolate is recommended after attenuation or inactivation.

scholarly journals Clinical Evaluation of Hyperimmune Serum for the Treatment of Newcastle Disease in Indigenous Layer Birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MS Parvin ◽  
J Akhter ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
MP Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hyperimmune Serum ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sick Bird

The efficacy of hyperimmune serum for the treatment of Newcastle disease (ND) was evaluated in indigenous birds. A total of 20 indigenous birds (3 to 4 months old) were divided into three groups, namely group A (n = 9), B (n = 8) and C (n = 3). Birds of all the groups were infected orally with 0.2 mL (106.5EID50/0.1 mL) of virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Birds of group A were treated with hyperimmune serum (raised in chickens against NDV) @ 2 mL/bird IM after 6 hours of infection before commencement of clinical signs. Birds of group B received two doses of hyperimmune serum, first @ 2 mL/bird IV after commencement of clinical signs and second @ 3 mL/bird IM 5 hours after first dosing. Birds of group C served as infected control. Birds of group A did not show any clinical signs of ND except one (11%). However, the only sick bird recovered after one repeat dosing of 1 mL hyperimmune serum. In group B, 87.5% birds survived with two birds having nervous signs. Therefore, it may be concluded that hyperimmune sera was effective in preventing morbidity and mortality due to ND in birds when administered before or after commencement of the clinical signs. However, it is needed to conduct a field trial to explore the efficacy of hyperimmune sera raised both in chickens and rabbits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19103 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 79 - 84, 2013

scholarly journals Thymic transcriptome analysis after Newcastle disease virus inoculation in chickens and the influence of host small RNAs on NDV replication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangxing Guo ◽  
Zhaokun Mu ◽  
Furong Nie ◽  
Xuanniu Chang ◽  
Haitao Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Immune Genes ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Chicken Thymus ◽  
Innate Immune Genes

AbstractNewcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a contagious viral disease affecting various birds and poultry worldwide. In this project, differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were identified by high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in chicken thymus at 24, 48, 72 or 96 h post LaSota NDV vaccine injection versus pre-inoculation group. The vital terms or pathways enriched by vaccine-influenced genes were tested through KEGG and GO analysis. DE genes implicated in innate immunity were preliminarily screened out through GO, InnateDB and Reactome Pathway databases. The interaction networks of DE innate immune genes were established by STRING website. Considering the high expression of gga-miR-6631-5p across all the four time points, DE circRNAs or mRNAs with the possibility to bind to gga-miR-6631-5p were screened out. Among DE genes that had the probability to interact with gga-miR-6631-5p, 7 genes were found to be related to innate immunity. Furthermore, gga-miR-6631-5p promoted LaSota NDV replication by targeting insulin induced gene 1 (INSIG1) in DF-1 chicken fibroblast cells. Taken together, our data provided the comprehensive information about molecular responses to NDV LaSota vaccine in Chinese Partridge Shank Chickens and elucidated the vital roles of gga-miR-6631-5p/INSIG1 axis in LaSota NDV replication.

scholarly journals High Genetic Diversity of Newcastle Disease Virus in Wild and Domestic Birds in Northeastern China from 2013 to 2015 Reveals Potential Epidemic Trends

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1530-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingze Zhang ◽  
Guangyao Xie ◽  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Lili Ai ◽  
Yanyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Class I ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Domestic Birds

ABSTRACTNewcastle disease (ND), caused by the virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is one of the most important viral diseases of birds globally, but little is currently known regarding enzootic trends of NDV in northeastern China, especially for class I viruses. Thus, we performed a surveillance study for NDV in northeastern China from 2013 to 2015. A total 755 samples from wild and domestic birds in wetlands and live bird markets (LBMs) were collected, and 10 isolates of NDV were identified. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses showed that five isolates from LBMs belong to class I subgenotype 1b, two (one from wild birds and one from LBMs) belong to the vaccine-like class II genotype II, and three (all from wild birds) belong to class II subgenotype Ib. Interestingly, the five class I isolates had epidemiological connections with viruses from southern, eastern, and southeastern China. Our findings, together with recent prevalence trends of class I and virulent class II NDV in China, suggest possible virus transmission between wild and domestic birds and the potential for an NDV epidemic in the future.

scholarly journals High-level expression of a foreign gene from the most 3′-proximal locus of a recombinant Newcastle disease virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1729-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuhui Huang ◽  
Sateesh Krishnamurthy ◽  
Aruna Panda ◽  
Siba K. Samal
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Vaccine Vector ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Nucleocapsid Protein Gene ◽  
High Level

A previous report showed that insertion of a foreign gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) between the HN and L genes of the full-length cDNA of a virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) yielded virus with growth retardation and attenuation. The NDV vector used in that study was pathogenic to chickens; it is therefore not suitable for use as a vaccine vector. In the present study, an avirulent NDV vector was generated and its potential to express CAT protein was evaluated. The CAT gene was under the control of NDV transcriptional start and stop signals and was inserted immediately before the open reading frame of the viral 3′-proximal nucleocapsid protein gene. A recombinant NDV expressing CAT activity at a high level was recovered. The replication and pathogenesis of the CAT-expressing recombinant NDV were not modified significantly. These results indicate the potential utility of an avirulent NDV as a vaccine vector.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated from a Clinically Healthy Exotic Parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus) in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wajid ◽  
Asma Basharat ◽  
Taseer Ahmed Khan ◽  
Muhammad Wasim ◽  
Shafqat Fatima Rehmani
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Melopsittacus Undulatus ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus

ABSTRACT The complete genome sequence of a virulent Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) strain isolated from an exotic parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus) is described here. The virulent strain parakeet/Pak/R-Pindi/SFR-16/2016 was isolated from a bird reared as a pet in the province of Punjab in the northern region of Pakistan in 2016. Phylogenetic analysis classified the isolate as a member of NDV class II, subgenotype VIIi, in genotype VII.

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus in Layers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Bordoloi ◽  
Anju Nayak ◽  
A.P. Singh ◽  
R.V. Singh ◽  
Kajal Jadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
F Gene ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) in spite of the availability of vaccines remains a constant threat to poultry producers worldwide. It is prevalent in Indian subcontinent and leads to economic losses. The present study was aimed with isolate and identify virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in layer poultry from field outbreaks.Methods: Total 47 samples consisting of nasal (05), oropharyngeal (13) and cloacal swabs (11) and tissue samples consisting of trachea (07), lungs (06), larynx (05) were collected from layer birds. For isolation of NDV swab and tissue samples were inoculated in 9-11 days old embryonated eggs via allantoic cavity route. After preparing the viral inoculum, 47 suspected samples (29 swab and 18 tissue samples) were inoculated in 141 embryonated eggs to isolate the virus.Result: Out of 47 samples 10 (21.27%) samples were positive for HA activity. All the 10 isolates showing HA activity subjected to Reverse-Transcriptase PCR of F gene and 6 were found positive in RT-PCR for F1 gene. The PCR amplified product showed amplicon at 356 bp and 254 bp positive for F1 and F2 gene, respectively. On basis of F gene, 06 (50%) isolates were considered as virulent Newcastle Disease Virus. One isolate sequence was submitted at NCBI with accession MT890653 On phylogenetic analysis MT890653 designated as Class II/ genotype II/ virulent strain and had the motif 112R-R-R-K-R-F117 at the cleavage site of the fusion protein.

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