scholarly journals Estimates of Noncorporate Private Saving in Pakistan: 1949-1962

1964 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Lewis, Jr. ◽  
Mohammad Irshad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Development Economics ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
Planning Commission ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Private Saving ◽  
Ment Policy ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Entire Economy

This paper presents some partial and preliminary estimates of saving of the noncorporate private sector of the Pakistan economy. It is a part of a joint effort to make some more detailed estimates of saving for the entire economy, in which the Institute of Development Economics has been cooperating. It is hoped that more complete estimates for the whole economy will be available in the near future, but due to the importance of saving in the economic develop¬ment policy and planning, we feel it is worthwhile to present the data and analysis for this sector. There are estimates of saving in Pakistan for the period 1955/56 to the present, but these have been calculated in a very indirect manner, and they present no breakdown as to the sources of saving by sector. The procedure followed in the Planning-Commission estimates in the Mid-Plan Review1 was to estimate gross investment and to deduct from gross investment all "deve¬lopment imports" financed from abroad. As has been pointed out by John H. Power in his evaluation of the Mid-Plan Review, this method of estimating domestic saving is incorrect2, and he has presented some adjusted figures for the first two years of the Second Plan. The Planning-Commission estimation pro¬cedure, even if the proper definitions are used, is likely to result in serious errors in the volume of gross saving, and it does not give any information on the sources of domestic saving.

Local Government Contracting with The Private Sector

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Patricia S. Florestano
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Government Contracting ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Near Future

A contemporary exploration of the concept of “private sector delivery of public services” is necessitated by the fiscal “facts of life” prevalent in most local jurisdictions today. Documentation of the mounting costs of local government is readily available. All informed projections suggest that because of inflation and increased labor costs, this spiralina increase will not level off in the near future.

scholarly journals A Study of Training and Development at Private Educational Institutions- with special reference to Malwa Region- Punjab

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Rupinder Kaur ◽  
Niti Prabhakar
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Entire Economy

This paper addresses the main issues of training and development for private sector particularly educational institutions. This Paper has been made to understand how training and development in private educational Institutions make a difference in the working style of employees. The involvement of the private sector to foster the improvement of the workforce can affect the entire economy. The operations of the companies in the formulation and implementation of the training is having its own potential to grow as a strategy. This provided opportunity to the professionals deserves an upgrading approach into their skills and to their careers. The paper is based on the author’s personal experience with more than 100 different training activities. The author has also had in-depth conversations with hundreds of employees and employers of private educational institutions.

scholarly journals Inaugural Address

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (4I) ◽  
pp. 327-329
Author(s):  
Syed Naveed Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Development Economics ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Inaugural Address ◽  
Planning Commission ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Past ◽  
Deputy Chairman

Dr Ishfaq Ahmad, Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, Dr Rashid Amjad, President, Pakistan Society of Development Economists, Dr G. M. Arif, Secretary Pakistan Society of Development Economists, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen! It is indeed a privilege and honour to address this distinguished gathering of economists and social scientists. Over the years the Annual Conference of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists has become one of the leading events on the calendar of meetings where experts from various disciplines discuss cutting edge issues that confront developing economies in general and Pakistan’s economy in particular. I want to especially congratulate the Society and the President on completing 25 years as it celebrates its Silver Jubilee. I am very happy that the founding President, Prof. Dr Nawab Haider Naqvi is with us today and that some of the past Presidents are also present. The Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, the home of the Society, also needs to be congratulated for holding such conferences on an annual and regular basis. I am very happy that this meeting as in the past is being attended by internationally acclaimed economists and academics from both within and outside the country. I am especially heartened to see that students of economics from all over Pakistan have been especially invited to attend this meeting.

scholarly journals Our Perspectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 589-592
Author(s):  
Jian-Jia Chen ◽  
Joerg Henkel
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
German Research Foundation ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Special Priority ◽  
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ◽  
Design Challenges ◽  
Priority Program

AbstractResearch and development in the last decades have led to a silicon process that has been expected to become inherently undependable in the near future when migrating towards new technologies. The special priority program (SPP) 1500 funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) in 2010–2016 and the Variability Expedition funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) in 2010–2015 made a joint effort to explore design challenges of Power Consumption, Reliability, Interference, and Manufacturability under such a design requirement.

scholarly journals Connection between Saving, Investment and Economic Growth of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Swami Prasad Saxena ◽  
Akanksha Singh Fouzdar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Directed Growth ◽  
The Relationship

This paper scrutinizes the relationship between gross domestic saving, gross capital formation and economic growth in India during a period from 1992 to 2018. The results of cointegration analysis reveal that there is a long-run relationship between selected variables; however, the observations from the results of the Granger causality test indicate a positive relationship between saving, investment and economic growth in India. The findings explicate that saving and investment directed growth is coming from the private sector.

Tourism in Nigeria: new policy and planning directions needed for a neglected sector.

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Peter U. C. Dieke ◽  
Nneoma G. Ololo ◽  
Afamefuna P. Eyisi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
Future Growth

Abstract This chapter reflects on a neglected export sector in the Nigerian economy, that of tourism, in order to identify whether some refinements to the existing principles of developing tourism are merited. It then goes on to hint at both the issues that deserve consideration for future tourism development in Nigeria and also the general implications that the continued neglect of the sector portends. Strategic resource allocation, human resource development, funding of the tourism sector, and public-private sector roles are identified as the essential inputs to tourism development in general, highlighting their strategic importance with respect to policy and planning principles, as a framework for exploring the future growth and direction of the tourism sector in Nigeria in particular.

Financial-Asset Accumulation by the Noncorporate Private Sector in Pakistan 1959/60 to 1965/66 (Notes and Comments)

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-86
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghafur
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Portfolio Selection ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
Financial Asset ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Asset Accumulation ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Real Assets ◽  
Insight Into

A detailed investigation into the sources of domestic saving and its uses by various sectors can provide us with a more complete insight into behaviour with respect to saving, portfolio selection, and the pattern of financial interrelationship among sectors. The saving(s) of each sector is defined as the excess of its income (y) over its expenditure on current consumption (c), i.e., s = y—c. Saving (dissaving) by a sector is equivalent to increase (decrease) in the net worth (NW) of that sector over the previous year. A sector that saves must either acquire financial assets, i.e., money and other financial claims, reduce financial liabilities or acquire real assets. In formal terms, s = A net worth = A (financial assets — financial liabilities) + A real assets1 [8]. It is quite clear that saving may be reflected in a change of net financial assets or in a change in real asset; a change in net holdings of financial assets may indicate either saving or a change in holdings of real assets. It is even possible, albeit unusual, that an increase in the level of financial-asset acquisition is associated with a negative saving (y /. c) by a sector. However, while it dose not measure the level of saving by a sector, the net acquisition of financial assets does reflect the extent of transfer of resources (both stock and flow) by the sector to other sectors.

Technology and Global Health: Spy vs. Spy and SPOCs to Promote Global Drug Supply Safety

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas T Kubic
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Drug Supply ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Criminal Network ◽  
The Past ◽  
Individual Medicine

New anti-tampering technologies and security features along with coding of individual medicine packages can aid in identifying and then reducing harm associated with counterfeiting of medicines. Equally important, however, is effective communication between public sector and private sector actors; this has occurred in the past as evidenced in a joint effort to address a global criminal network. The Pharmaceutical Security Institute is participating in ongoing international efforts to promote the concept of a Single Point of Contact (SPOC) system to further enhance communication amongst the stakeholders. Using this approach, technology and human engagement can promote safety of the global drug supply.

Linking Public and Private Performance Measurement

2000 ◽  
Vol 1729 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Morash
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Sector Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Policy And Planning

Transportation planning and public policy can have profound effects on private-sector performance through investment policy, financing arrangements, tax policy, infrastructure improvement, and the like. However, with increasingly competitive and global markets, transportation public policy and planning should be based on market requirements for specific transportation capabilities and performance. On one level, deregulation and global competitiveness require cooperation and collaboration among all public and private policy actors and planners so that they all “row in the same direction.” On another level, deregulation and global competitiveness require that governmental transportation policy be market-driven, stressing capabilities and performance that are deemed most important by the private sector. The relative importance and availability of performance measures and capabilities are examined in three global regions: North America, Europe, and the Pacific Basin. The three regions are in remarkable agreement as to which performance capabilities are most important to a firm’s success. Transportation dependability and customer service are ranked at the top; low logistics cost and delivery flexibility are in the middle; and surprisingly, delivery speed is at the bottom. These findings have important implications for transportation public policy and planning in terms of linking policy with private-sector performance measurement. For example, it appears that transportation public policy and plans should stress reliability over speed in terms of setting priorities. Additional findings and recommendations for transportation planning, policy formulation, and data availability are discussed.

scholarly journals Long-run Determinants of Private Saving Behaviour in Pakistan

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (4III) ◽  
pp. 1057-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasim M. Husain
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Private Saving ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Compared to the rapidly-growing economies of Southeast Asia, the growth performance of the Pakistan economy was significantly weaker during the 1970s and 1980s. While the Southeast Asian countries made substantial progress in improving living standards, the average standard of living, as measured by the GNP per capita, was virtually stagnant in Pakistan over this period. Much of the difference in economic performance between Pakistan and the Southeast Asian countries is often attributed to the low rates of saving and investment in Pakistan.1 Indeed, the differences in rates of domestic investment are often attributed to the differences in rates of domestic saving. Hence, the disparity in the growth performance between Pakistan and the Southeast Asian countries over the past two decades relates to the differences in saving rates, and an understanding of the fundamental determinants of saving in Pakistan assumes critical importance. This paper reviews trend developments in the private saving behaviour in Pakistan, and compares these trends with those seen in the Southeast Asian economies during the period since 1970. Using co-integration analysis, the long-run properties of Pakistan’s saving rate are examined, with a view to identifying the main determinants of saving. The principal finding is that about one-half of the trend increase in saving appears to be related to financial development and deepening. In contrast to the results obtained by Faruqee and Husain (1994) and Husain (1995) for the Southeast Asian countries, demographics appear not to have played an important role in determining saving behaviour in Pakistan, possibly because high rates of population growth during the past three decades resulted in a virtually unchanged demographic structure of the population.

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