EVOLUTION OF APPROACHES TO ASSESSING OF THE EMPLOYMENT EFFECTIVENESS SERVICES IN RUSSIA

Based on a wide range of works, the author considers the evolution of ideas about assessing the effectiveness of employment services in Russia in 1991–2019, as well as the transformation of the national project to promote employment in 2020–2021. Shown are both theoretical problems of assessing the effec-tiveness of the employment policy at the regional level, and the practical aspects of an active state employ-ment policy, including retraining of wide layers of the unemployed population and their further employment, as well as proactive retraining taking into account the needs of companies in the real sector of the economy.

Penentuan Setting Prioritas Pengembangan Industri Kopi Biji Di Indonesia: Aplikasi Model Goal Programming

This research aims to determine a priority setting in the development of Indonesian coffee bean industry that can sustain the industry using Goal Programming technique. Based on the number policies, 18 goal programming models formulating some priority setting possibilities had been developed. The validation on the value of decision variables in the model showed that there are six valid models. The result suggested that (1) the development policy has to be prioritized to ensure the supply of plantation inputs, (2) the policy of conversion of Robusta areas to Arabica has to consider the economical and biological aspects, (3) the develop-ment policy has to be directed to export and domestic consumption promotion since the industry is considered as an export maximizing and able to satisfy the domestic consumption, and (4) the development policy has to consider the possibility of target conflicts so that a priority setting will not burden the industry economically.

Peers, Neighborhoods, and Immigrant Student Achievement: Evidence from a Placement Policy

We examine to what extent immigrant school performance is affected by the characteristics of the neighborhoods that they grow up in. We address this issue using a refugee place ment policy that provides exogenous variation in the initial place of residence in Sweden. The main result is that school performance is increasing in the number of highly educated adults sharing the subject's ethnicity. A standard deviation increase in the fraction of high-educated in the assigned neighborhood raises compulsory school GPA by 0.8 percentile ranks. Particularly for disadvantaged groups, there are also long-run effects on educational attainment. (JEL I21, J15, R23)

The New Unfair Dismissal Jurisdiction in South Australia

The transition in the South Australian jurisdiction over unfair dismissals has generated issues that challenge the future and directions of employment protection in Australia. The new provision, with its key remedial power of compensation in liett of reinstatement or re-employment, has in its practical operation approached far closer to the British model of statutory employment rights than any of its counterparts in the other states, and has further proved sufficiently flexible to generate entitlements to redundancy payments in a novel way. Many of the legal points raised in the decided cases to date reflect important aspects of definition, interaction with otherjurisdictions and employ ment policy generally; these include the definition of dismissal, the effect of alternative remedies on an unfair dismissal claim, the taxation of compensation awards and the significance of this type of legislation as a source of procedural (if not always substantive) fairness.

Pollution Control Legislation in Alberta

The author provides brief outline of pollution control legislation in Alberta and Us effect upon the oil and gas industry. The Department of the Environment discharges its obligation of "regulating"environmental matters through various sources of legis lation which allow for flexible regulatory scheme adaptable to changing govern ment policy. Direct regulation of the industry is achieved by requiring compliance with the regulations prior to the issue of licenses and permits. Further, various "Guidelines' for pollution control are being established and incorporated into such permits and licences. The author also provides list of similar legislation existing in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Alberta.

Estimates of Noncorporate Private Saving in Pakistan: 1949-1962

This paper presents some partial and preliminary estimates of saving of the noncorporate private sector of the Pakistan economy. It is a part of a joint effort to make some more detailed estimates of saving for the entire economy, in which the Institute of Development Economics has been cooperating. It is hoped that more complete estimates for the whole economy will be available in the near future, but due to the importance of saving in the economic develop¬ment policy and planning, we feel it is worthwhile to present the data and analysis for this sector. There are estimates of saving in Pakistan for the period 1955/56 to the present, but these have been calculated in a very indirect manner, and they present no breakdown as to the sources of saving by sector. The procedure followed in the Planning-Commission estimates in the Mid-Plan Review1 was to estimate gross investment and to deduct from gross investment all "deve¬lopment imports" financed from abroad. As has been pointed out by John H. Power in his evaluation of the Mid-Plan Review, this method of estimating domestic saving is incorrect2, and he has presented some adjusted figures for the first two years of the Second Plan. The Planning-Commission estimation pro¬cedure, even if the proper definitions are used, is likely to result in serious errors in the volume of gross saving, and it does not give any information on the sources of domestic saving.