scholarly journals Proposed method for phase retardation measurements using polarimetric techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 054-056
Author(s):  
Alshaimaa W. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Phase Shifting ◽  
Half Wave Plate ◽  
Phase Retardation ◽  
Wave Plate ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
The Mean

Phase retardance elements such as quarter, half and full waveplates are essential elements in the most of the polarization systems. So, they should be determined precisely. Accurate determination of the phase retardation for these elements are necessary and critical due to its effect on the optical polarization measurements. In this paper we measure two-dimensional phase retardation distribution of half wave plate using four step phase shifting technique for accurate retardance measurements through the whole surface of the wave plate. By using this technique, four images are captured, which are related to different orientation of the azimuth angle of the analyzer, and mathematically analyzed to obtain the phase retardance measurements. The mean value of the phase retardance measurements is 182.57˚ with uncertainty 0.6˚.

Full-field optical coherence tomography by achromatic phase shifting with a rotating half-wave plate

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 035301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Liang Yang ◽  
Zhi-Hua Ding ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Ling Wu ◽  
Lan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Phase Shifting ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Half Wave Plate ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Wave Plate ◽  
Half Wave

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

Determination of Plasminogen in Clots and Thrombi

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 038-050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Hedner ◽  
Inga Marie Nilsson ◽  
B Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Digestion Time ◽  
Normal Volunteers ◽  
Casein Solution ◽  
The Mean

SummaryThe plasminogen content was determined by a casein method in plasma and serum from 20 normal volunteers. The mean plasminogen content was found to be 10.1 ACU (the arbitrary caseinolytic unit defined in such a way that using a 3% casein solution and a digestion time of 20 min. at 37°C, 10 ACU gave an extinction of 0.300). No difference between serum and plasma regarding the plasminogen content was found.Plasminogen was determined in drained and drained plus washed clots prepared from 2 ml plasma. The highest values found in the drained clots were 0.9 ACU/clot and 0.2 ACU/clot in the drained plus washed clots.Plasminogen was also determined in drained and drained plus washed clots prepared from plasma with added purified plasminogen. The plasminogen was recovered in the washing fluid. According to these tests, then, purified added plasminogen is washed out of the clots.The plasminogen content of 20 thrombi obtained post mortem was also determined. The mean value was found to be 0.7 ACU/cm thrombus. Judging from our results, the “intrinsic clot lysis theory” is not the main mechanism of clot dissolution.

Determination of the Probability Distribution of the Mean Sound Level

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Batko ◽  
Bartosz Przysucha
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Probability Distribution Function ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Function Form ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Logarithmic Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estimation Of Uncertainty

AbstractAssessment of several noise indicators are determined by the logarithmic mean <img src="/fulltext-image.asp?format=htmlnonpaginated&src=P42524002G141TV8_html\05_paper.gif" alt=""/>, from the sum of independent random resultsL1;L2; : : : ;Lnof the sound level, being under testing. The estimation of uncertainty of such averaging requires knowledge of probability distribution of the function form of their calculations. The developed solution, leading to the recurrent determination of the probability distribution function for the estimation of the mean value of noise levels and its variance, is shown in this paper.

ENZYMATISCH-FLUOROMETRISCHE BESTIMMUNG DER CORTISOLBINDUNGSKAPAZITÄT DES PLASMA

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Leybold ◽  
J. Rieper ◽  
L. Weissbecker
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

ABSTRACT A simple method for the determination of cortisol-binding capacity is described. For saturation of the cortisol-binding proteins, plasma samples are incubated with an excess of cortisol. In the next step NADPH and liver microsomes of female rats are added. The microsomal Δ4-3-ketosteroid hydrogenase only reduces non protein-bound cortisol to tetrahydrocortisol-5α. Then the steroids are extracted by dichloromethane, and after some purification steps analyzed by fluorometry. Tetrahydrocortisol gives practically no fluorescence. The cortisol determined by this method corresponds to protein-bound cortisol and indicates the extent of cortisolbinding capacity. Precision and accuracy of the method were found to be good. The values of cortisol-binding capacity obtained by our method are compared with the results of other authors. The mean value of adult men was 25.5 ± 3.4 μg/100 ml, that of pregnant women, mens IX-X, 42.3 ± 4.2 μg/100 ml.

scholarly journals Transrenal passage of nitrates and nitrites in calves (short communication)

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
A. Jacková ◽  
P. Siklenka ◽  
J. Pleva
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Total Hemoglobin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Nitrite Content

Abstract. In a study with 12 calves on milk nutrition, the course of methemoglobinemia as well as ttansrenal passage of nitrates and nitrites after single per os administrations of 4 g NaNO2 per animal and 30 g KNO3 per animal in the form of water Solutions has been observed. The response of the organism of calves to per os administered doses of sodium nitrite and potassium nitrate was observed by the determination of tlie methemoglobin percentage in blood and the nitrate and nitrite content in urine before the administration ofthe respective dose and after h 1, 2, 3 and 4 after the administration. A significant elevation in the values of methemoglobin was recorded after h 2 after the administration of 4g NaNO3 per animal. The mean value of methemoglobin in blood was 18.84% of total hemoglobin. A slight decline in the values occurred as early as after h 3 after the administration. Of clinical signs, cyanosis of visible mucosae was observed. The highest nitrite and nitrate values in urine were determined after h 2 after per os administration of 4g NaNO2, With the administration of 30g KNO3 per animal, the most pronounced elevation in methemoglobinemia was observed after h 3, when the means values of methemoglobin was 11,75%. Of clinical signs, only slight cyanosis of mucosae was detectable. Maximum values of nitrates in urine of experimental calves after h 3 after the administration of 30 g KNO3 per animal, with the mean value of 29,9 mM NO3−1 clearly demonstrate a good transrenal passage of nitrates in calves on milk nutrition.

scholarly journals Polypropylene embedded metal mesh broadband achromatic half-wave plate for millimeter wavelengths

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (21) ◽  
pp. 3750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Peter A. R. Ade ◽  
Philip Mauskopf ◽  
Giorgio Savini ◽  
Lorenzo Moncelsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Half Wave Plate ◽  
Metal Mesh ◽  
Wave Plate ◽  
Millimeter Wavelengths ◽  
Half Wave

Determination of high-density lipoprotein phospholipids in serum.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1275-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Color Development ◽  
The Mean

Abstract I describe a method for measuring high-density lipoprotein phospholipids. Magnesium chloride and dextran sulfate are used to precipitate all low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins. The supernate contains only high-density lipoproteins, the phospholipid concentration of which is determined by an enzymic method. The precision of the method (CV) is 2.35% (10 repeated assays), and the mean value for HDL-phospholipids was 1006 (SD 248) mg/L for 30 apparently healthy subjects. I used electrophoresis and enzymic color development to confirm the presence of HDL-phospholipids. Results are compared with those obtained by an ultracentrifugation method.

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