scholarly journals WOMEN OF SMOLENSK PROVINCE MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE TO WORLD WAR I FRONT-LINE SOLDIERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Natalia L. Pushkareva ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Mitsyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line

Washington, D.C. and New Orleans: 1942–1948

2019 ◽  
pp. 148-215
Author(s):  
Craig A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
American Medicine ◽  
Red Tape

DeBakey is made Consultant in the Surgeon General’s Office, participating in personnel assignments, modernization of equipment, and much writing. Military red tape vexes his efforts to prevent a repeat of the medical lessons learned during World War I, and the soldiers suffer as trench foot reappears. Auxiliary Surgical Groups are formed for front-line surgery. DeBakey tours the armies in Europe, compiling data for scientific analysis. After the war, DeBakey remains in uniform for a year, is appointed to a full Colonel and other positions of importance, and returns to New Orleans a figure well-known to leaders in American medicine and politics.

scholarly journals I Brygada Legionów Polskich w bitwie pod Kostiuchnówką w lipcu 1916 r.

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 71-93
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dudek
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Russian Army

W prezentowanym artykule autor starał się przedstawić walki I Brygady Legionów podczas bitwy pod Kostiuchnówką. Był to najkrwawszy bój stoczony przez polskich legionistów podczas I wojny światowej. Główny ciężar walki wzięła na siebie brygada Piłsudskiego, na którą dnia 4 lipca 1916 r. ruszyło główne uderzenie rosyjskie. Poszczególne pułki toczyły zaciekłe walki w obronie każdej pozycji. Do najtrudniejszych epizodów należała obrona Reduty Piłsudskiego przez żołnierzy 7 Pułku Piechoty, czy też zajadłe walki 5 Pułku Piechoty nad Garbachem i w rejonie Polskiego Lasku. Chociaż w efekcie morderczych walk I Brygada oraz pozostałe jednostki legionowe zostały zmuszone do wycofania się za Stochód, to jednak sama bitwa zakończyła się taktycznym zwycięstwem strony polskiej. Legioniści zadali armii rosyjskiej ogromne straty, nie dopuszczając przy tym do przerwania frontu i dając czas dowództwu C.K. armii na ściągnięcie posiłków. Krew przelana przez legionowego żołnierza w bitwie pod Kostiuchnówką nie poszła na marne. Na europejskich salonach coraz częściej zaczęto mówić o konieczności utworzenia niepodległego państwa polskiego. The I Brigade of the Polish Legions in the Battle of Kostiuchnówka in July 1916 In the article, the author tries to present the fight of the I Brigade of the Polish Legions during the Battle of Kostiuchnówka. This was the bloodiest battle entered into by the Polish legionnaires during World War I. The main burden of the fighting was taken upon itself by Piłsudski’s brigade, which, on 4 July 1916, was attacked by the Russian forces. Particular corps were engaged in fierce fighting in the defence of specific positions. The most difficult episodes included the defence of the Piłsudski Redoubt by soldiers of the 7th Infantry Division, as well as the fierce fighting of the 5th Infantry Division by the River Garbach and in the Polish Forest. Although the result of the murderous fighting of the I Brigade and other units of the legions was their forced retreat across the River Stochód, the Battle ended in a tactical victory for the Polish forces. The legionnaires inflicted huge losses on the Russian army, not allowing them to break through the front-line and buying time for the leadership of the C.K. Army to call up reinforcements. The blood lost by the soldiers in the Battle of Kostiuchnówka was not in vain. Throughout Europe, the necessity to create an independent Polish state was discussed more frequently.

Remasculinizing the Shirker: The JewishFrontkämpferunder Hitler

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-465
Author(s):  
Michael J. Geheran
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
High Status ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Nazi Persecution ◽  
German Jewish ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Great War

AbstractThis article examines the impact of Nazi persecution on the gender identity of German-Jewish veterans of World War I. National Socialism threatened to erase everything these Jewish men had achieved and sacrificed. It sought to destroy the identity they had constructed as soldiers in the service of the Fatherland, as well as the high status they had earned asFrontkämpfer(front-line fighters) in the Great War, upon which their sense of masculinity identity rested. Although diminished and disempowered by Nazi terror, Jewish veterans were able to orient themselves toward hegemonic ideals of martial masculinity, which elevated military values as the highest expression of manhood, giving them a space to assert themselves and defy the Nazi classificationJew. For the Jewish men who fought in World War I, the Nazi years became a battle to reclaim their status and masculine honor. They believed that the manner in which they handled themselves under the Nazis was a reflection of their character: as men who had been tried and tested in the trenches, their responses to persecution communicated their identity as soldiers, as Jews, and as Germans.

scholarly journals Activities of Local Government Bodies to Ensure the Liveliness of the Volyn Population During the World War I

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Tsetsyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Military Units

The aim of the article is clarification of the role of local self-government bodies of Volyn in providing the population of the region with basic necessities and fuel during the World War I. The author analyzes a set of measures taken by Zemstvos and municipal authorities to address vital issues. Methodology of the research is based on the use of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, and generalization), statistical method, special historical (chronological and historical and systemic) in combination with the principles of historicism, objectivity, and multifactorial. The scientific novelty of the work is that the author finds out the different directions of activity of the local authorities of Volyn to provide the population of the region with food, fuel, and basic necessities during the World War І. Particular attention is paid to highlighting their role in rebuilding the infrastructure of the frontline settlements of the region liberated in 1916. Conclusions. During the World War I the city self-government bodies and Zemstva solved many tasks not inherent in them. The front-line and later front-line status of the Volyn province forced them to become actively involved in providing food to the townspeople to oppose the export of food from the front-line counties in order to purchase and deliver fuel to the cities, and to provide assistance to evacuees and refugees. In the settlements liberated in 1916 from the Austro-Hungarian and German troops they faced with a difficult epidemiological situation, lack of funds to address important issues. The fact that a huge number of military units were stationed in the region the implementation of the tasks became much more difficult. The most local authorities could count on from the imperial authorities was to obtain loans to support the livelihoods of the region’s cities. The above circumstances together have led to a deterioration in the living standards of the population, especially the poor. Despite the active work of local governments at the end of 1916 in Volhyn, the socio-economic situation deteriorated sharply. In 1916, the frontline settlements of the region.

scholarly journals LIVING CONDITIONS OF RUSSIAN ARMY SO;DIERS ON THE FRONT-LINE DURING WORLD WAR I BASED ON THE TESTIMONIALS OF THE WITNESSES

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
I. Stychynskyi
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Front ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

This article analyses the living conditions of the Russian Imperial Army soldiers in the front-line during the World War I.The main aspects of living conditions of the soldiers on the South – Western front-line are illustrated on the basis of testimonials of the participants during said period. The importance of the sources (such as memorandums, epistolary heritage, etc.) and the clear geographical limits are underlined during the studying of this topic. The subject importance of soldiers’ living in front-line conditions is shown as one of the most important elements in the whole subject studying of military daily life during the conflict.

Through the prism of Spain. Socio-economic causes of different outcomes of Russian and Spanish civil wars

2017 ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
I. Rozinskiy ◽  
N. Rozinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
World War I ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
World War ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Economic Well Being

The article examines the socio-economic causes of the outcome of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1936), which, as opposed to the Russian Civil War, resulted in the victory of the “Whites”. Choice of Spain as the object of comparison with Russia is justified not only by similarity of civil wars occurred in the two countries in the XX century, but also by a large number of common features in their history. Based on statistical data on the changes in economic well-being of different strata of Spanish population during several decades before the civil war, the authors formulate the hypothesis according to which the increase of real incomes of Spaniards engaged in agriculture is “responsible” for their conservative political sympathies. As a result, contrary to the situation in Russia, where the peasantry did not support the Whites, in Spain the peasants’ position predetermined the outcome of the confrontation resulting in the victory of the Spanish analogue of the Whites. According to the authors, the possibility of stable increase of Spanish peasants’ incomes was caused by the nation’s non-involvement in World War I and also by more limited, compared to Russia and some other countries, spending on creation of heavy (primarily military-related) industry in Spain.

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