The Relationship between Performance of Attention Task and Suicidal Ideation in Korean Patients with Mood Disorders

Objective We examined the performance of attention tests related to suicidal ideation in mood disorder patients and to explain the difference of attention test performance in relation to suicidal ideation after controlling clinical and psychological variables of mood disorder patients.Methods Seventy-three in- and outpatients with major depressive disorder (n=41) or bipolar disorder (n=32) completed a self-rating questionnaire assessing socio-demographic characteristics, and clinical and psychological variables. Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT) also was conducted.Results Thirty-three patients were the high-suicidal ideation (SI) group, and forty patients were the low-SI group. The errors of commission (CEs) of visual sustained attention in the high-SI group was 6.3 times higher on average than that of the low-SI group. After controlling for sex, age, and diagnosis, a higher number of CEs on visual sustained attention tasks predicted higher SI score. However, after controlling for sex, age, diagnosis, and depressive mood, this predictive ability was no longer observed.Conclusion This study showed that CE on the visual sustained attention task seems to influence suicidal ideation as a result of interaction with depressive symptoms.

Download Full-text

Sustained Attention Deficit in Young Schizophrenic and Schizotypic Men

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3f.1131 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 71 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1131-1136 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jordi E. Obiols ◽

Margarida Clos ◽

Eulalia Corberó ◽

Mercè García-Domingo ◽

Isabel de Trinchería ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustained Attention ◽

Performance Test ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Dimensional Theory ◽

Attention Task ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

Schizophrenic Group ◽

The Difference

We studied groups of 39 schizophrenic subjects, 35 schizotypic subjects, and 33 control subjects, comparing them on a standard sustained attention task called the Continuous Performance Test (identical pairs version). The expected negative relationship between performance on sustained attention and psychopathology was confirmed by differences among the three groups which were in the direction predicted, although only the difference between the schizophrenic group and the other two groups was significant. This finding adds evidence to the view from research on high risk and attention with schizophrenic subjects that subtle attention deficits are present among subjects within the schizophrenia spectrum. Consequently, our results can be understood as supporting a dimensional theory of psychopathology.

Download Full-text

0957 The Association Between Sleep and Sustained Attention Differs in Children vs. Adolescents With ADHD

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.953 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A363-A364

Author(s):

K Gagnon ◽

R Theoret ◽

E Rudd ◽

C Lepage ◽

A Chirica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Sustained Attention ◽

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Adolescent Group ◽

Sleep Period ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Tasks ◽

Arousal System ◽

The Difference

Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbance in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequent, and lead to shorter sleep duration which has been associated with lower performance on sustained attention tasks. However, no study has investigated this association in adolescents with ADHD. We sought to explore whether the association between sleep and sustained attention performance of children with ADHD is similar in adolescents with ADHD given that sleep patterns are different. Methods Parents of 32 children (mean age = 8.0; SD = 1.3) and 10 adolescents (mean = 15.2; SD = 1.3) with ADHD completed a developmental questionnaire including sleep questions. Children and adolescents were medication free and underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Three sleep variables were extracted from the questionnaire, namely the duration of the sleep period during week nights and weekends as well as the difference between the two (“weekend shift”). The Continuous Performance Test was used to measure sustained attention (omission, commission, hit reaction time). Pearson correlations between sleep variables and sustained attention measures were calculated. Results Children showed a positive correlation between hit reaction time and the duration of the sleep period during week nights (r = 0.37; p =0.04), weekends (r = 0.51; p = 0.004) and the weekend shift (r = 0.37; p =0.04). No significant correlations were found in the adolescent group. Conclusion The fact that no significant associations were found in the adolescent group suggest an improvement of the arousal system through brain development in ADHD, or that other mechanisms could be involved in the etiology of ADHD in adolescents. Support Centre d’apprentissage aux 1001 astuces; Fonds de recherche du Québec - Santé

Download Full-text

Two dominant brain states reflect optimal and suboptimal attention

10.1101/2020.01.31.928523 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ayumu Yamashita ◽

David Rothlein ◽

Aaron Kucyi ◽

Eve M. Valera ◽

Michael Esterman

Keyword(s):

Sustained Attention ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Mind Wandering ◽

Network Activity ◽

Brain State ◽

Attention Task ◽

Dorsal Attention Network ◽

Brain States ◽

The Difference

AbstractAttention is not constant but fluctuates from moment to moment. Previous studies dichotomized these fluctuations into optimal and suboptimal states based on behavioral performance and investigated the difference in brain activity between these states. Although these studies implicitly assume there are two states, this assumption is not guaranteed. Here, we reversed the logic of these previous studies and identified unique states of brain activity during a sustained attention task. We demonstrate a systematic relationship between dynamic brain activity patterns (brain states) and behavioral underpinnings of sustained attention by explaining behavior from two dominantly observed brain states. In four independent datasets, a brain state characterized by default mode network activity was behaviorally optimal and a brain state characterized by dorsal attention network activity was suboptimal. Thus, our study provides compelling evidence for behaviorally optimal and suboptimal attentional states from the sole viewpoint of brain activity. We further demonstrated how these brain states were impacted by motivation, mind wandering, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Within-subject level modulators (motivation and mind wandering) impacted the optimality of behavior in the suboptimal brain state. In contrast, between-subject level differences (ADHD vs healthy controls) impacted the optimal brain state character, namely its frequency.

Download Full-text

Combating Vigilance Decrements in a Sustained Attention Task: Examination of Two Cognitive Intervention Schedules for a Secondary Task

10.21236/ada583727 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas R. Carretta ◽

Guy A. French

Keyword(s):

Sustained Attention ◽

Secondary Task ◽

Cognitive Intervention ◽

Attention Task

Download Full-text

Assessing the effects of caffeine and theanine on the maintenance of vigilance during a sustained attention task

Neuropharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 62 (7) ◽

pp. 2320-2327 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

John J. Foxe ◽

Kristen P. Morie ◽

Peter J. Laud ◽

Matthew J. Rowson ◽

Eveline A. de Bruin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustained Attention ◽

Attention Task

Download Full-text

Suicidal Ideation Profiles in Patients with Fibromyalgia Using Transdiagnostic Psychological and Fibromyalgia-Associated Variables

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010209 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 209

Author(s):

Jorge L. Ordóñez-Carrasco ◽

María Sánchez-Castelló ◽

Elena P. Calandre ◽

Isabel Cuadrado-Guirado ◽

Antonio J. Rojas-Tejada

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

High Risk ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological Pain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire ◽

High Degree

Several studies have emphasized the heterogeneity of fibromyalgia patients. Furthermore, fibromyalgia patients are considered a high-risk suicide group. The ideation-to-action framework proposes a set of transdiagnostic psychological factors involved in the development of suicidal ideation. The present study aims to explore the existence of different subgroups according to their vulnerability to suicidal ideation through these transdiagnostic psychological variables and a set of variables typically associated with fibromyalgia. In this cross-sectional study, 151 fibromyalgia patients were assessed through the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Defeat Scale, Entrapment Scale, Psychache Scale, and Beck Hopelessness Scale. A K-means cluster analysis identified two clusters, one (45.70%) according to a low vulnerability, and a second (54.30%) with a high vulnerability to suicidal ideation. These clusters showed statistically significant differences in suicidal ideation and suicide risk. However, no differences were observed in most socio-demographic variables. In conclusion, fibromyalgia patients who present a clinical condition characterized by a moderate-high degree of physical dysfunction, overall disease impact and intensity of fibromyalgia-associated symptoms, along with a high degree of perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, defeat, entrapment, psychological pain and hopelessness, form a homogeneous group at high risk for suicidal ideation.

Download Full-text

The diagnostic value of EBV-DNA and EBV-related antibodies detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Cancer Cell International ◽

10.1186/s12935-021-01862-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Weixing Liu ◽

Gui Chen ◽

Xin Gong ◽

Yingqi Wang ◽

Yaoming Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽

Test Performance ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Ebv Dna ◽

The Difference ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Numerous individual studies have investigated the diagnostic value of EBV-DNA, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the conclusions remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the value of EBV-DNA, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG detection in the diagnosis of NPC. Methods PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019145532. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Chinese data libraries (Wanfang, CNKI, and CBM) were searched up to January 2019. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood, negative likelihood, and diagnostic odds ratios were conducted in this meta-analysis. Summary receiver operating characteristic curves evaluated the test-performance global summary. Publication bias was examined by Deek’s funnel plot asymmetry test. Results Forty-seven studies with 8382 NPC patients (NPC group) and 15,089 individuals without NPC (Control group) were included in this meta-analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood (+ LR), negative likelihood (-LR), DOR and AUC of EBV-DNA in diagnosis of NPC were: 0.76 (95% CI 0.73–0.77), 0.96 (95% CI 0.95–0.97), 14.66 (95% CI 9.97–21.55), 0.19 (95% CI 0.13–0.28), 84 (95% CI 50.45–139.88), 0.96 (SE: 0.001), and 0.55 (95% CI 0.54–0.57), 0.96 (95% CI 0.96–0.97), 12.91 (95% CI 9.55–17.45), 0.35 (95% CI 0.29–0.43), 39.57 (95% CI 26.44–59.23), 0.94 (SE: 0.002) for the EA-IgA, and 0.85 (95% CI 0.84–0.85), 0.89 (95% CI 0.88–0.89), 6.73 (95% CI5.38–8.43), 0.17 (95% CI 0.12–0.23), 43.03 (95% CI 31.51–58.76), 0.93 (SE: 0.007) for the VCA-IgA, and 0.86 (95% CI 0.85–0.88), 0.87 (95% CI 0.88–0.90), 7.55 (95% CI 5.79–9.87), 0.16 (95% CI 0.13–0.19), 50.95 (95% CI 34.35–75.57), 0.94 (SE: 0.008) for the EBNA1-IgA, and 0.70 (95% CI 0.69–0.71), 0.94 (95% CI 0.94–0.95), 9.84 (95% CI 8.40–11.54), 0.25 (95% CI 0.21–0.31), 40.59 (95% CI 32.09–51.35), 0.95 (SE: 0.005) for the Rta-IgG. The EBV-DNA had larger AUC compared with other EBV-based antibodies (P < 0.05), while the difference between EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions EBV-DNA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG detection have high accuracy in early diagnosis NPC. In addition, EBV-DNA detection has the higher diagnosis accuracy in NPC. On the other hand, EA-IgA is suitable for the diagnosis but not NPC screening.

Download Full-text