The potential of entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents for clover root weevil (Sitona lepidus)

The efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis zealandica H bacteriophora Steinernema carpocapsae and S feltiae against clover root weevil (CRW) larvae and pupae was determined in petri dish and pot experiments Field collected third instar (L3)pupal CRW immature stages were used and experiments were conducted in a controlled environment room at 18C Weevil survival and development was assessed 7 and 10 days after nematode inoculation for petri and pot experiments respectively All nematodes significantly reduced CRW survival and all except S feltiae prevented adult development Under the conditions used in this study Heterorhabditis spp were generally more effective than Steinernema spp Results are discussed in terms of the potential use of entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents for this clover pest

Download Full-text

Entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents in New Zealand agriculture: a case study

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.2008.70.2720 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 171-175

Author(s):

N.L. Bell ◽

L.T. Aalders ◽

T.C. Rohan

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽

Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽

Biocontrol Agents ◽

Control Soil ◽

Sitona Lepidus ◽

Clover Root ◽

Wax Moth

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used experimentally to control insects in pastures and in this study we investigated the use of EPNs against clover root weevil. We tested the ability of two EPNs (Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis zealandica) to control soil-dwelling stages of clover root weevil in a Waikato pasture Keywords: Sitona lepidus, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, larvae, pupae, Galleria, wax moth

Download Full-text

The effect of parasitism on clover root weevil flight capability

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6829 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 61 ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

T.M. Eden ◽

M. Donald ◽

P.J. Gerard

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Flight Activity ◽

Biocontrol Agents ◽

Passive Dispersal ◽

First Instar ◽

Sitona Lepidus ◽

Clover Root ◽

Flight Muscles ◽

Microctonus Aethiopoides

The Irish strain of Microctonus aethiopoides was released in New Zealand in 2006 to help suppress populations of the clover pest clover root weevil (Sitona lepidus) A study was undertaken to determine if this parasitoid will be passively dispersed through flight activity by parasitized hosts In the laboratory Irish M aethiopoides parasitized equally hosts with or without flight muscles and subsequent presence of parasitoid eggs or first instar larvae had no effect on the propensity for S lepidus to prepare to take flight during laboratory observations In the field significantly fewer clover root weevil with flight muscles were found to be parasitized compared to those without flight muscles and those that were parasitized contained predominantly eggs and first instar larvae The results were compared with other Microctonus biocontrol agents released in New Zealand and it was concluded that passive dispersal should play a major role in dispersing Irish M aethiopoides in New Zealand especially in warm dry summers

Download Full-text

Relative potency of a novel acaricidal compound from Xenorhabdus, a bacterial genus mutualistically associated with entomopathogenic nematodes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90726-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gamze Incedayi ◽

Harun Cimen ◽

Derya Ulug ◽

Mustapha Touray ◽

Edna Bode ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Female ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Predatory Mites ◽

The Novel ◽

Compound Identification ◽

Mutant Strains

AbstractOur study aimed to identify the novel acaricidal compound in Xenorhabdus szentirmaii and X. nematophila using the easyPACId approach (easy Promoter Activated Compound Identification). We determined the (1) effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) obtained from mutant strains against T. urticae females, (2) CFS of the acaricidal bioactive strain of X. nematophila (pCEP_kan_XNC1_1711) against different biological stages of T. urticae, and females of predatory mites, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Neoseiulus californicus, (3) effects of the extracted acaricidal compound on different biological stages of T. urticae, and (4) cytotoxicity of the active substance. The results showed that xenocoumacin produced by X. nematophila was the bioactive acaricidal compound, whereas the acaricidal compound in X. szentirmaii was not determined. The CFS of X. nematophila (pCEP_kan_XNC1_1711) caused 100, 100, 97.3, and 98.1% mortality on larvae, protonymph, deutonymph and adult female of T. urticae at 7 dpa in petri dish experiments; and significantly reduced T. urticae population in pot experiments. However, the same CFS caused less than 36% mortality on the predatory mites at 7dpa. The mortality rates of extracted acaricidal compound (xenocoumacin) on the larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult female of T. urticae were 100, 100, 97, 96% at 7 dpa. Cytotoxicity assay showed that IC50 value of xenocoumacin extract was 17.71 μg/ml after 48 h. The data of this study showed that xenocoumacin could potentially be used as bio-acaricide in the control of T. urticae; however, its efficacy in field experiments and its phytotoxicity need to be assessed in future.

Download Full-text

Strategies for making entomopathogenic nematodes cost-effective biocontrol agents.

Biocontrol agents: entomopathogenic and slug parasitic nematodes ◽

10.1079/9781786390004.0596 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 596-619

Author(s):

M. Nagesh ◽

T. H. Askary ◽

M Balachander ◽

S. N. Arakalagud ◽

R Rajan

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Biocontrol Agents

Download Full-text

Analysis of biological parameters of Boophilus microplus Canestrini, 1887 exposed to entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae Santa Rosa and All strains (Steinernema: Rhabditida)

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132005000800007 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 911-919 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Gláucia Marques Freitas-Ribeiro ◽

John Furlong ◽

Viviane Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽

Cláudia Dolinski ◽

Alan Loures-Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽

Survival Period ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Reproductive Efficiency ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Positive Role ◽

Efficiency Rate

Engorged and partially engorged females of Boophilus microplus were exposed to 600; 3,000; 6,000 and 30,000 infective juveniles of Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, 1955 Santa Rosa and All strains per dish, under lab conditions. Eggs weight, pre-laying period, laying period, survival period, reproductive efficiency rate, percentage of larval eclosion and lethal concentrations of 50% and 90% (CL50 and CL90) were calculated for engorged females. In the case of partially engorged females, only egg weight, survival period and CL50 and CL90 were calculated. All biological parameters of engorged or partially engorged females were altered by exposition of S. carpocapsae infective juveniles (IJs), Santa Rosa and All strains (p<0.05). The increase in the response was directly proportional to the increase of IJs concentration per Petri dish (p<0.05). Results suggested that entomopathogenic nematodes could have a positive role in the control of cattle tick.

Download Full-text

Entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents of insect pests in orchards.

CAB Reviews Perspectives in Agriculture Veterinary Science Nutrition and Natural Resources ◽

10.1079/pavsnnr201813058 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (058) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T Belien

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Biocontrol Agents

Download Full-text

First Screening of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Fungus as Biocontrol Agents against an Emerging Pest of Sugarcane, Cacosceles newmannii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10040117 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marion Javal ◽

John S. Terblanche ◽

Desmond E. Conlong ◽

Antoinette P. Malan

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Biological Control ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Biocontrol Agents ◽

Sugar Production ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Sugarcane Stalk ◽

Reduce Sugar ◽

Steinernema Yirgalemense

Cacosceles newmannii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an emerging pest of sugarcane in South Africa. The larvae of this cerambycid beetle live within the sugarcane stalk and drill galleries that considerably reduce sugar production. To provide an alternative to chemical control, entomopathogenic nematodes and fungus were investigated as potential biological control agents to be used in an integrated pest management system. The nematodes Steinernema yirgalemense, S. jeffreyense, Heterorhabditis indica, and different concentrations of the fungus Metarhizium pinghaense were screened for efficacy (i.e., mortality rate) against larvae of C. newmannii. The different biocontrol agents used, revealed a low level of pathogenicity to C. newmannii larvae, when compared to control treatments.

Download Full-text

Biological control of ticks

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182004005219 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 129 (S1) ◽

pp. S389-S403 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

M. SAMISH ◽

H. GINSBERG ◽

I. GLAZER

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Biocontrol Agents ◽

Parasitoid Wasps ◽

Natural Conditions ◽

Potential Value ◽

Considerable Research ◽

Production Strategies ◽

Laboratory Results ◽

Selection Of

Ticks have numerous natural enemies, but only a few species have been evaluated as tick biocontrol agents (BCAs). Some laboratory results suggest that several bacteria are pathogenic to ticks, but their mode of action and their potential value as biocontrol agents remain to be determined. The most promising entomopathogenic fungi appear to be Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, strains of which are already commercially available for the control of some pests. Development of effective formulations is critical for tick management. Entomopathogenic nematodes that are pathogenic to ticks can potentially control ticks, but improved formulations and selection of novel nematode strains are needed. Parasitoid wasps of the genus Ixodiphagus do not typically control ticks under natural conditions, but inundative releases show potential value. Most predators of ticks are generalists, with a limited potential for tick management (one possible exception is oxpeckers in Africa). Biological control is likely to play a substantial role in future IPM programmes for ticks because of the diversity of taxa that show high potential as tick BCAs. Considerable research is required to select appropriate strains, develop them as BCAs, establish their effectiveness, and devise production strategies to bring them to practical use.

Download Full-text