scholarly journals In vitro assays of Phytophthora agathidicida on kauri leaves suggest variability in pathogen virulence and host response

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 285-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Echo M. Herewini ◽  
Peter M. Scott ◽  
Nari M. Williams ◽  
Rosie E. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Oomycete Pathogen

Phytophthora agathidicida is an aggressive soil-borne oomycete pathogen that kills New Zealand kauri trees (Agathis australis). When artificially inoculated, P. agathidicida causes lesions on leaves as well as roots, providing a non-invasive method for virulence screening. However, little is known about the extents to which the pathogen varies in virulence and kauri trees vary in disease susceptibility. Three isolates of P. agathidicida grown in culture were inoculated onto detached leaves from six kauri trees. Visible disease lesions were measured and the extent of asymptomatic leaf colonisation determined by culturing. All six trees were susceptible to P. agathidicida, but one showed higher susceptibility than the others. The pathogen also showed variability in virulence among isolates. Asymptomatic colonisation of leaf tissue was also found, suggesting a latent or biotrophic phase for the pathogen. Although further work is needed, the variability of both pathogen virulence and host susceptibility have important implications for management of kauri dieback. Furthermore, asymptomatic colonisation of kauri tissues suggests that P. agathidicida could be present outside of regions with visible disease symptoms.

scholarly journals A novel non-invasive method for measuring knee joint laxity in four dof: In vitro proof-of-concept and validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pedersen ◽  
V. Vanheule ◽  
R. Wirix-Speetjens ◽  
O. Taylan ◽  
HP. Delport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Joint Laxity ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Knee Joint Laxity ◽  
Invasive Method

Design of an Ingestible Capsule With Wireless Communication and Powering Function for Obesity Treating

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Yan ◽  
Tianyi Wang ◽  
Zongxia Jiao ◽  
Juanjuan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Wireless Control ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Energy Shortage

Intra-gastric balloons have been and effective and non-invasive method for morbid obesity treating since it is proposed. However, traditional balloons lead to complications such as nausea and sickness caused by insertion and removal endoscopes. Despite free of endoscope-guide insertion and removal process, wireless controlled balloons still have to face the problem of energy shortage. This paper proposes a novel wireless controlled and powered endoscope capsule of edible size. The performance of wireless control and powering are tested respectively. In addition, in-vivo and in-vitro experiments are conducted for further evaluation and shows feasibility for treating morbid obesity. This study may contribute to the development of endoscopic devices and surgery as well.

scholarly journals Decreased Urinary Levels of SIRT1 as Non-Invasive Biomarker of Early Renal Damage in Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6390
Author(s):  
Olga Martinez-Arroyo ◽  
Ana Ortega ◽  
Miriam Galera ◽  
Elena Solaz ◽  
Sergio Martinez-Hervas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Sirtuins have become important players in renal damage in hypertension and diabetes, but their value as biomarkers is poorly assessed. The aims of the study were to evaluate the levels of sirtuin1 (SIRT1), and two miRNAs that regulate SIRT1 expression in hypertensive patients with incipient renal damage with and without diabetes. We quantified urinary SIRT1 and claudin 1 (CLDN1) mRNA and miR34-a and miR-200a levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) from patients and in cultured podocytes treated with high glucose and angiotensin II. Western blot and fluorescence analyses were also performed. We found decreased SIRT1 levels in patients with increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE), the lowest with diabetes presence, and a strong association with UAE, discriminating incipient renal damage. In vitro experiments also showed SIRT1 overall decreases in podocyte cultures under treatment conditions. In urine samples, miR-34a was reduced and miR-200a increased, both related to UAE levels. However, both miRNAs were generally increased in podocyte cultures under high glucose and angiotensin-II treatment. These results show a significant urinary SIRT1 decrease in albuminuric hypertensive patients, strongly associated with albuminuria, suggesting that SIRT1 could be a potential and non-invasive method to assess incipient renal damage in hypertensive patients.

Implantable insulin pumps: diagnosis and management of decreased flow rates using radionuclide investigation

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 723-729
Author(s):  
H. Boulahdour ◽  
A. Behar ◽  
M.-J. Haardt ◽  
J-L. Selam
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Pumps ◽  
Distal Catheter ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Catheter Obstruction ◽  
Catheter Malfunction ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
One Step ◽  
Isotonic Sodium Chloride

The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic procedure for pumping unit malfunction by radionuclide imaging (RI) and to validate the method by comparing the results with those obtained using more conventional methods. Fifteen radionuclide investigations were performed in 11 patients with intraperitoneal implantable insulin pumps. One mCi of 99 mTc in 1 ml isotonic sodium chloride was injected into the reservoir. The results based on catheter visualization and peritoneal accumulation were compared blindly to the efficacy of alkaline rinses and laparoscopic findings. In all RI stoppage cases except one alkaline rinses failed to restore flow. Where laparoscopy was performed, comparisons were concordant i.e. no outflow from the tip of the catheter. The RI images obtained were reproduced in vitro using a pump under normal flow conditions and complete proximal and distal catheter obstruction. RI is a safe, quick non invasive method which allows the location of the site of pump/catheter malfunction within a one step procedure and the prediction of the efficacy of sodium hydroxide rinses.

Evaluation of different salts for the control of lettuce varnish spot: when phytotoxicity rules

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Delisle-Houde ◽  
Vicky Toussaint ◽  
Hicham Affia ◽  
Russell J. Tweddell
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Pseudomonas Cichorii ◽  
Foliar Symptoms

Five generally recognised as safe (GRAS) salts with antimicrobial activity were investigated for their potential use as bactericides for the control of lettuce varnish spot [Pseudomonas cichorii (Swingle) Stapp]. The phytotoxicity of salts was first assessed using greenhouse and in vitro assays. Greenhouse assays revealed that salts showed different levels of phytotoxicity. Potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, and sodium carbonate at higher concentrations caused a noticeable decrease of growth along with foliar phytotoxicity symptoms while sodium metabisulfite and sodium bicarbonate caused exclusively foliar symptoms. Based on the phytotoxic doses 5% determined in vitro, salts can be ranked in ascending order of phytotoxicity as follows: sodium bicarbonate, potassium sorbate, sodium carbonate, sodium benzoate, and sodium metabisulfite. When applied at concentrations causing mild to moderate foliar symptoms of phytotoxicity and no noticeable effect on growth, salts did not significantly affect (p ≤ 0.01) survival of P. cichorii on lettuce leaf tissue and did not significantly reduce (p ≤ 0.01) varnish spot severity. Although sodium metabisulfite was applied at concentrations higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration, it did not affect P. cichorii survival on leaf tissue.

In-Vivo Force Estimation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hosseini ◽  
Thomas J. Gill ◽  
Guoan Li
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Force Estimation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

The knowledge of in-vivo ACL forces is instrumental for understanding ACL injury mechanisms and for improving surgical ACL reconstruction techniques. Several in-vitro investigations have measured ACL forces in response to various loads applied to the knee. However, in-vivo ACL forces in response to controlled loading are still unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the force of healthy ACL as well as the possible upper bound of ACL forces under an increasing axial tibial loading in living subjects using a non-invasive method.

Discovery of a novel linc01125 isoform in serum exosomes as a promising biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis and survival assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Xian ◽  
Yuyuan Zeng ◽  
Shizhen Chen ◽  
Liming Lu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
Serum Exosomes

Abstract A non-invasive method to distinguish potential lung cancer patients would improve lung cancer prevention. We employed the RNA-Seq analysis to profile serum exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and pneumonia controls, and then determined the diagnostic and prognostic value of a promising lncRNA in four datasets. We identified 90 dysregulated lncRNAs for NSCLC and found the most significant lncRNA was a novel isoform of linc01125. Serum exosomal linc01125 could distinguish NSCLC cases from disease-free and tuberculosis controls, with the area under the curve (AUC) values as 0.662 (95% confidence interval [CI]= 0.614-0.711) and 0.624 (95%CI= 0.522–0.725), respectively. High expression of exosomal linc01125 was also correlated with an unfavorable overall survival of NSCLC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.01–2.49). Clinic treatment decreased serum exosomal linc01125 in NSCLC patients (P = 0.036). Linc01125 functions to inhibit cancer growth and metastasis via acting as a competing endogenous RNA to up-regulate TNFAIP3 expression by sponging miR-19b-3p. Notably, the oncogenic transformation of 16HBE leads to decreased linc01125 in cells but increased linc01125 in cell-derived exosomes. The expression of linc01125 in total exosomes was highly correlated with that in tumor-associated exosomes in serum. Moreover, lung cancer cells were capable of releasing linc01125 into exosomes in vitro and in vivo. Our analyses suggest serum exosomal linc01125 as a promising biomarker for non-invasively diagnosing NSCLC and predicting the prognosis of NSCLC.

Abstract 515: Non-invasive Method of Generating Human Induced-mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Urinary Epithelial Cells for Regenerative Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimman Gurusamy ◽  
SHEEJA RAJASINGH ◽  
Vijay Selvam ◽  
Vinoth Sigamani ◽  
Jayavardini Vasanthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Proliferation Capacity ◽  
Invasive Method

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells having an extensive proliferation capacity in vitro and in vivo. These MSCs can differentiate into various mesoderm-type cells such as osteoblasts, cardiomyocytes, etc. A subpopulation of urinary epithelial cells (UECs) have been identified in urine samples, is considered a promising cell resource for generating autologous induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the production of high quality, autologous, induced-MSCs (iMSCs) with high replicative potential suitable for the regenerative therapy, using an easy, and the most non-invasive method of isolation, from human UECs. Methods and Results: Human urine was collected and centrifuged to obtain the UECs, which were characterized by the expression of CK19 and ZO1. These UECs were reprogrammed to iPSCs using a cocktail of mRNAs (OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, c-MYC, Nanog and Lin28) along with Lipofectamine for 11 days in culture. These iPSCs were characterized by the expression of the pluripotent markers such as OCT4, SOX2 and SSEA4. The iPSCs were subsequently differentiated into iMSCs using the mesenchymal specific medium for 21 days. iMSCs were harvested at the end of 21 days, and they were characterized by the high levels of mRNA and protein expressions of mesenchymal specific markers such as CD73, CD90 and CD105 (Fig. 1A). FACS analysis showed that more than 93% of the cells were positive for the markers of MSCs (Fig. 1B) . Moreover, the obtained iMSCs have high proliferation capacity compared with the adult stem cells. Conclusions: We have developed an easy, non-invasive method for obtaining autologous, non-immunogenic and highly-proliferating iMSCs suitable for various regenerative therapies including cardiac diseases, from urinary epithelial cells.

Diameter and Pulsatile Oscillations of the Femoral Artery Recorded by Ultrasound

1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Christensen ◽  
J. Jørgensen ◽  
B. Neubauer
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Wall ◽  
External Iliac Artery ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Examination

A new non-invasive method for in vivo investigations of the inner diameter and pulsatile oscillations of large muscular arteries by means of an ultrasound time-motion technique is presented. Each histologic layer of the arterial wall is identified at in vitro examination of the external iliac artery. The method has been used for in vivo investigations of 16 long term diabetics and of 16 non-diabetics. A reduction of the lumen and decrement in pulse deflections were found in the diabetics when compared with those of the normal group.

Evaluation of a Non-Invasive Method for the Measurement of Metabolic rate in Humans

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Weissman ◽  
Michael C. Damask ◽  
Jeffrey Askanazi ◽  
Stanley H. Rosenbaum ◽  
John M. Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Clinical Measurement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Metabolic Measurement ◽  
Predicted Values

1. Measurements of oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) can be used to calculate energy expenditure. Such data are useful in the nutritional management of a variety of pathological conditions. 2. This study is an evaluation in vitro and in vivo of the mating of a canopy and a Beckman metabolic measurement cart 1 (MMC). The canopy allows for the collection of expired gases without facial attachments. 3. Studies in vitro demonstrated the necessity of calibrating the CO2 analyser at the concentrations used in such a system (0.50-0.80% CO2). Measurements of Vo2 were within +12% to −8% of predicted values, and when calibrated at 0.50% and 0.75% CO2, measurements of Vco2 were within +2% and −7% of predicted values. 4. The studies in vivo revealed that VO2 and Vco2 were within ± 11% of the values obtained by using a canopy-spirometer-computer system. 5. The MMC plus canopy may provide an alternative method for the clinical measurement of Vo2 and Vco2, especially in subjects unable to tolerate a tight-fitting mask for prolonged periods.

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