Genetic variations analysis of taif’s grapevine plants using three different types of gene –targeted molecular markers

Clubroot is an important disease of cruciferous crops caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, and pathotypes are classified based on the response of differential hosts. This study was conducted to identify genetic markers able to differentiate pathotypes. Differential expression of genes between pathotype 4 (P4) and pathotype 7 (P7) was assessed according to transcriptome data of molecular marker screening. Among the pathotypes (P2, P4, P5, P7, P9, P10, and P11) tested, six genes were exclusive to P4, dividing the isolates into three types: PBRA_003263 and PBRA_003268 were present in all P4 isolates, PBRA_000003/Novel512 were found in a type of P4 (P4-1), and Novel137/PBRA_005772 were found in another P4 type, P4-2. Amplicons for all six genes were produced for only one isolate, which we named P4-3. This study is the first to establish a molecular identification system for P4 the, predominant pathotype in China. The genes identified might serve as molecular markers for differentiation of P4 from other pathotypes and may also distinguish different types of P4.

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Exploring Plant Genetic Variations with Morphometric and Molecular Markers

Genetic Variation ◽

10.5772/intechopen.95026 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bushra Sadia ◽

Faisal Saeed Awan ◽

Fozia Saleem ◽

Javaria Altaf ◽

Abdullah Bin Umar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Human Population ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Genetic Variations ◽

Germplasm Collections ◽

Crop Germplasm ◽

Insight Into ◽

Sorghum Germplasm

For centuries, crop improvement has served as the basis of food security of ever increasing human population. Though vast germplasm collections are available; their exploitation for crop improvement still depends upon efficient assessment of genetic diversity. Genetic variability is the key element in adaptation of plants to varying climates. While crops with narrow genetic diversity are vulnerable to stresses. The estimation of extent and pattern of genetic variability is a prerequisite for generating superior varieties. Genetic diversity analysis generates key information to dissect genetic variations in crop germplasm with the help of morphometrical, biochemical and molecular tools. Among these, DNA markers provide a reliable and detailed insight into the similarities and differences among crops. In this chapter, we discuss the applications of phenotypic and molecular markers to probe genetic divergence in crops and present case studies that describe the significance of these tools to characterize sorghum germplasm. Furthermore, we spotlight sorghum biodiversity exploration efforts worldwide and propose future directions.

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Genetic variations of strawberry cultivars of Fragaria x ananassa and Fragaria vesca based on RAPD

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 770-775

Author(s):

GANIES RIZA ARISTYA ◽

RINA SRI KASIAMDARI ◽

RACHMI SETYONINGRUM ◽

BENING LARASATI

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Dna Amplification ◽

Genetic Variations ◽

Fragaria X Ananassa ◽

Fragaria Vesca ◽

Market Demand ◽

Strawberry Cultivars

Abstract. Aristya GR, Kasiamdari RS, Setyoningrum R, Larasati B. 2019. Genetic variations of strawberry cultivars of Fragaria x ananassa and Fragaria vesca based on RAPD. Biodiversitas 20: 770-775. In Indonesia, the increasing market demand for strawberries (Fragaria spp.) is not comparable to increased strawberry productivity. One of the efforts made to increase strawberry productivity with superior quality is plant breeding. The purpose of this research was to determine the genetic variation, lineage, and similarity index in some strawberry cultivars using molecular markers of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Eleven strawberry cultivar samples were taken from Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (Balitjestro), Batu City, East Java, Indonesia and Strawberry Agritourism in Banyuroto Village, Magelang District, Central Java, Indonesia. DNA isolation using modified CTAB buffer method. DNA amplification using PCR-RAPD method with 5 primers, namely UBC-516, UBC-594, OPA 10, OPA 16, and OPG 11. Strawberry lineage dendrogram construction was analyzed with clustering of Unweight Pair-Group Using Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) software Multi-Variate Statistical Average (MVSP). The research results showed that the 5 RAPD primers used in 11 strawberry cultivars produced 30 polymorphic DNA bands and 20 monomorphic DNA bands so it can be concluded that the genetic variation among 11 strawberry cultivars can be detected using RAPD molecular markers. The lineage of 11 strawberry cultivars that have the highest similarity index is found in Earlibrite and Rosalinda II cultivars of 98.85%.

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The dynamics of molecular markers expression of blood lymphocytes activating at patients with an uveal melanoma at the different types of treatment

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.f081.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

LN VELICHKO ◽

AP MALETSKIY ◽

VV VIT ◽

YEP CHEBOTARYOV

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Uveal Melanoma ◽

Blood Lymphocytes ◽

Different Types

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Molecular Marker Technology for Crop Improvement

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10101462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1462

Author(s):

Jose Miguel Soriano

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Molecular Marker ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Special Issue ◽

Crop Species ◽

Different Types ◽

Diversity Studies

Since the 1980s, agriculture and plant breeding have changed with the development of molecular marker technology. In recent decades, different types of molecular markers have been used for different purposes: mapping, marker-assisted selection, characterization of genetic resources, etc. These have produced effective genotyping, but the results have been costly and time-consuming, due to the small number of markers that could be tested simultaneously. Recent advances in molecular marker technologies such as the development of high-throughput genotyping platforms, genotyping by sequencing, and the release of the genome sequences of major crop plants open new possibilities for advancing crop improvement. This Special Issue collects sixteen research studies, including the application of molecular markers in eleven crop species, from the generation of linkage maps and diversity studies to the application of marker-assisted selection and genomic prediction.

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CULTURAL VARIATION IN MYCOSPHAERELLA FRAGARIAE

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b58-073 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 935-940 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A.T. Bolton

Keyword(s):

Production Rate ◽

Genetic Variations ◽

Pigment Production ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Cultural Characteristics ◽

Different Types ◽

Colony Color ◽

Mycosphaerella Fragariae ◽

Cultural Types ◽

Color Pigment

Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau isolated from several commercial strawberry varieties in different localities varied in cultural characteristics. Each strawberry variety gave rise to a more or less distinct cultural type. Twenty-five cultural types were recognized. Variations were also found among isolates from native F. virginiana in different areas. These variations included differences in colony color, pigment production, rate of growth, topography of colony, and rate of conidial production.Some isolates produced variants in culture on artificial media. Differences in stability were exhibited by different types. Variations or mutations were detected in two cultural types after they had passed five times through hosts other than those from which they were originally isolated.It is postulated that the possible number of distinguishable types of M. fragariae occurring in nature is infinite, being limited only by the possible number of genetic variations in the host itself.

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Comparative analysis of genetic relationships in barley based on RFLP and RAPD markers

Genome ◽

10.1139/g97-080 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 607-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Enrico Noli ◽

Silvio Salvi ◽

Roberto Tuberosa

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Cluster Analyses ◽

Barley Cultivars ◽

Length Polymorphisms ◽

Different Types ◽

Marker Class

Genetic relationships have seldom been analyzed with different types of molecular markers in order to compare the information provided by each marker class. We investigated genetic relationships among nine barley cultivars using separate cluster analyses based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Genomic DNA restricted with three enzymes and hybridized with 68 probes revealed 415 RFLPs (74.2% of all bands). Among the 128 primers used for RAPD analysis, 100 provided a reproducible profile, 89 of which revealed 202 polymorphic and 561 monomorphic bands (26.5 and 73.5%, respectively). A nonrandom distribution of 62 RAPDs with a tendency to cluster near centromeric regions was produced when these RAPDs were mapped using 76 doubled-haploid lines derived from a cross between two of the nine cultivars. The correlation between the RFLP and RAPD similarity matrices computed for the 36 pairwise comparisons among the nine cultivars was equal to 0.83. The dendrograms obtained by cluster analyses of the RFLP and RAPD data differed. These results indicate that in barley the information provided by RFLPs and RAPDs is not equivalent, most likely as a consequence of the fact that the two marker classes explore, at least in part, different portions of the genome.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., genetic distance, molecular markers, cluster analysis.

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