scholarly journals Specific Genes Identified in Pathotype 4 of the Clubroot Pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Xuliang Wang ◽  
Yang Xiao ◽  
Shiqing Wei ◽  
Die Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Differential Hosts ◽  
Differential Expression Of Genes ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Six Genes

Clubroot is an important disease of cruciferous crops caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, and pathotypes are classified based on the response of differential hosts. This study was conducted to identify genetic markers able to differentiate pathotypes. Differential expression of genes between pathotype 4 (P4) and pathotype 7 (P7) was assessed according to transcriptome data of molecular marker screening. Among the pathotypes (P2, P4, P5, P7, P9, P10, and P11) tested, six genes were exclusive to P4, dividing the isolates into three types: PBRA_003263 and PBRA_003268 were present in all P4 isolates, PBRA_000003/Novel512 were found in a type of P4 (P4-1), and Novel137/PBRA_005772 were found in another P4 type, P4-2. Amplicons for all six genes were produced for only one isolate, which we named P4-3. This study is the first to establish a molecular identification system for P4 the, predominant pathotype in China. The genes identified might serve as molecular markers for differentiation of P4 from other pathotypes and may also distinguish different types of P4.

scholarly journals Characterization of Five Molecular Markers for Pathotype Identification of the Clubroot Pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 1486-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Xuliang Wang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Shu Yuan ◽  
Shiqing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Differential Hosts ◽  
Reaction Cycles ◽  
Important Disease

Clubroot disease is an important disease on cruciferous crops caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infections. The pathotypes have been classified based on the reactions of differential hosts. However, molecular markers of particular pathotypes for P. brassicae are limited. In this study, we found five genetic markers in association with different pathotypes. Different gene expression patterns among different pathotypes (P4, P7, P9, and P11) were assayed according to the transcriptome data. The assay indicated that molecular markers PBRA_007750 and PBRA_009348 could be used to distinguish P11 from P4, P7, and P9; PBRA_009348 and Novel342 could distinguish P9 from P4, P7, and P11; and PBRA_008439 and Novel342 could represent a kind of P4. Polymerase chain reaction cycles ranging from 25 to 30 were able to identify the predominant pathotype in general. Therefore, these molecular markers would be a valuable tool to identify and discriminate pathotypes in P. brassicae population.

scholarly journals Most Plasmodiophora brassicae Populations in Single Canola Root Galls from Alberta Fields are Mixtures of Multiple Strains

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Heting Fu ◽  
Yalong Yang ◽  
Vachaspati Mishra ◽  
Qixing Zhou ◽  
Krista Zuzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Rnase H ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Cautious Interpretation ◽  
Differential Hosts ◽  
Multiple Strains ◽  
Northern Alberta ◽  
Important Disease

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is an important disease on canola in Alberta, Canada. The pathogen is grouped into pathotypes according to their virulence reaction on differential hosts. Multiple pathotypes or strains are known exist in one field, one plant, or even one gall. This study was conducted with the objective of testing the prevalence of the coexistence of multiple strains in a single gall. In all, 79 canola clubroot galls were collected from 22 fields across Northern Alberta in 2018. Genomic DNA extracted from these single galls was analyzed using RNase H-dependent PCR (rhPCR). The rhPCR primers were designed to amplify a partial sequence of a dimorphic gene, with one primer pair specific to one sequence and the other primer pair specific to the alternative sequence. The amplification of both sequences from DNA obtained from a single gall would indicate that it contains two different P. brassicae strains. The rhPCR analyses indicated that the P. brassicae populations in 50 of the 79 galls consisted of more than one strain. This result emphasizes the need for cautious interpretation of results when a single-gall population is subject to pathotyping or being used as inoculum in plant pathology research. It also confirms that the maintenance of pathotype diversity within single root galls is a common occurrence which has implications for the durability, and stewardship, of single-gene host resistance.

scholarly journals Current and Future Pathotyping Platforms for Plasmodiophora brassicae in Canada

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1446
Author(s):  
Heather H. Tso ◽  
Leonardo Galindo-González ◽  
Stephen E. Strelkov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Differential Set ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Phenotypic Methods ◽  
Important Disease

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the most detrimental threats to crucifers worldwide and has emerged as an important disease of canola (Brassica napus) in Canada. At present, pathotypes are distinguished phenotypically by their virulence patterns on host differential sets, including the systems of Williams, Somé et al., the European Clubroot Differential set, and most recently the Canadian Clubroot Differential set and the Sinitic Clubroot Differential set. Although these are frequently used because of their simplicity of application, they are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can lack sensitivity. Early, preventative pathotype detection is imperative to maximize productivity and promote sustainable crop production. The decreased turnaround time and increased sensitivity and specificity of genotypic pathotyping will be valuable for the development of integrated clubroot management plans, and interest in molecular techniques to complement phenotypic methods is increasing. This review provides a synopsis of current and future molecular pathotyping platforms for P. brassicae and aims to provide information on techniques that may be most suitable for the development of rapid, reliable, and cost-effective pathotyping assays.

scholarly journals Evidence for increased thermogenesis in female C57BL/6J mice housed aboard the international space station

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen P. Wong ◽  
Urszula T. Iwaniec ◽  
Russell T. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
International Space ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Differential Expression Of Genes ◽  
Shivering Thermogenesis

AbstractSixteen-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were sacrificed aboard the International Space Station after 37 days of flight (RR-1 mission) and frozen carcasses returned to Earth. RNA was isolated from interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) and gonadal white adipose tissue (WAT). Spaceflight resulted in differential expression of genes in BAT consistent with increased non-shivering thermogenesis and differential expression of genes in WAT consistent with increased glucose uptake and metabolism, adipogenesis, and β-oxidation.

Differential expression of genes that encode glycolysis enzymes in kidney and lung cancer in humans

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Oparina ◽  
A. V. Snezhkina ◽  
A. F. Sadritdinova ◽  
V. A. Veselovskii ◽  
A. A. Dmitriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Differential Expression Of Genes

scholarly journals SsPEP1, an Effector with Essential Cellular Functions in Sugarcane Smut Fungus

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Shan Lu ◽  
Yukun Wang ◽  
Xiaorui Shen ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Chunling Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Allele Dosage ◽  
Biotrophic Fungi ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Important Disease

Biotrophic fungi have to infect their host to obtain nutrients and must establish an interaction with the host to complete their life cycle. In this process, effectors play important roles in manipulating the host’s immune system to avoid being attacked. Sporisorium scitamineum is the causative agent of sugarcane smut, the most important disease in sugarcane-producing regions worldwide. In this work, we functionally characterized the conserved effector PEP1 in S. scitamineum. The mating process and the expression of genes in the MAPK signaling pathway and the a and b loci were adversely affected in Sspep1-null mutants. The requirement for SsPEP1 in pathogenicity and symptom development was allele dosage-dependent, i.e., deleting one Sspep1 allele in the mating pair turned a normal black whip with abundant teliospores into a white whip with few teliospores; however, deleting both alleles almost abolished infectivity and whip development. ΔSspep1 mutants produced significantly less mycelium mass within infected plants. Additionally, SsPEP1 was identified as a potent inhibitor of sugarcane POD-1a peroxidase activity, implying that SsPEP1 may function to relieve reactive oxygen species-related stress within the host plant. Taken together, our work demonstrated that SsPEP1 is a multifaceted effector essential for S. scitamineum growth, development, and pathogenicity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document