scholarly journals Intercultural Latin American research on abuse in couple relationships of young university

Author(s):  
Maricela Osorio Guzmán ◽  
Carlos Prado Romero ◽  
Mario Morales Navarro ◽  
Horacio Maldonado ◽  
Julio Cesar Carozzo Campos ◽  
...  

Dating or falling in love implies a romantic experience of bonding, commitment and support between the members of a couple within the framework of a socio-cultural context. This kind of relationship contributes to the psychosocial well-being providing people with socio-emotional development. However, in this dating period, many partners deal with situations of violence. The aim of current work was to analyze and to describe the presence, type and level of abuse in dating relationships in four Latin American countries. Method: the target group involved 1195 secondary, high school and university students aged 12 to 30 years from Argentina, Chile, Mexico and Peru. The Questionnaire Dating Abuse (CMN; Osorio-Guzmán, 2014), which contains 5 areas and α = 0.95, was applied. The study met the ethical standards of the American Psychological Association. Results: the proportion of participants was Argentina (22.9%), Chile (25.3%), Mexico (36.9%) and Peru (15%). The reliability of the instrument ranges from .93 to .95. It was found that more than 90% of the cases report low levels of abuse, and 21.5% reported family violence patterns. Conclusions: the naturalization of dating violence is verified, and it is considered essential to work on its denaturalization.

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Claudia Elena Gafare ◽  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giulia Lorenzoni ◽  
Dario Gregori

Given the rising cost of healthcare, the increase in life expectancy and the wish for a better quality of life, the request for foods and beverages producing a beneficial effect on health has increased worldwide. “Functional food” is a new concept and may play a key role in diseases’ prevention and management. Although its meaning is currently under definition, its role in global health improvement is growing constantly. This article aims at giving a description of existing legislation on functional food in South America, identifying future directions for health and marketing policies. Furthermore, authors provide a literature revision on two products widely consumed in Latin American countries: Yerba Mate and Quinoa. Thanks to their beneficial health effects in terms of disease prevention and promotion of well-being, they may be considered as functional foods with a potential key role in health care.


1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corazon V. C. Barba ◽  
Lucila B. Rabuco

Two of the major demographic trends in the developing and transitional countries are urbanization (the growth of cities and metropolitan populations) and ageing (the increase in the number of persons over 70 years of age, due to extended life expectancy). These two trends are felt to present unresolved challenges regarding health, well-being, and quality of life. These uncertainties gave rise to the multicentre Reconnaissance project carried out in five Asian countries (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand) and three Latin American countries (Brazil, Guatemala, and Mexico), in collaboration with institutions in the Netherlands, Germany, and Italy, with financial support from the European Community. The findings, experience, and lessons from the preliminary qualitative (community), and quantitative (individual) surveys were shared among the investigators at a conference held at Wageningen, Netherlands.


2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-43
Author(s):  
Agustina Giraudy ◽  
Jennifer Pribble

ABSTRACTAccess to quality healthcare varies across the national territory inside Latin American countries, with some subnational units enjoying higher-quality care than others. Such territorial inequality is consequential, as residents of particular regions face shorter life spans and an increased risk of preventable disease. This article analyzes trajectories of territorial healthcare inequality across time in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. The data reveal a large decline in Brazil, a moderate decline in Mexico, and low levels of change followed by a moderate decline in Argentina. The article argues that two factors account for these distinct trajectories: the nature of the coalition that pushed health decentralization forward and the existence of mechanisms for central government oversight and management.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Torres-Vallejos ◽  
Joel Juarros-Basterretxea ◽  
Juan Carlos Oyanedel ◽  
Masatoshi Sato

Improving citizens' subjective well-being (SWB) has become an increasingly visible policy goal across industrialized countries. Although an increasing number of studies have investigated SWB at the individual level, little is known about subjective evaluation at social levels, such as the community and national levels. While the relationships between these levels have been analyzed in previous research, these assessments, which are part of the same unique construct of SWB, are under-investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensionality and reliability of a single measure of SWB, which contained individual, community, and national levels across three Latin-American countries (Argentina, Chile, and Venezuela), using a bifactor model analysis. Findings showed that the bifactor model exhibited a good fit to the data for the three countries. However, invariance testing between countries was not fully supported because of each item's specific contribution to both specific and general constructs. The analyses of each country showed that the SWB construct was in a gray area between unidimensionality and multidimensionality; some factors contributed more to the general factor and others to the specific level, depending on the country. These findings call for integrating more distant levels (community and country levels) into the understanding of SWB at the individual level, as they contribute not only to an overall construct, but they make unique contributions to SWB, which must be considered in public policy making.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Itzel Moreno Vite ◽  
María del Pilar Fernández-Viader

[full article is in Spanish]EnglishIn this article we study the legal instruments and educational policies that affect the education and rights of Deaf people in the European and international framework. We argue that the European educational policies for disability are an important guide and can be used as model for Latin American educational policies. We point out that the differences in the socio-economic and cultural context, as well as inadequacies in the interpretation of European policies, reveal more than two decades of delay regarding the education of Deaf people in most of the Latin American countries. Therefore, from a social cohesion perspective, we reflect on the importance of educational and cultural policies for Deaf people in Europe and the role of Spain as bridge between both, in order to achieve a sense of belonging to a collective and cultural group, defending linguistic, social and civil equality rights.SpanishEn este artículo estudiamos los instrumentos legales y las políticas educativas que afectan a la educación y a los derechos de los Sordos en el marco Europeo e internacional. Describimos que las políticas educativas europeas para la discapacidad, marcan una guía importante y pueden servir de modelo para las políticas educativas latinoamericanas. Señalamos que la diferencia de contexto socioeconómico y cultural, así como inadecuaciones en la interpretación de las políticas europeas, evidencian más de dos décadas de retraso en la educación de los Sordos, en la mayoría de los países latinos. Por ello, bajo el marco de la cohesión social, refl exionamos la importancia de las políticas educativas y culturales de las personas Sordas en Europa y el rol de España como puente entre ambos continentes, a fines de lograr un sentido de pertenencia a un colectivo y grupo cultural, con defensa de los derechos lingüísticos, sociales y de igualdad ciudadana.FrenchDans cet article, nous étudions les instruments légaux et les politiques éducatives qui produisent des eff ets négatifs sur l’éducation et les droits des sourds dans le cadre européen et international. Nous expliquons que les politiques éducatives européennes pour les handicapés constituent un guide important qui peut servir de modèle pour les politiques éducatives latino-américaines. Nous signalons que la diff érence de contexte socio-économique et culturel ainsi que les inadéquations dans l’interprétation des politiques européennes mett ent en évidence plus de deux décennies de retard dans l’éducation des sourds dans la plupart des pays latino-américains. C’est ainsi que dans une perspective de cohésion sociale, nous ouvrons une réfl exion sur l’importance des politiques éducatives et culturelles des personnes sourdes en Europe et sur le rôle de l’Espagne en tant que pont entre les deux continents dans le but de favoriser un sentiment d’appartenance à un collectif et à un groupe culturel pour la défense des droits linguistiques, sociaux et d’égalité citoyenne.


Author(s):  
Ibán Rodrigo Mendoza Jumbo

Resumen: Este artículo se propone dos objetivos. En primer lugar, medir la segregación residencial de los inmigrantes latinoamericanos de Colombia y Ecuador, en el área urbana de Garrucha (Almería), utilizando, para ello, los índices de disimilitud e interacción. Y, en segundo lugar, se trata de determinar las principales causas de su distribución espacial por el municipio, a partir de los resultados obtenidos en la administración de una encuesta. Los datos muestran por un lado, que estos colectivos presentan unos niveles de segregación relativamente reducidos y, por otro, que los aspectos económicos se erigen como el mejor predictor de la segregación. Abstract: This paper sets our two objectives. Firstly, to measure the degree of residential segregation of the immigrants from the Latin American countries of Colombia and Ecuador within the urban area of Garrucha, Almeria by means of the rate of dissimilarity and interaction. Secondly, it intends to determine the main reasons for the distribution throughout the municipality, from the results of a survey. The data demonstrates relatively low levels of segregation in these groups and also that the principal causes of segregation arise from economical factors.


2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
A. А. Belostotskiy

The article analyzes the formation of the public budgets of Latin American countries in the case of Brazil, Ecuador, Chile, Peru, as well as the effectiveness of the implementation of government programs, contributed to the chronic underfunding, financial instability and external debt increase, since in modern conditions, government financing, aimed to achieve results and high parameters of final results must take into consideration target programmes quality development and improvement, their justification, and implimentation assessment indicators. This study reflects budgetary expenditures in Latin American countries, characterizes state and municipal management and it is considered to be one of the conditions for the social well-being through such indicators as the level of budgetary resources provision and the amount of GDP used and produced per capita. The implementation of the budgeting concept,aimed to achieve results is related to the creation of budget expenditure performance monitoring system, core activities results reports of budget planning entities, the transition to a multi-year budget planning. The article offers beneficial cooperation with the Russian Federation as one of the directions for LAC financial situation improvment, based on the similarity of political views on the issues of a multipolar world, the strengthening the national sovereignty and collaboration in the economic and oil and gas spheres, which will contribute to reduce inflation, individual incomes increase. It will help to make national financial systems more resilient to external threats.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Domínguez ◽  
Krista Ruffini

Many Latin American countries and cities have substantially lengthened the school day over the past generation. Chile, for example, increased the school day by 30 percent between 1997 and 2010. While evidence on lengthening these additional instructional resources points to positive effects in the short term, we know little about whether these reforms affect students long-term economic outcomes once they enter the labor market. This project finds longer elementary and secondary school days substantially improve economic well-being by increasing educational attainment, delaying childbearing, and increasing earnings in young adulthood.


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