MOSAICITY OF THE VEGETATION COVER OF THE KOCHUBEY BIOSPHERE STATION PASTURES

1970 ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
М. А. Babaeva ◽  
S. V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Falcaria Vulgaris

The regularities of changes in the resistance of different groups of fodder plants to adverse conditions were studied. This is due to the physiological properties that allow them to overcome the harmful effects of the environment. As a result of research species - plant groups with great adaptive potential to the harsh continental semi-desert conditions were identified. Monitoring observation and experimental studies showed too thin vegetation cover as a mosaic, consisting of perennial xerophytic herbs and semishrubs, sod grasses, saltwort and wormwood, as well as ephemera and ephemeroids under the same environmental conditions, depending on various climatic and anthropogenic factors. This is due to the inability or instability of plant species to aggressive living environment. It results in horizontal heterogeneity of the grass stand, division into smaller structures, and mosaic in the vegetation cover of the Kochubey biosphere station. The relative resistance to moderate stress was identified in the following species from fodder plants Agropyron cristatum, A. desertorum, Festuca valesiaca, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua; as for strong increasing their abundance these are poorly eaten plant species Artemisia taurica, Atriplex tatarica, Falcaria vulgaris, Veronica arvensis, Arabidopsis thaliana and other. On the site with an increasing pressure in the herbage of phytocenoses the number of xerophytes of ruderal species increases and the spatial structure of the vegetation cover is simplified. In plant communities indigenous species are replaced by adventive plant species. The mosaic of the plant cover of phytocenoses arises due to the uneven distribution in the space of environmental formation, i.e. an edificatory: Salsola orientalis, S. dendroides, Avena fatua, Cynodon dactylon, Artemisia taurica, A. lercheanum, Xanthium spinosum, Carex pachystyli, under which the remaining components of the community adapt. Based on the phytocenotic indicators of pasture phytocenoses it can be concluded that the vegetation cover is in the stage of ecological stress and a decrease in the share of fodder crops and an increase in the number of herbs indicates this fact.

Middle-scale mapping of vegetation cover of the Moscow District at the ecological-dynamic basis

1996 ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
G. N. Ogureeva ◽  
I. M. Miklyaeva ◽  
E. G. Suslоva ◽  
L. V. Shvergunova
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Ecological Dynamic ◽  
Vegetation Class ◽  
Dynamic Series

Middle-scale vegetation map shows the most important botanical-geographic reguliarities of plant cover depending on the environmental conditions of the territory. Legend divisions reflect the typological differentiation of vegetation cover (fig. 1). The higher rank units are: type of vegetation, class of formations, group of formations, formation. Class of associations and group of associations are adopted as the main mapping units. Forest vegetation is classified and analyzed in terms of the ecological-dynamic concept by V. B. Sochava (1968, 1979). According to this concept forest association is considered to be a part of dynamic system (epiassociation), integrating both the climax community and its modifications which arise in the course of spontaneous or anthropogenic succession. In the case of mesic meadows the method of ecological-dynamic series is used. The series are grouped according to leading ecological factors (soil fertility and humidity) or anthropogenic factors (grazing and haymaking). Middle-scale vegetation map of the Moscow District based on the ecological-dynamic principle is highly informative. It reflects the coenotic diversity, botanical-geographic reguliarities, typological diversity of climax and secondary communities of forests, mesic meadows, mires taking into account the floristic, phytocoenotic, ecological and geographic criteria. The map shows modern status of and trends in vegetation dynamics depending on anthropogenic impact. The vegetation map of such kind can be used for solving the ecological problems: monitoring, supporting the ecological stability, presevation and improvement of a human environment.

scholarly journals Abundance and Phenotypic Diversity of the Medicinal Sideritis Scardica Griseb. in Relation to Floristic Composition of Its Habitat in Northern Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2542
Author(s):  
Pinelopi K. Papaporfyriou ◽  
Eirini Sarrou ◽  
Eleni Avramidou ◽  
Eleni M. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The North

Sideritis scardica (S. scardica) is an endemic medicinal species of the Central Balkan Peninsula. The aerial parts are traditionally used in folk medicine and, therefore, have been collected extensively from natural habitats. Overexploitation in combination with climate change has resulted in severely fragmented populations. In this context, the purpose of this study was to access the abundance and phenotypic diversity of S. scardica populations in relation to plant community structure and environmental and anthropogenic factors in six mountainous areas of Northern Greece. For this reason, the floristic composition and diversity was determined by accessing the number of plant species, number of individuals per plant species, and plant cover in each study area. In addition, the soil properties of the studied areas were determined and the phenotypic diversity of S. scardica populations was accessed through the imaging of leaf and inflorescence main characteristics. As a result, 141 plant species were identified in all studied areas, while the floristic composition clearly distinguished the North-Central from the North-Eastern studied areas. S. scardica was the predominant species in the habitats where the presence of forbs was favored, while a high presence of graminoid and shrub species in the study areas depressed its presence. A high coefficient of variations was recorded among the six populations, varying from 12.2%–29.2% and 13.3%–43.1% for inflorescence and leaf traits.

ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF RANGELAND VEGETATION OF KOCHUBEY BIOSPHERE STATION OF NORTH-WESTERN PRE-CASPIAN

1970 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
M. A. Babaeva ◽  
S. V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Productivity Dynamics

The influence of environmental and anthropogenic factors on the change in species diversity and transformation in plant communities has been studied. Studies have shown negative effect of external factors to preserve valuable fodder grass depends on different pasture use patterns on the territory of the Kochubey Biosphere Station. A marked decline in the phytocenosis productivity dynamics with an increased load of 9.53-10.95c / ha under insufficient humidification conditions was shown. The results of the studies are shown that the vegetation change features are primarily caused the occurrence of anthropogenic landscape with dominance of the most persistent xerophytes shrubs and change of native species of communities of unsuitable plant species for feed that form in the continental climate. Changes in the vegetation cover composition and the ratio of the forage grasses species are traced. The uneven distribution of fodder mass between plant species in different seasons of the year was revealed. Established significant changes in the vegetation cover in the experimental plots. Stand of grass is thinned, low projective cover – 20-30%. In places of accumulation of growing species, especially in cereals, the loss of unstable species is observed. The productivity of pasture phytocenosis due to ephemera, forbs, especially dominant xerophytic shrubs of the wet period ranges 14.4-14.18 c / ha, which is associated with increased moisture and normalized load compared to dry years (9.53-10.9c / ha).

Effect of Hurricane Karl on a plant–ant network occurring in coastal Veracruz, Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid R. Sánchez-Galván ◽  
Cecilia Díaz-Castelazo ◽  
Víctor Rico-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Sample Length ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Number Of Plant Species

Abstract:We analysed the effect of a hurricane on a plant–ant network and on vegetation cover. Plant cover was sampled using linear sampling in several vegetation types: deciduous forest, a dry forest, sand dune pioneers, sand dune scrub, ecotone of freshwater marsh, deciduous forest and dune scrub, and mangrove forest. We sampled ant–plant interactions and vegetation cover before and after Hurricane Karl hitting (September 2010) the central coast of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. The pre-hurricane network consisted of 16 plant and 25 ant species in 52 associations. The post-hurricane network consisted of 17 plant and 20 ant species in 56 associations. We found a significant decrease in the total linear cover of EFN-bearing plants between October 2009 (646 m, no hurricane effect) and October 2010 (393 m, after hurricane Karl) (total sample length 2025 m). Both networks were significantly nested (0.999 and 0.973, P < 0.001), suggesting that network topology remained similar. Our results show changes in several network characteristics and species proportions. The number of plant species that contributed to nestedness vs. idiosyncratic species did not differ significantly in the pre-hurricane network, while the number of plant species that contributed to nestedness vs. idiosyncratic species did differ significantly in the post-hurricane network. The number of ant species that contributed to nestedness vs. idiosyncratic species differed significantly in the pre-hurricane network, and also in the post-hurricane network. Differences in nestedness contributions of species before and after the hurricane reflect an alteration from a generalized, highly nested, more stable pre-disturbance network, to a more low-degree or specialized network (i.e. fewer interactions among generalist species, those species with the most associations). The maintenance of important core components of the network after a huge disturbance, suggests a short-term resilience typical of mutualistic networks.

scholarly journals Green Roofs in Dry Cities. Selection of Plant Species According to Their Biological and Thermal Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Emiliano Flores Asin ◽  
Claudia Fernanda Martinez ◽  
María Alicia Cantón ◽  
Erica Norma Correa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Local Species

Abstract This paper proposes the identification of adapted plant species with high local availability feasible for implementation as green roofs in dry cities. To this end, two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions. One of them aimed at determining the biological behaviour of a sample set of fourteen species based on the measurement of three variables: plant cover, water consumption, and leaf temperature. The other test sought to determine the thermal behaviour of green roofs by comparing preselected species according to their biological response with traditional roofs. In this case, the following meteorological variables were recorded: outdoor and indoor air temperature, substrate temperature, and water content. Finally, the data obtained were statistically processed. Biological results show that the species Aptenia cordifolia, Cynodon dactylon, Hyalis argentea, and Nassella tenuissima reach plant cover higher than 70% with Aptenia cordifolia recording the lowest water consumption, 217 l/year. Regarding thermal behaviour, the green roof with Nassella tenuissima -a shrubby native species- results in the highest mitigation of outdoor temperature, reducing average indoor temperature by 3.4°C. These results show the biological and thermal fitness of local species that guarantee the sustainability of the system itself as well as higher thermal efficiency with lower water consumption.

STUDYING OF TERSKO-SULAKSKAYA LOWLAND VEGETATION UNDER THE RESULTS OF GROUND-BASED RESEARCH AND AUTOMATED INTERPRETATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
M. I. Dzhalalova ◽  
A. B. Biarslanov ◽  
D. B. Asgerova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Internet Resource

The state of plant communities in areas located in the Tersko-Sulak lowland was studied by assessing phytocenotic indicators: the structure of vegetation cover, projective cover, species diversity, species abundance and elevated production, as well as automated decoding methods. There are almost no virgin soils and natural phytocenoses here; all of them have been transformed into agrocenoses (irrigated arable lands and hayfields, rice-trees and pastures). The long-term impact on pasture ecosystems of natural and anthropogenic factors leads to significant changes in the indigenous communities of this region. Phytocenoses are formed mainly by dry-steppe types of cereals with the participation of feather grass, forbs and ephemera, a semi-desert haloxerophytic shrub - Taurida wormwood. At the base of the grass stand is common coastal wormwood and Taurida wormwood - species resistant to anthropogenic influences. Anthropogenic impacts have led to a decrease in the number of species of feed-rich grain crops and a decrease in the overall productivity of pastures. Plant communities in all areas are littered with ruderal species. The seasonal dynamics of the land cover of the sites was estimated by the methods of automatic decoding of satellite images of the Landsat8 OLI series satellite for 2015, dated by the periods: spring - May 20, summer - July 23, autumn - October 20. Satellite imagery data obtained by Landsat satellite with a resolution in the multispectral image of 30 m per pixel, and in the panchromatic image - 10 m per pixel, which correspond to the requirements for satellite imagery to assess the dynamics of soil and vegetation cover. Lower resolution data, for example, NDVI MODIS, does not provide a reliable reflection of the state of soil and vegetation cover under arid conditions. In this regard, remote sensing data obtained from the Internet resource https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ was used.

scholarly journals Vegetation Cover and Tumuli’s Shape as Affecting Factors of Microclimate and Biodeterioration Risk for the Conservation of Etruscan Tombs (Tarquinia, Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3393
Author(s):  
Giulia Caneva ◽  
Simone Langone ◽  
Flavia Bartoli ◽  
Adele Cecchini ◽  
Carlo Meneghini
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Ephemeral Plants ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Hot Season

The conservation of underground tombs is affected by several physical-chemical and biological factors, which could be reduced by insulating systems able to maintain the microclimatic stability also decreasing the biodeterioration risk. In Mediterranean areas, wild ephemeral plants, which reduce their cover during the hot season, seem unsuitable for reducing summer overheating. In this study, we wish to assess the influence of vegetation cover and of overlaying soil, after the establishment of an evergreen turf of a cultivar of Cynodon dactylon, on two tombs in the Etruscan Necropolis of Monterozzi, covered by linear-shaped tumuli. Therefore, we evaluated for 10 months the thermo-hygrometric values of these tombs, together with two tombs as controls. We also evaluated the different tumuli’s morphologies and the related received solar radiation. Results confirmed that late summer and early autumn as critical microclimatic periods for the risk factors of hypogeal paintings when peaks of superficial temperature occur. A positive influence of vegetation cover on maintaining constant humidity and internal temperatures was detected, but the mounds orientation, as well as soil depth, seems to have a relevant role. Considering the naturalistic features of the area and the related cultural ecosystem services, a careful selection of wild plants is suggested.

scholarly journals Wild Oat (Avena Fatua L.) and Canary Grass (Phalaris Minor Ritz.) Management Through Allelopathy

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawar Jabran ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Mubshir Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Complete Inhibition ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Phalaris Minor ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Canary Grass

Wild Oat (Avena FatuaL.) and Canary Grass (Phalaris MinorRitz.) Management Through AllelopathyEnvironmental contamination, herbicide resistance development among weeds and health concerns due to over and misuse of synthetic herbicides has led the researchers to focus on alternative weed management strategies. Allelochemicals extracted from various plant species can act as natural weed inhibitors. In this study, allelopathic extracts from four plant species sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], mulberry (Morus albaL.), barnyard grass [Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.], winter cherry [Withania somnifera(L.)] were tested for their potential to inhibit the most problematic wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) weeds wild oat (Avena fatuaL.) and canary grass (Phalaris minorRitz.). Data regarding time to start germination, time to 50% germination, mean germination time, final germination percentage, germination energy, root and shoot length, number of roots, number of leaves, and seedling fresh and dry weight was recorded for both the weeds, which showed that mulberry was the most inhibitory plant species while sorghum showed least allelopathic suppression against wild oat. Mulberry extracts resulted in a complete inhibition of the wild oat germination. The allelopathic potential for different plants against wild oat was in the order: mulberry > winter cherry > barnyard grass > sorghum. Mulberry, barnyard grass and winter cherry extracts resulted in a complete inhibition of canary grass. Sorghum however exhibited least suppressive or in some cases stimulatory effects on canary grass. Plants revealing strong allelopathic potential can be utilized to derive natural herbicides for weed control.

scholarly journals Estimation of plant productivity and nutrient extraction capacity along the length of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland treating swine wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Gaudereto Andries ◽  
Antonio Teixeira de Matos ◽  
Wallisson Da Silva Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Nutrient Extraction

The plant productivity and extraction capacity of nutrients present in swine wastewater (SWW) were quantified over 60 days in three horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CW) grown with three different plant species (Typha latifolia, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cynodon dactylon). The results show the decay of the dry matter yield (DMY) and the nutrient extraction capacity (NEC) by the plants throughout the system, which gave rise to the equations that relate these parameters to the hydraulic retention time (HRT) for each species. When possible, general equations that are independent of the plant species were also evaluated. The best model fit for the dry matter yield and N-total, N-ammoniacal, N-nitrate and P extraction by plants as a function of HRT was the decreasing potential and for K extraction was the linear regression. The coefficients of determination of equations for the species Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cynodon dactylon were, for the most part, higher than 0.8. On the other hand, the general equations presented coefficient of determination greater than 90% in all cases.

scholarly journals Why and How to Make Plant Conservation Ecosystem-Based

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Hamilton ◽  
Shengji Pei ◽  
Huyin Huai ◽  
Seona Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

Compared to other groups of organisms, plants require distinctive approaches in their conservation because of their keystone roles in ecosystems and economies. The state of the whole plant cover of the Earth should be of concern to conservationists – for its capacity to ensure the survival of plant species, deliver ecosystem services (locally to globally) and provide produce from plants in ecologically sustainable ways. The primary targets of attention in ecosystem-based plant conservation are the relationships between people and plants, as relevant to every locality, rather than the species-centric approach of conventional plant conservation. Moving plant conservation to an ecosystem-based approach will require the development of training programmes for field practitioners and of information systems for their use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document