scholarly journals See-through reflective optical elements with embedded wavelike films.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Smolovich ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kashin ◽  
V. Chernov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Transparent Material ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Experimental Specimen ◽  
Beam Combiner ◽  
Color Holography

The recently proposed optical elements containing semitransparent wavelike films embedded into the transparent material are investigated. Such optical elements do not distort a wave transmitted through them. Novel optical elements can be fabricated using well-known embossing methods. Their possible applications are discussed. The optical elements containing holographic wavelike films can be used for color holography, for augmented reality wearable glasses, as a beam combiner for head-up displays. The optical elements containing diffuse wavelike films can be used as an alternative for tinted car windows, instead of mirror-glass windows in high-rise buildings, for shop-windows, for one-way privacy windows, for printing images on eyeglasses. The scheme of a waveguide display with a single-layer holographic wavelike films is analyzed. The feasibility of the proposed applications is verified by estimation of the optical elements’ parameters and computer simulation, and measurements conducted on an experimental specimen.

scholarly journals Finite Element Prediction for the Internal Stresses of (Ti,Al)N Coatings

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.W. Żukowska ◽  
A. Śliwa ◽  
J. Mikuła ◽  
M. Bonek ◽  
W. Kwaśny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Pvd Coatings ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
Gradient Coatings ◽  
Element Method

The general topic of this paper is the computer simulation with use of finite element method (FEM) for determining the internal stresses of selected gradient and single-layer PVD coatings deposited on the sintered tool materials, including cemented carbides, cermets and Al2O3+TiC type oxide tool ceramics by cathodic arc evaporation CAE-PVD method. Developing an appropriate model allows the prediction of properties of PVD coatings, which are also the criterion of their selection for specific items, based on the parameters of technological processes. In addition, developed model can to a large extent eliminate the need for expensive and time-consuming experimental studies for the computer simulation. Developed models of internal stresses were performed with use of finite element method in ANSYS environment. The experimental values of stresses were calculated using the X-ray sin2ψ technique. The computer simulation results were compared with the experimental results. Microhardness and adhesion as well as wear range were measured to investigate the influence of stress distribution on the mechanical and functional properties of coatings. It was stated that occurrence of compressive stresses on the surface of gradient coating has advantageous influence on their mechanical properties, especially on microhardness. Absolute value reduction of internal stresses in the connection zone in case of the gradient coatings takes profitably effects on improvement the adhesion of coatings. It can be one of the most important reasons of increase the wear resistance of gradient coatings in comparison to single-layer coatings.

An Investigation on Bending Capacity of Support Stiffness Wall-Slab Structural System by Using Single Layer and Double Layer of Rebar for Residential Project

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 3670-3673
Author(s):  
Hooi Min Yee ◽  
Siti Isma Hani Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Average Percentage Difference ◽  
Bending Capacity

Wall-slab structural system is a system suitable for use in the field of high-rise building where the main load resisting system is in the form rigidly connected wall slab member. Concrete vertical walls may serve both architecturally partitions and structurally to carry gravity and lateral loading. Moment transfer of joint is an important aspect for proper structurally functioning of wall-slab system. Hence, the main aim of this study is to investigate experimentally the effect of reinforcement details in the wall on bending capacity for support stiffness in wall-slab system for residential project in Malaysia. A total of six wall specimens were tested based on the specification given by the project contractor. Three of this specimens consisted single layer of rebar while another three specimen consisted of double layer of rebar. The size of the wall-slab’s specimens is 1000mm in length (L), 1080mm in width (W), 1000mm in height (H) and 80mm in thickness (T). The average concrete strength was 23.49MPa with Grade 30N/mm2 and the average yield strength of R5 bar was 817MPa. The predicted bending capacity at failure is in the range from 5.36kNm to 7.12kNm, depending on actual concrete cover. The bending capacity at failure for single layered of rebar in wall for specimen 1, 2 and 3 were found to be 3.59kNm, 3.81kNm and 3.15kNm, respectively. The bending capacity at failure for double layered of rebar in wall for specimen 1, 2 and 3 were 5.50kNm, 6.31kNm and 7.00kNm, respectively. The average percentage difference in stiffness of double layered of rebar in wall based on load-deflection curve obtained is in the range from 116.17% to 289.88% higher than single layered of rebar in wall. Based on the experimental results, specimens consisted of double layered of rebar in wall is found to provide higher bending capacity to the joint of wall-slab structural system in the range from 56.25% to 98.86% compared with single layered of rebar in wall.

Interactive Monitoring of Production Process with Use of Augmented Reality Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Novak-Marcincin ◽  
Jozef Torok ◽  
Miroslav Janak ◽  
Ludmila Novakova-Marcincinova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Inspection Control

Monitoring of production process as a whole is currently possible with the progressive forms of computer simulation and displaying. The paper describes conceptual solution of improved diagnostic mapping of production process with use of the technology of augmented reality. The solution presents the powerful tool for visualization of diagnostic data useful mainly in the area of inspection, control and management of production operation.

scholarly journals On a problem of the synthesis of binary nano-optical elements

2016 ◽  
pp. 415-424
Author(s):  
А.А. Гончарский ◽  
С.Ю. Серёжников
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
Security Label

В рамках широко распространенной технологии Augmented Reality обсуждается возможность контроля подлинности защитных оптических меток на основе бинарных нанооптических элементов. С помощью смартфона фотографируют изображение защитной метки. Полученное изображение интерпретируется как дифракционный оптический элемент. В приближении Френеля рассчитывают изображение, формируемое дифракционным оптическим элементом, которое используют для идентификации подлинности защитной метки. Защитная метка представляет собой фазовый оптический элемент, глубина микрорельефа которого не превышает 0.5 мкм. Нанооптические элементы изготавливаются с помощью электроннолучевой литографии. Разработанные нанооптические элементы устойчивы к частичному повреждению микрорельефа и могут быть использованы для идентификации банкнот, документов и др. This paper deals with optical security label identification technology as a part of augmented reality technology. Security labels are based on binary nanooptical elements and are photographed using a smartphone. Photographed images are interpreted as diffractive optical elements. Optical images formed by these diffractive elements are computed using the Fresnel approximation. These images are used to identify the security labels. A security label consists of a phase optical element whose microrelief height is of no more than 0.5 $\mu$m. Nanooptical elements are manufactured using electron-beam lithography. The optical security labels are resistant against microrelief damages and can withstand partial loss of an image. The optical elements developed can be used to protect and identify banknotes, documents, etc.

scholarly journals Влияние побочных дифракционных порядков на качество изображения, формируемого рефракционно-дифракционной оптической системой среднего ИК диапазона

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Г.И. Грейсух ◽  
Е.Г. Ежов ◽  
О.А. Захаров ◽  
С.В. Казин
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Diffraction Efficiency ◽  
Spectral Range ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Central Wavelength ◽  
Relief Phase

The image formed by a refractive-diffractive optical system for the mid-IR range (3–5 µm) is investigated. The effect of the side diffraction orders of the diffractive corrector on the quality of this image near the optical axis is estimated both by computer simulation and experimentally. It is shown that the side diffraction orders of a single-layer sawtooth relief-phase microstructure will not noticeably affect the image quality under the following condition: the diffraction efficiency of the microstructure at the central wavelength of the operating spectral range is close to unity, and within the entire indicated spectral range it does not drop below 0.67.

scholarly journals A Low-Profile Antenna Based on Single-Layer Metasurface for Ku-Band Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yadgar I. Abdulkarim ◽  
Halgurd N. Awl ◽  
Fahmi F. Muhammadsharif ◽  
Muharrem Karaaslan ◽  
Rashad H. Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Antenna Gain ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Operating Frequency Range ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Ku Band

Improvement in the antenna gain is usually achieved at the expense of bandwidth and vice versa. This is where the realization of this enhancement can be made through compromising the antenna profile. In this work, we propose a new design of incorporating periodic metasurface array to enhance the bandwidth and gain while keeping the antenna to a low-profile scheme. The proposed antenna was simulated and fabricated in order to validate the results in the operating frequency range from 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz. Computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software was used to design and simulate the proposed antenna, while LPKF prototyping PCB machine was utilized to fabricate the antenna. Results showed that the antenna generated a gain and bandwidth of 14.2 dB and 2.13 GHz, respectively. Following the good agreement between the numerical and measurement results, it is believed that the proposed antenna can be potentially attractive for the application of satellite communications in Ku-band electromagnetic wave.

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