Bagaimana Inspeksi, Kontrol dan Supervisi mempengaruhi Pembinaan dan Pengembangan dari Pengawas Sekolah: Efek pada Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah

Improving the quality of educational institution requires adequate competence from a school principal to develop of school he leads, to help improve the professionalism of the principal, the government appoints an education supervisor whose job is to carry out managerial supervision. This research aims to reinforce the impact of spectrums of educational supervision in coaching and development for school principals. The present study adopted a quantitative approach through surveys. The population in this study were all school principals in Bandung, whereas the sample was a member of the population taken through a saturation sampling technique of 39 people. Assessed through multiple linear regression analysis, the current research also examined primary sources of data collected through fulfilling the interviews and questionnaires covering three spectrums of surveillance activities (aspects of inspection, control, supervision) as well as coaching and development for school principals. The results of analysis demonstrated that Fcount is 51.7 with a significance level of 0.000 ≤ 0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that the managerial supervision carried out by supervisors with inspection, control and supervision delivers a positive and significant impact in the coaching and development activities of school principals. This report presented the findings of research that supervisory must be proportionate, planned, directed and sustainable.

On One Approach to Assessing the Efficiency of Inspection and Control Activities

The problem is reviewed concerning the efficiency of inspection control activities assessment. The importance of using a risk-oriented approach for the transition to proactive methods of ensuring the production safety of hazardous production facilities is noted. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop the basic model in terms of using the value of prevented damage as one of the efficiency indicators. The analysis is made concerning the scientific publications from the point of view of the possibility and feasibility of using the Heinrich-Berd pyramid when justifying activities on ensuring industrial safety. The examples of using this approach in solving various practical tasks is given in the article. A methodological approach is proposed related to the assessment of prevented damage as one of the indicators of the efficiency of inspection control activities using the methodology of building the Heinrich-Berd pyramid. In addition to the existing 4-level classification of events in the field of industrial safety, it is recommended to introduce level 5 related to the identification of inconsistencies identified as the result of inspection and control activities. Identified inconsistencies are prerequisites for the events of level 4 of classification. It is assumed that the elimination of the identified inconsistencies (level 5) can potentially lead to the prevention of events at levels 1–4. The formula is proposed for calculating the prevented damage (direct and indirect) considering the ratio between the events of different levels and the level of elimination of the identified inconsistencies. Estimated calculations of the total prevented damage to the hazardous production facilities in the gas industry were performed. The calculations showed the adequacy and practical significance of the proposed approach. This approach, of course, requires testing and confirmation of the assumptions made, but in general shows that the value of the prevented damage can be estimated and used as one of the indicators of the efficiency of the inspection and control activities.

PROTECTION OF TRADEMARK RIGHTS

Administrative trademark protection is reflected in imposingadministrative measures against those persons who have violated a trademarkright, but also in the supervision over the implementation of regulations directlyreferring to the trademark propriety. Customs play essential role in implementingtrademark protection measures. Legal regulations of the European Unionmember states and TRIPS agreement regulate in detail the implementation ofcustoms control with the aim to prevent infringement of a trademark. In order toensure efficient work of customs offices against piracy and counterfeiting acrossnational borders, it is necessary to ensure an efficient protection system, itsimplementation and a data base on registered trademarks available to customsofficers. A special form of administrative control is carried out by means ofinspection control. Inspection control ensures the control of enforcement oflaws, bylaws and other regulations that are directly or indirectly related totrademark, with the aim to protect constitutionality and legality. TrademarkAct contains provisions that regulate the issue of misdemeanour trademarkprotection as one of the forms of penalty sanctions in case of an infringementof a trademark is established. Although the issue of misdemeanour trademarkprotection in legislation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized as a newarea, and the number of court decisions is relatively small to go in favour ofa relevant jurisprudence, in normative terms, Bosnia and Herzegovina is notlagging behind the neighbouring countries whose experience in the field oftrademark protection has lasted longer and the number of their court decisionsrelated to this field is higher.

Institute of Inspection Control over Parochial Schools (the Case of the Tobolsk Disctrict)

This article studies the inspection supervision implemented in parochial schools (established during Alexander III’s reign on the basis of the “Rules” of 1884) in the Tobolsk District. This study relies on the normative base of such primary schools and the previously unpublished sources from the archives of Kurgan and Tobolsk. Due to the constant increase in interest in the history of regional education, and with the search for successful historical experience in the field of effective control over the educational sphere, this topic seems relevant. Being interdisciplinary, it attracts the attention of both the history of Russia and the history of pedagogy. This problem was rarely studied separately as an independent topic of study. In academic discourse, it was analyzed only as one of the components of the educational process or as part of the general history of the church school. This article aims to fill in this lacuna. The author describes the stages in the development of supervisory institutions, from deans to observers. He also explains the reasons for refusing the services of the deans and introducing the Institute of observers, describes the typology of the Institute of Inspectorate (Imperial, diocesan, and county), their status and pay, Imperial and diocesan legal foundation. Special attention is paid to the specifics of the observers’ performance of their functional duties, which included audit trips to schools. The inspection trips resulted in reports containing comments and recommendations for further improvement of the educational process in church schools.