scholarly journals Loimologically significant pinniped helminths in Chukotka

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
O. E. Davydova ◽  
N. V. Esaulova ◽  
N. V. Kryukova
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Ringed Seal ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Spotted Seal ◽  
Ringed Seals ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Bering Sea

The purpose of the research is study of pinniped helminth fauna in Chukotka, and the analysis of the fish of the main commercial families infected with pathogens of helminthozoonoses based on modern literature.Materials and methods. The helminths were collected in autumn of 2019 from pinnipeds caught in the Mechigmenskaya Guba of the Bering Sea in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug by the method of partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin (gastrointestinal tract). Samples were examined from 6 walruses and 26 seals (13 spotted seals and 13 ringed seals). The helminths found were fixed in 70% alcohol. The helminth species were identified at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of the MVA named after K. I. Skryabin using reference literature.Results and discussion. All pinnipeds were infected with nematodes of the family Anisakidae. Mature Pseudoterranova desipiens were found in the walrus (Infection Prevalence = 16.7% with Infection Intensity = 3 specimens/animal), mature Ps. desipiens, as well as Contracoecum osculatum and Anisakis simplex larvae (IP = 30.8% with II from 5 to 57 specimens) were found in the spotted seal, and Ps. desipiens larvae and mature Ps. desipiens were found in the ringed seal (IP = 15.4% with II from 1 to 4 specimens). Thus, only Ps. desipiens were represented by mature stages (females and males), and two other species of anisakids, C. osculatum and A. simplex, were found in the seals in the larval stage.

scholarly journals Demersal Fish Diversity and Molecular Taxonomy in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xuehua wang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Puqing Song ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Arctic Fish ◽  
The Bering Sea

Abstract DNA barcoding by sequencing a standard region of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COⅠ) provides an accurate, rapid method for identifying different species. In this study, we provide a molecular taxonomic assessment of demersal fishes in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea based on DNA barcoding, and a total of 123 mitochondrial COⅠ partial fragments with a length of 652 bp were obtained. The consensus among all sequences was determined by alignment via a BLAST search in GenBank. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed on the basis of neighbor-joining (NJ) trees and barcoding gaps. The 39 species investigated in this analysis were distributed among 10 families. Five families within Scorpaeniformes including 19 species accounted for almost half of the species. The next largest group was Perciformes, with 9 species, followed by Pleuronectiformes and Gadiformes, with 5 species each, and the smallest number of species belonged to Rajiformes. At the family level, Cottidae was the largest family, followed by Zoarcidae, accounting for 8 species. The other eight families—Gadidae, Pleuronectidae, Psychrolutidae, Agonidae, Liparidae, Ammodytidae, Hexagrammidae, and Rajidae—accounted for a smaller proportion of species. In brief, our study shows that DNA barcodes are an effective tool for studying fish diversity and phylogeny in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea. The contribution of DNA barcoding to identifying Arctic fish species may benefit further Arctic fish studies on biodiversity, biogeography and conservation in the future.

scholarly journals A new species of Aaptos (Porifera, Hadromerida, Suberitidae) from Pribilof Canyon, Bering Sea, Alaska

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1939 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELMUT LEHNERT ◽  
JOHN HOCEVAR ◽  
ROBERT P. STONE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Submarine Canyons ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Hydraulic Manipulators ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Species ◽  
The Bering Sea

The Bering Sea is predominantly a shallow sea, with a massive shelf mostly shallower than 100 m. Pribilof Canyon and Zhemchug Canyon, two of the largest submarine canyons in the world, were explored in August 2007, by the Greenpeace vessel “Esperanza”, with manned submersibles and a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to depths of 1000 m. Specimens were collected with hydraulic manipulators operated by the pilots of the submersibles or with the ROV. Once on deck the specimens were transferred to ethanol. Pribilof Canyon is 426 km long and 1800 m deep, while Zhemchug Canyon is even larger and reaches depths of more than 2600 m (Normark and Carlson 2003). Here we describe a new species of Aaptos and compare it with representative congeners. The genus Aaptos was erected by Gray (1867) for Aaptos aaptos, described by Schmidt (1864) as Ancorina aaptos. Today, Aaptos is placed in Suberitidae Schmidt, 1870 and contains 21 species (Van Soest et al. 2005). For a more detailed historical review of the family and genus we refer to the publications of Kelly-Borges & Bergquist (1994) and to Van Soest (2002). According to Van Soest (2002), Aaptos is separated from other Suberitidae by its spherical or lobate growth forms, and by the presence of a strictly radial skeleton that contains characteristic strongyloxeas. The type species was described from the Mediterranean Sea (Algeria) and was then reported from many other areas of the world. These subsequent records likely represent additional undescribed species of Aaptos (Van Soest, 2002).

Oloncholaimus piipi gen. et sp. nov. (Nematoda, Oncholaimidae) from Piip submarine volcano, the Bering Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4802 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-568
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR V. MORDUKHOVICH ◽  
JULIA K. ZOGRAF ◽  
ANASTASIIA A. SAULENKO ◽  
NATALYA P. FADEEVA
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Submarine Volcano ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Bering Sea

Oloncholaimus piipi gen. et sp. nov. is described from Piip submarine volcano, the Bering Sea. Oloncholaimus gen. nov. shows all main characters of Oncholaiminae: females monodelphic-prodelphic with antidromously reflexed ovary, three teeth with left ventrosublateral the largest, oncholaimoid type of Demanian system. New genus can be differentiated from all other genera of the family Oncholaimidae by the complex shape of dorsal and right ventrosublateral teeth with apical antler-shaped extension. Oloncholaimus piipi sp. nov. has large body (5960–7045 μm), six outer labial and four cephalic setae equal in size (5–7 μm), equal spicules (110–131 μm long) without gubernaculum, and complex precloacal supplementary organ composed of 8–9 cylindrical processes. 

Fatty acid composition of blubber from the four species of Bering Sea phocid seals

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. West ◽  
John J. Burns ◽  
Marilyn Modafferi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Ringed Seal ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Phocid Seals ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
The Bering Sea

The fatty acid composition of blubber lipid was analyzed from one example of both sexes of the four species of phocid seals inhabiting the Bering Sea: spotted seal (Phoca vitulina largha), ringed seal (P. hispida), ribbon seal (P. fasciata), and bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus). All specimens had similar fatty acid complements (10 fatty acids predominated, ranging from chain lengths of 14 to 22 carbons with zero lo six double bonds) although there were specific differences among species and between sexes. The greatest interspecific differences in blubber fatty acid composition occurred in the ringed seal and may have been due to diet.Double-bond indices (indicating degree of unsaturation) were high in all samples and higher than those calculated for Atlantic or southern hemisphere seals. Melting points of the blubber lipid ranged from −2 to −8 °C for some components; all components melted below 15 °C correlating with expected peripheral blubber temperatures of seals in cold water of the Bering Sea.

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of megafauna on the Bering Sea slope based on ROV survey

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8628
Author(s):  
Elena Rybakova ◽  
Sergey Galkin ◽  
Andrey Gebruk ◽  
Nadezhda Sanamyan ◽  
Alexander Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Western Bering Sea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Depth Ranges ◽  
Video Surveys ◽  
The Bering Sea

Video surveys were carried out during the 75th cruise of the RV Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev (June 2016) along the northern slope of the Volcanologists Massif, in the south-western Bering Sea. The seafloor was explored using the ROV Comanche 18. Seven dives were performed in the depth range from 4,278 m to 349 m. Overall, about 180 species of megafauna were recognised. Fifteen types of megafauna communities corresponding to certain depth ranges were distinguished based on the most abundant taxa. Dominance changed with depth in the following order: the holothurian Kolga kamchatica at the maximum depth (4,277–4,278 m); the holothurian Scotoplanes kurilensis at 3,610–2,790 m; the ophiuroid Ophiura bathybia at 3,030–2,910 m; benthic shrimps of the family Crangonidae at 2,910–2,290 m; the holothurian Paelopatides solea at 2,650–2,290 m; benthic jellyfish from the family Rhopalonematidae at 2,470–2,130 m; the enteropneust Torquaratoridae at 2,290–1,830 m; the holothurian Synallactes chuni and the ophiuroid of the genera Ophiura and Ophiocantha at 1,830–1,750 m. At depths 1,750–720 m most of the megafauna was associated with live or dead colonies of the sponge Farrea spp. Depths 720–390 m were dominated by the coral Heteropolypus ritteri and/or Corallimorphus pilatus. At 390–350 m depth, the shallowest depth range, the dominant taxon was the zoantharian Epizoanthus sp. Soft sediment megafauna communities dominated by torquaratorid enteropneusts to our knowledge have not been observed before in the deep-sea, the same as communities with a dominance of benthopelagic rhopalonematid jellyfish. The depths of the largest community changes, or the largest turnover of dominant species, were revealed at ∼2,790 m between the bathyal and abyssal zones and ∼1,750 m and ∼720 m within the bathyal zone.

scholarly journals Feeding patterns of the plain sculpin Myoxocephalus jaok (Cuvier, 1829) (Cottidae) and its position in the trophic system of near-Kamchatka waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
A. M. Tokranov
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Sand Lance ◽  
Ammodytes Hexapterus ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pacific Sand Lance ◽  
Considerable Range ◽  
The Bering Sea

Feeding patterns of the plain sculpin Myoxocephalus jaok in near-Kamchatka waters of the Sea of Okhotsk, the Bering Sea and Pacific Ocean are considered using materials collected during 1978–2008. This species of Cottidae is characterized by wide feeding spectra (over 100 nutritive objects); nonetheless, fishes (on average 64.1 %) and Decapoda (32.2 %) have the highest significance in its diet. The fishes include flatfish Pleuronectidae (24.3 % of food mass), Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma (14.4 %), Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus (9.5 %), and sculpins Cottidae (5.6 %). Decapoda include crabs from the family Majidae (22.4 %) (Chionoecetes opilio – 14.2 %, Hyas coarctatus – 8.1 %), and Atelecyclidae (4.7 %) (Telmessus cheiragonus – 4.5 %) and shrimps from the family Crangonidae (3.1 %). Seasonal, local, interannual, and age-related changes in food composition of the plain sculpin are considered. This species is a facultative ambuscade predator; it is characterized by a wide feeding spectra that permits it to use a considerable range of food components. In the trophic system of near-Kamchatka regions, units that form the biomass of the plain sculpin are determined.

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