scholarly journals Residual effect of organics and direct effect of mineral nitrogen on rice (Oryza sativa L.) in two different textural soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-356
Author(s):  
Manivannan R. ◽  
M.V. Sriramachandrasekharan ◽  
P. Senthilvalavan ◽  
C. Ravikumar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Sandy Clay

Nitrogen through organics and inorganics application is an alternate to maintain soil health and crop productivity in the rice cropping system. With this background, field experiments were conducted in farmer’s field at Kuttalam during 2012-2013, 2013-14 to evaluate residual organics and mineral nitrogen (100%N) on growth parameters and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) in sandy clay loam and clay loam soil. The treatments consisted of residual organics viz., composted coir pith (CCP), green manures (GM), sugarcane trash compost (STC), vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM) and FYM applied(100%N) and a combination of above residual organics with urea@50%N besides 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) and control. The results revealed that residual organics and urea recorded higher growth parameters like plant height, chlorophyll content, leaf area index(LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate(RGR), net assimilation rate(NAR), No. of tillers/hill compared to their individual addition. The growth parameters were more under residual PM in combination with mineral nitrogen in both the soils. Residual PM + fertilizer nitrogen (100% N) recorded highest grain (4485, 4693 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6984, 5897 kg ha-1) in clay loam and sandy clay loam soils, respectively. The lowest grain(3292, 2993 kg ha-1) and straw yield(4998, 4003 kg ha-1) were recorded in residual GM + fertilizer (100% N) in both soils. Among organics alone, residual PM(100% N) registered highest grain yield (4025, 4048 kg ha-1) in both soils. It can be concluded that the application of poultry manure alone or in combination with N fertilizers enhanced the growth and improved soil health. 

scholarly journals Response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity and nutrient uptake to nitrogen and boron fertilization in Typic Ustifluvents soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1372-1377
Author(s):  
Abinaya M. ◽  
R. Manivannan ◽  
M.V. Sriramachandrasekharan ◽  
P. Senthilvalavan ◽  
S. Kalaisudarson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Nitrogen and boron are necessary for the metabolic activities of rice for its growth. With this perspective, a field experiment was conducted in farmer’s field during 2020 at Kuttalam, Mayladuthurai district, Tamilnadu in sandy clay loam(Padugai Series – TypicUstifluvents) to predict the response of rice (Oryza sativa) to different levels of nitrogen(N) and boron (B) application. The treatments consisted of Factor A- Nitrogen levels, 0, 75, 150, 225 kg ha-1 and Factor B- Boron levels 0, 1.5, 3.0 kg ha-1. Fifteen treatments were conducted in a Factorial randomised block (FRBD) design with three replications.  The test crop was rice with a variety ADT 46.    Concerning nitrogen alone, the highest grain (5344 kg ha-1) and straw yield was recorded in N3(225 kg ha-1). Among the boron levels tested, the highest grain (4695 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6509 kg ha-1) was registered in B1 (1.5 kg ha-1) in rice. The highest total nutrient uptake viz., N(88.2 kg ha-1), P(30.5 kg ha-1), K(105.0 kg ha-1) and B(172mg kg-1)  were recorded in N3B1. Among the N alone, the highest total nutrient uptake viz., N(78.1kg ha-1, P(26.3kg ha-1), K (95.8 kg ha-1) and B(156.6 mg kg-1) in N3. Concerning B alone, the highest nutrient uptake viz., N(60.5, kg ha-1) , P(17.8kg ha-1) K(74.9 kg ha-1) and B(112.1mg kg-1) were registered in B1 over other B levels. The highest grain (5631 kg ha-1) was recorded in N3B1 (225 kg N ha-1 and 1.5kg B ha-1) than other interactions. The study concluded that applying nitrogen and boron is required to achieve the maximum yield of rice in sandy clay loam soil.

Degradation of oxyfluorfen in sandy clay loam soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038-1041
Author(s):  
C Bharathi ◽  
P Murali Arthanari ◽  
C Chinnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Loam Soil

Comparison of oxidoreductive enzyme activities in three coal tar creosote-contaminated soils

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Telesiński ◽  
Teresa Krzyśko-Łupicka ◽  
Krystyna Cybulska ◽  
Barbara Pawłowska ◽  
Robert Biczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Oxidoreductase Activity ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Negative Effect

This study used laboratory experiments to compare the effects of coal tar creosote on the activity of oxidoreductive enzymes in sandy loam, loamy sand and sandy clay loam soils. Different amounts of coal tar creosote were added to soil samples as follows: 0 (control), 2, 10 or 50 g kg–1 dry matter. The activity of soil dehydrogenases (DHAs), o-diphenol oxidase (o-DPO), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase (NR) and peroxidases (POX) was determined. Contamination of soil with coal tar creosote affected oxidoreductase activity. Oxidoreductive enzyme activity following soil contamination with coal tar creosote was in the following order: DHAs > CAT > NR > POX > o-DPO in loamy sand and in sandy loam; and DHAs > POX > CAT > NR > o-DPO in sandy clay loam. The index of soil oxidoreductive activity (IOx) introduced in this study confirms the negative effect of coal tar creosote on oxidoreductase activity in soil. DHAs were the most sensitive to the contamination of soil with coal tar creosote. Moreover, the greatest changes in oxidoreductase activities were observed in loamy sand. Knowledge of the mechanism underlying the effects of coal tar creosote on oxidoreductive processes may enable development of a method for the bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soils.

Managing organic carbon of sandy clay loam soil with organic amendments to promote particle aggregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Noman Latif ◽  
Muhammad Arshad Khan ◽  
Qudrat Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Particle Aggregation ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Loam Soil

scholarly journals Modeling phosphorus distribution under different fertigation strategies in onion (Allium cepa L.) crop

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 720-729
Author(s):  
Sanjay T. Satpute ◽  
Man Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Phosphorus Distribution ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Loam Soil

The understanding of soil and nutrient dynamics under drip fertigation is relevant for crop production as well as water and nutrient management. The aim of this study was to generate information about the distribution of phosphorus (P) under different fertigation strategies for onion production on sandy clay loam soil during 2007-2008 to 2008-2009. The study involved field experiment, laboratory analysis and modeling of P distribution. The phosphorus distribution data in the field were collected, analyzed and used to calibrate and validate the solute transport model HYDRUS-2D for sandy clay loam soil. The performance of HYDRUS-2D was evaluated by comparing its simulated values with the observed values of soil moisture and nutrient concentration. The coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were used as model performance indicators. The range of R2 between 0.72-0.99 for water as well as nutrient distribution indicates good correlation between the observed and simulated values. The MAE and RMSE values for water and nutrient distribution were in between 0.0009 to 0.0039 which indicated the accuracy of the model. From these results, it can be concluded that the model is performing well for predicting the P concentration in the soil as well as the soil moisture distribution for onion crop grown under sandy clay loam. The model was also validated for water and phosphorus distribution with the observed values at the end of the crop season and found to be performing well. The HYDRUS-2D model may be used to carry out simulations for different soil types and with different fertigation and irrigation strategies for developing guidelines.

Leaching and mobility of carbofuran from granular and alginate controlled release formulations

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. MAREI ◽  
H. R. SOLTAN ◽  
A. MOUSA ◽  
A. KHAMIS
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Flooded Soil ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Controlled Release Formulations ◽  
Loam Soil

Controlled release (CR) formulations can significantly influence the fate of carbofuran in the environment. The influence of three alginate-encapsulated CR formulations compared with the granular formulation (G10%) on the mobility of carbofuran in sandy clay loam soil and sandy loam soil was investigated. In flooded soil the leaching potential of the three alginate controlled release formulations tested was decreased more than nine times (not more than 3%) compared with the G10% (28%). Most of the released carbofuran was confined to the top 0–5 cm of the soil column followed by the second 5–10 cm layer and the least was found in the fourth section (15–20 cm). The data obtained for a sandy loam soil irrigated by drip irrigation showed that the greatest proportion of carbofuran leached through the columns was from the G10% (52%) compared with 3–4% from CR formulations over a 30-day period. The carbofuran concentrations found in different soil depths showed similar trends to those for the flooded soil. Based on the residue levels recorded within the 20 cm depth, the relative retention ratio of carbofuran in sandy clay loam versus sandy loam soil was 1·2[ratio ]1 for the controlled release formulations and 1·9[ratio ]1 for the G10%.

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