scholarly journals Effect of elicitors on physiomorphological and biochemical parameters of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) and rapeseed (B. napus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Thakur ◽  
B.S. Sohal
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Total Sugars

The present investigation was aimed to assess the effect of different concentrations of elicitors viz., salicylic acid (SA) and benzothiadiazole (BTH) on physiomorphological and biochemical parameters of Brassica juncea and B. napus cultivars. The field experiment was conducted during 2012-13 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. Four different treatments of elicitors and a fungicide treatment were given to 10 week old plants up to four consecutive weeks. Content of total soluble protein, free amino acids, total sugars and reducing sugars ofleaves of both B. juncea and B. napus were evaluated after each spray. The content of total soluble protein increased, whereas the contents of free amino acids, total sugars and reducing sugars decreased in all the treatments after each spray. Among all the treatments, the combinations of elicitors, i.e., BTH (3 ppm) + SA (33 ppm) and BTH (7 ppm) + SA (17 ppm) exhibited maximum contents of total soluble protein, free amino acids, total sugars and reducing sugars than control in both the cultivars. These treatments were more pronounced in increasing plant height, internodal distance and number of pods per plant in both the cultivars. Our results suggest that the combinations of elicitors act synergistically to promote growth and metabolic activities in B. juncea and B. napus cultivars leading to the induction and regulation of disease resistance.

scholarly journals Effect of UV-B Radiation on Germination of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-891
Author(s):  
Nagendram Erram ◽  
Anil Gaddameedi ◽  
Swapna Siddamalla ◽  
Tumu Venkat Reddy ◽  
Manjula Bhanoori
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Proline Concentration

ABSTRACT: In the present investigation, Maize seeds of hybrid NK 6240 and 900M Gold were exposed to UV-B (280-320 nm) for periods of 40 and 60 minutes and compared with the control without exposer to UV-B. The biochemical changes associated with UV-B induced resistance were investigated by determination of proline concentration, total soluble sugars, total soluble protein, malondialdehyde content and free amino acids from leaves and roots. Also comparison for germination percentage between control and treated seeds was carried along with biochemical traits. Analysis of variance explains both the hybrids were significantly different in germination percentage, total soluble sugars, proline and free amino acids. Whereas both treatments showed high significant variation for all the studied traits, but genotype × treatment interaction was non-significant for all the traits. 40 minutes UV-B treated seeds showed reduced total soluble sugars and increased malondialdehyde, proline and total soluble protein content. In 60 minutes UV-B treatment, decrease in free amino acids, proline, percentage of germination, and total soluble protein and increase in total soluble sugars was observed.

scholarly journals Onion Extract Application Effects on Flowering Behavior and Yield, and a few Chemical Constituents of Shoots throughout Dormancy Break in "Anna" Apple Trees

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
M.A. Seif El-Yazal ◽  
Samir A. Seif El-Yazal ◽  
Mohamed E. Morsi ◽  
Mostafa M. Rady
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Onion Extract ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids

Metabolic changes in water content, total carbohydrates, total sugars, reducing sugars, anthocyanin, total free amino acids, proline and total indoles in shoots of "Anna" apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) trees were investigated during dormancy and bud break under the effect of foliar application of four onion extract rates (5, 10, 15 and 20%). Flowering percentage and fruit yield characteristics (i.e., fruit-set, number of fruits tree-1 and fruit yield tree-1) were increased, while number of days recorded to reach full bloom were reduced with the application of both onion extract rates (15 or 20%). In addition, contents of total carbohydrates, total sugars, reducing sugars, anthocyanin, total free amino acids, proline and total indoles in shoots were significantly increased in floral buds, particularly during bud break. In contrast, the content of free phenols was reduced. The best results were obtained from the rate of onion extract at the level of 20% followed by 15% that could be recommended for early and high percentage of flowering and increased yield by regulating the metabolism of amino acids, including proline and indoles in apple floral buds.

scholarly journals Changes in Metabolic Processes during Break Dormancy in Apple Buds under Foliar-Applied Garlic Extract

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids

The effect of garlic extract at different concentrations for reaching early break dormancy in buds of "Anna" apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) trees and their effects on metabolic changes in the content of shoots from (water content %, total carbohydrates, total sugars, reducing sugars, anthocyanine, total free amino acids, free proline, total indoles and free phenoles) during their release from dormancy were investigated. The trees were grown in loamy sand soil, and sprayed with five treatments; 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% garlic extract. Generally, it was found that all studied flowering parameters; date of flower buds break, percentage of bud’s break, fruit set, total number of fruits/tree, yield/tree (kg) and seasonal changes in some chemical constituents of shoots; water content %, total carbohydrates, total sugars, reducing sugars, anthocyanine, total free amino acids, free proline and total indoles were increased with the application of different treatments. The best results were obtained from the treatments of garlic extract at 15 % flowed by 20 %. On the contrary, the same treatments decreased free phenols in shoots as compared to the control. It could be recommended to use garlic extract at the rate of 15 % for improving bud break, growth, yield and chemical constituents of apple shoots

Effect of salinity on soluble protein, free amino acids and nicotine contents inNicotiana rustica L.

1987 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Cusido ◽  
J. Palazon ◽  
T. Altabella ◽  
C. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Flower Extracts from Centaurea spp. Depends on Their Content of Phenolics, Flavonoids and Free Amino Acids

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7465
Author(s):  
Piotr Salachna ◽  
Anna Pietrak ◽  
Łukasz Łopusiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Important Health

Scientists intensely search for new sources of antioxidants, perceived as important health-promoting agents. Some species of the large genus Centaurea provide raw materials for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as well as produce edible flowers. This is the first study that determines the content of total polyphenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars, free amino acids and the antioxidant potential in the flower extracts of C. nigra L., C. orientalis L. and C. phrygia L. The total polyphenol and flavonoid content is the highest in the extract of C. orientalis, and the lowest in that of C. phrygia. Similarly, C. orientalis shows the greatest scavenging activity on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), ABTS [2,2′-azobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] and Fe3+ reducing power assays, whereas the lowest activity is found for C. phrygia. The highest content of reducing sugars is found in C. nigra, while C. orientalis has the highest levels of free amino acids. We find a strong positive correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity of all three Centaurea species. Moreover, the content of free amino acids strongly and positively correlates with the levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, antioxidant activity assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays and Fe3+ reducing power. Summing up, C. orientalis exhibits the strongest antioxidant potential of the investigated Centaurea species. This species could potentially be a natural source of antioxidant substances for the pharmacy, cosmetics and food industries. The content of free amino acids may be used as a marker of the antioxidant status of Centaurea species.

scholarly journals Modification of cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings by kinetin

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.A. Al-Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Cadmium Treatment

The effect of foliar application of kinetin on the growth and some physiological processes of pea plants growing in soil supplemented with 25 or 50&micro;M Cd were studied. Cadmium treatment inhibited the growth rate, chlorophyll (Chl) content, net photosynthesis (P<sub>N</sub>), content of soluble sugars and free amino acids of either shoots or roots. The application of kinetin (kin) enhanced the growth rate, Chl content, P<sub>N</sub>, soluble sugars and free amino acids content of shoots and roots; dark respiration rate (R<sub>D</sub>), contents of soluble protein and proline were increased by cadmium treatment. The addition of kinetin to Cd-stressed plant reduced R<sub>D</sub>, soluble protein and proline content. Considerable variations in the content of Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> were induced by Cd-treatments. Foliar application of kinetin exhibited a favorable effect on the accumulation of some ions and antagonized or ameliorated the inhibitory effect of Cd stress on some others.

scholarly journals Sulfur limitation increases nitrate and amino acid pools in tropical forages

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Schmidt ◽  
Fabiano D. De Bona ◽  
Francisco A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Guinea Grass

Increasing the supply of sulfur (S) to forage plants can change their nitrogen (N) metabolism, causing changes in the N : S ratio that can potentially affect forage production and quality. The present study was focussed on revealing how supply (low, intermediate, high) of S affects amino acid composition and concentrations of total S, total N, sulfate-S, nitrate-N, and soluble protein in the leaves of tropical pasture species. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in ground quartz (inert solid substrate) culture to examine the effect of S supply in two tropical species: Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (Guinea grass) and Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirão (stylo). Because legumes have greater S requirement than do grass species, application levels of S varied according to the species. Guinea grass was grown with 0.10, 0.55, 1.00, 1.45, and 1.90 mmol L−1 of S, and stylo with 0.10, 0.70, 1.30, 1.90 and 2.50 mmol L−1 of S. Plants of both species were harvested on two occasions. Low S availability (0.10 mmol L−1) caused a nutritional imbalance with N in Guinea grass and stylo plants, as shown by a high N : S ratio (>60 : 1), and high concentrations of nitrate-N and free amino acids in plant tissues. Increased S supply regulated the N : S ratio at values close to 20 : 1, which provided N and S concentrations more suitable for protein synthesis and optimum forage production for both forage species. Asparagine was the predominant amino acid present in S-limited Guinea grass, whereas arginine was more abundant in S-limited stylo. This result indicates that a limitation of S increases nitrate-N and free amino acids while decreasing plant growth rates and soluble protein concentrations in these forage species.

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