scholarly journals Modification of cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings by kinetin

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.A. Al-Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Cadmium Treatment

The effect of foliar application of kinetin on the growth and some physiological processes of pea plants growing in soil supplemented with 25 or 50&micro;M Cd were studied. Cadmium treatment inhibited the growth rate, chlorophyll (Chl) content, net photosynthesis (P<sub>N</sub>), content of soluble sugars and free amino acids of either shoots or roots. The application of kinetin (kin) enhanced the growth rate, Chl content, P<sub>N</sub>, soluble sugars and free amino acids content of shoots and roots; dark respiration rate (R<sub>D</sub>), contents of soluble protein and proline were increased by cadmium treatment. The addition of kinetin to Cd-stressed plant reduced R<sub>D</sub>, soluble protein and proline content. Considerable variations in the content of Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> were induced by Cd-treatments. Foliar application of kinetin exhibited a favorable effect on the accumulation of some ions and antagonized or ameliorated the inhibitory effect of Cd stress on some others.

scholarly journals Effect of UV-B Radiation on Germination of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-891
Author(s):  
Nagendram Erram ◽  
Anil Gaddameedi ◽  
Swapna Siddamalla ◽  
Tumu Venkat Reddy ◽  
Manjula Bhanoori
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Proline Concentration

ABSTRACT: In the present investigation, Maize seeds of hybrid NK 6240 and 900M Gold were exposed to UV-B (280-320 nm) for periods of 40 and 60 minutes and compared with the control without exposer to UV-B. The biochemical changes associated with UV-B induced resistance were investigated by determination of proline concentration, total soluble sugars, total soluble protein, malondialdehyde content and free amino acids from leaves and roots. Also comparison for germination percentage between control and treated seeds was carried along with biochemical traits. Analysis of variance explains both the hybrids were significantly different in germination percentage, total soluble sugars, proline and free amino acids. Whereas both treatments showed high significant variation for all the studied traits, but genotype × treatment interaction was non-significant for all the traits. 40 minutes UV-B treated seeds showed reduced total soluble sugars and increased malondialdehyde, proline and total soluble protein content. In 60 minutes UV-B treatment, decrease in free amino acids, proline, percentage of germination, and total soluble protein and increase in total soluble sugars was observed.

Effect of salinity on soluble protein, free amino acids and nicotine contents inNicotiana rustica L.

1987 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Cusido ◽  
J. Palazon ◽  
T. Altabella ◽  
C. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino

Effects of ozone on 14CO2 fixation patterns in pine

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1573-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Wilkinson ◽  
Robert L. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
White Pine ◽  
14Co2 Fixation ◽  
Sugar Phosphates

Seedlings of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and detached shoots of white and loblolly (P. taeda L.) pines were exposed to various concentrations of ozone either before or during photosynthetic fixation of 14CO2. The major changes in distribution of 14C as a result of ozone treatment were (1) a reduction of relative activity in soluble sugars; (2) an increase in activity in sugar phosphates; and (3) an increase in activity in free amino acids, especially alanine. Significant differences in 14C fixation patterns were observed at ozone concentrations as low as 10 pphm (parts per hundred million), and during 14CO2 fixation times as short as 10 min. However, other combinations of treatment levels and times did not always result in statistically significant effects.

scholarly journals Investigation of Growth, Free Amino Acids, and Carbohydrate Concentration in the Roots of Perennial Ryegrass in Response to Soil Salinity at Subsurface Soil Depths

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangjun Zhao ◽  
Margaret Mukami Gitau ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Yan Xie ◽  
Longxing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Subsurface Soil

Plants growing in salt-affected soils may have retarded growth and inhibited or altered metabolic processes. This study aims at investigating the impact of subsurface soil salinity on root growth and metabolic processes in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The seeds of perennial ryegrass (cv. Quick Start II) were planted in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes (10 cm diameter × 42 cm long) for 2 months. The experiment consisted of three treatments: 1) control, 40 cm filled with sand–peat mixture (7 sand : 3 peat wt/wt); 2) T20, a 20-cm-deep layer of saline soil covered with a 20-cm-deep layer of sand–peat mixture; and 3) T30, a 30-cm-deep layer of saline soil covered with a 10-cm-deep layer of sand–peat mixture. Our study showed that soil salinity at the subsurface inhibited the growth of perennial ryegrass roots. Compared with the control, the root activity in saline soil layer decreased, whereas it remained high in the mixture-soil zone. The content of amino acids in the roots obtained from the surface soil (0–10 cm) in T30 was greater than that in both the T20 and the control regimes. The content of soluble sugars in the roots went up with the decrease of the depth of sand–peat mixture. The increased root activity and free amino acids content in the roots sampled from the upper soil layers coupled with the increased soluble sugars in the roots subjected to soil salinity stress in the bottom soil layer represents some adaptive responses and regulative mechanisms in perennial ryegrass.

scholarly journals Seed reserve composition and mobilization during germination and initial seedling development of Euphorbia heterophylla

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
CECILIA N.K. SUDA ◽  
JARBAS F. GIORGINI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Rapid Transfer ◽  
Albumin Depletion

Seed composition and reserve mobilization were investigated in wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.). Lipids, around 60% of seed dry mass, are the major reserve. Proteins, including albumins (49%), salt insoluble globulins (30%), salt-soluble globulins (21%) and prolamins (0.3%), comprise about a quarter of seed dry mass. Soluble sugars comprise about 3.6% of seed dry mass, sucrose being the predominant sugar. Starch was not detected in the endosperm of E. heterophylla. Lipid depletion starts after initial imbibition, and is completed between 72 and 96 hours. Protein fractions exhibit different degradation patterns, salt-soluble globulins being continuously degraded after the start of imbibition whereas salt insoluble fractions are degraded between 36 and 72 hours, and albumins between 60 and 84 hours. Globulin depletion is accompanied by an increase in free amino acids in the endosperm whereas intense albumin depletion is not. This result suggests that during albumin depletion there is a rapid transfer of amino acids to the growing embryo. Histochemical studies indicated that light accelerates protein degradation in the micropylar area of the seed. Soluble sugars increase in the embryo with no concomitant decrease in the endosperm, suggesting that sugars are mostly originated from the catabolism of lipids.

scholarly journals Seed Pretreatment and Foliar Application of Proline Regulate Morphological, Physio-Biochemical Processes and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Plants of Two Cultivars of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Hira Yaqoob ◽  
Nudrat A. Akram ◽  
Samrah Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Noman Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids

In the current study, the effects of exogenously applied proline (25 and 50 mM) and low-temperature treatment were examined on the physiochemical parameters in the plants of two cultivars (V1 and V2) of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). The seeds were also exposed to chilling stress at 4 °C before sowing. Plants raised from the seeds treated with low temperature showed reduced plant growth and contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids, but they had significantly increased contents of malondialdehyde, proline, ascorbic acid, total free amino acids, total soluble sugars, and total phenolics, as well as the activity of the peroxidase (POD) enzyme. Cold stress applied to seeds remained almost ineffective in terms of bringing about changes in plant root, hydrogen peroxide, glycine betaine and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzymes. The exogenous application of proline significantly increased plant growth, the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, ascorbic acid, total free amino acids, phenolics, and total soluble sugars, as well as the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, but it decreased malondialdehyde content. Overall, foliar application of proline was better than the seed treatment in improving root dry weight, root length, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, glycine betaine, ascorbic acid and superoxide dismutase activity, whereas seed pre-treatment with proline was effective in improving shoot dry weight, shoot length, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and peroxidase activity in both quinoa cultivars.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document