Detailed elaboration and general model of the electron treatment of surfaces of charged plasmoids (from atomic nuclei to white dwarves, neutron stars, and galactic cores): Self-condensation (self-constriction) and classification of charged plasma structures—Plasmoids part 1. General analysis of the convective cumulative-dissipative processes caused by the violation of neutrality: Metastable charged plasmoids and plasma lenses

ABSTRACT Using the Metropolis method to compute path integrals, the energy of a quantum strongly coupled Coulomb liquid (1 ≤ Γ ≤ 175), composed of distinguishable atomic nuclei and a uniform incompressible electron background, is calculated from first principles. The range of temperatures and densities considered represents fully ionized layers of white dwarfs and neutron stars. In particular, the results allow one to determine reliably the heat capacity of ions in dense fluid stellar matter, which is a crucial ingredient for modelling the thermal evolution of compact degenerate stars.

Download Full-text

IX.—The Bronze Spear-head in Great Britain and Ireland

Archaeologia ◽

10.1017/s0261340900005403 ◽

1933 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

pp. 187-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Estyn Evans

Keyword(s):

Great Britain ◽

Bronze Age ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

General Analysis ◽

Late Prehistoric ◽

The Subject ◽

The Bronze Age

Any study of British spear-heads of the Bronze Age must be inspired by, and largely based on, the very valuable pioneer work of Greenwell and Brewis, whose handsomely illustrated paper on ‘The Origin, Evolution and Classification of the Bronze Spear-head in Great Britain and Ireland’ was published in Archaeologia for 1909. Indeed, their general analysis of the subject is so masterly and their conclusions so impressive that the paper has perhaps been allowed to pass too long unchallenged. Relatively little was known, a quarter of a century ago, of the continental material, and the close connexions between Britain and the mainland in late prehistoric times were almost unsuspected. Comparative studies have revealed the widespread interchange of various products and ideas in the European Bronze Age ; and no one would now go so far as to claim, with Greenwell and Brewis, that ‘there can be no doubt whatever that the spear-head in its origin, progress, and final consummation, was an indigenous product of these islands, and was manufactured within their limits apart from any controlling influence from outside’.

Download Full-text

Linear Estimation of the Rigid-Body Acceleration Field From Point-Acceleration Measurements

Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control ◽

10.1115/1.3117209 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 131 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Philippe Cardou ◽

Jorge Angeles

Keyword(s):

Rigid Body ◽

General Model ◽

Development Stage ◽

Linear Estimation ◽

Symbolic Manipulation ◽

Evaluation Tool ◽

Body Acceleration ◽

Acceleration Field ◽

Case Basis

Among other applications, accelerometer arrays have been used extensively in crashworthiness to measure the acceleration field of the head of a dummy subjected to impact. As it turns out, most accelerometer arrays proposed in the literature were analyzed on a case-by-case basis, often not knowing what components of the rigid-body acceleration field the sensor allows to estimate. We introduce a general model of accelerometer behavior, which encompasses the features of all acclerometer arrays proposed in the literature, with the purpose of determining their scope and limitations. The model proposed leads to a classification of accelerometer arrays into three types: point-determined; tangentially determined; and radially determined. The conditions that define each type are established, then applied to the three types drawn from the literature. The model proposed lends itself to a symbolic manipulation, which can be readily automated, with the purpose of providing an evaluation tool for any acceleration array, which should be invaluable at the development stage, especially when a rich set of variants is proposed.

Download Full-text

Simple memory: a theory for archicortex

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1971.0078 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 262 (841) ◽

pp. 23-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1586

Keyword(s):

General Model ◽

Mammalian Brain ◽

Functional Classification ◽

Functional Interpretation ◽

Fascia Dentata ◽

Simple Representation ◽

Cornu Ammonis ◽

Numerical Examination

It is proposed that the most important characteristic of archicortex is its ability to perform a simple kind of memorizing task. It is shown that rather general numerical constraints roughly determine the dimensions of memorizing models for the mammalian brain, and from these is derived a general model for archicortex. The addition of further constraints leads to the notion of a simple representation, which is a way of translating a great deal of information into the firing of about 200 out of a population of 105 cells. It is shown that if about 10 5 simple representations are stored in such a population of cells, very little information about a single learnt event is necessary to provoke its recall. A detailed numerical examination is made of a particular example of this kind of memory, and various general conclusions are drawn from the analysis. The insight gained from these models is used to derive theories for various archicortical areas. A functional interpretation is given of the cells and synapses of the area entorhinalis, the presubiculum, the prosubiculum, the cornu ammonis and the fascia dentata. Many predictions are made, a substantial number of which must be true if the theory is correct. A general functional classification of typical archicortical cells is proposed.

Download Full-text

Victimological Prevention of Crimes in the Field of Physical Culture and Sports

JURNAL CITA HUKUM ◽

10.15408/jch.v9i1.19726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Oleksii Lytvynov ◽

Anastasia Dzhuzha ◽

Hanna Spitsyna ◽

Dmytro Tychyna

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

General Analysis ◽

Physical Culture ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Moral Damage ◽

Legitimate Interests ◽

Compensation For Damage ◽

Ordinary Citizens

The purpose of the article is to analyze the victimological prevention of crimes in the field of physical culture and sports. The authors of the article have carried out a general analysis of victimological prevention of crimes. The authors have defined the list of crimes, the commission of which directly resulted to physical, material or moral damage to athletes, dividing them into crimes: the victims of which are exclusively athletes and the victims of which are both ordinary citizens and athletes. Based on the motivation, the authors have accomplished classification of athletes who have become victims of criminal encroachments and have offered the directions of victimological prevention of crimes in this sphere. It should be noted that general victimological prevention measures are aimed at identifying victimogenic factors and taking measures to eliminate or neutralize them, i.e. to identify the reasons and conditions of becoming a victim related to protecting the interests of potential victims in general, and to eliminate the causes of their victimization. In general, the problem of protecting the rights and legitimate interests of victims of crimes, effective restoration of their rights, compensation for damage caused by crime, which has being studied since the mid-90s of the last century in connection with the growth rate of crime, remains unresolved, in particular, in the field of physical culture and sports.Key words: victimology; victimologic prevention of crimes; a victim; sphere of physical culture and sports Виктимологическая профилактика преступлений в области физической культуры и спорта АннотацияЦелью статьи является анализ виктимологической профилактики преступлений в сфере физической культуры и спорта. В статье проведен общий анализ виктимологической профилактики преступлений. Авторами определен перечень преступлений, совершение которых напрямую повлекло за собой физический, материальный или моральный ущерб спортсменам, разделив их на преступления, жертвами которых являются: 1) исключительно спортсмены; 2) как обычные граждане, так и спортсмены. На основе мотивации проведена классификация спортсменов, ставших жертвами преступных посягательств, и предложены направления виктимологической профилактики преступлений в этой сфере. Отмечается, что общие меры виктимологической профилактики направлены на выявление виктимогенных факторов и принятие мер по их устранению или нейтрализации, то есть выявление причин и условий, связанных с защитой интересов потенциальных жертв в целом, и устранение причины их виктимизации. В целом проблема защиты прав и законных интересов потерпевших от преступлений, эффективного восстановления их прав, возмещения ущерба, причиненного преступлением, изучается с середины 90-х годов прошлого века в связи с ростом преступности, в частности, и в сфере физической культуры и спорта.Ключевые слова: виктимология; виктимологическая профилактика преступлений; жертва; сфера физической культуры и спорта.

Download Full-text

Gravitational waves from neutron stars and asteroseismology

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2017.0285 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 376 (2120) ◽

pp. 20170285 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wynn C. G. Ho

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Wave ◽

Neutron Stars ◽

Gravitational Wave ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Massive Stars ◽

Supernova Explosion ◽

Wide Binary ◽

Fundamental Physics ◽

Atomic Nuclei ◽

The Earth

Neutron stars are born in the supernova explosion of massive stars. Neutron stars rotate as stably as atomic clocks and possess densities exceeding that of atomic nuclei and magnetic fields millions to billions of times stronger than those created in laboratories on the Earth. The physical properties of neutron stars are determined by many areas of fundamental physics, and detection of gravitational waves can provide invaluable insights into our understanding of these areas. Here, we describe some of the physics and astrophysics of neutron stars and how traditional electromagnetic wave observations provide clues to the sorts of gravitational waves we expect from these stars. We pay particular attention to neutron star fluid oscillations, examining their impact on electromagnetic and gravitational wave observations when these stars are in a wide binary or isolated system, then during binary inspiral right before merger, and finally at times soon after merger. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The promises of gravitational-wave astronomy’.

Download Full-text