BIOLOGICAL LAWS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE FETUS IN CATTLE IN THE EMBRYONIC PERIOD OF ONTOGENESIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
N.G. Fenchenko ◽  
◽  
N.I. Khairullina ◽  
D.H. Shamsutdinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Period ◽  
Biological Laws

Effect of autumn feeding on dynamics of rectal congestion with excrement in carpathian breed honey bees

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Olesya V Strelbitskaya ◽  
◽  
Vladimir I. Kravchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Biological Laws ◽  
Honey Solution ◽  
Bee Colonies

Basic biological laws that govern the life of the bee family, as well as considering it as a whole organism, are necessary instruments for implementing effective methods of beekeeping and increasing the productivity of the industry. The study of the exterior features of bees must be carried out from different points of view for the concept of the complex activity of the bee family and in order to recommend methods for improving the preparation of bees for winter. Study of the mass of working bees and their rectum began to be used as the main indicator that affects the nature of the preparation of bee individuals for wintering. From the point of view of both theory and practice, filling the rectum with excrement in the autumn period will be an important indicator of an effective wintering in terms of preserving and further developing bee colonies. Effect of two kinds of liquid top feeding acidified with apple cider vinegar on the rectum congestion with excrement in working bees in the autumn, and the safety of bee colonies after winter was discussed in the article. The results of the indicators of the mass of working bees and intestinal mass when feeding two types of top dressing in the form of sugar syrup and honey solution with the addition of apple cider vinegar for the purpose of acidification are presented. The dynamics of rectal congestion in this group of bees is less compared to the group of bees receiving food in the form of sugar syrup. After wintering, during the spring audit, it was found that the safety of bees fed the autumn top dressing in the form of a honey solution with the addition of apple cider vinegar was 95% compared to bee families that received sugar syrup, the safety was 80.5%, with the detection of liquid excrement on the walls of hives and honeycombs

Virtual ultrasound embryo autopsy – myth or reality? Part 1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Blinov
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Central Nervous System Defects

A review of literature data on the study of human embryos using new methods of medical imaging is given. The possibility of prenatal diagnosis of severe central nervous system defects has been demonstrated already in the embryonic period at 8–10 weeks of gestation or at the age of 16 to 23 stages of the embryonic development period

Iron overload during the embryonic period develops hyperactive like behavior and dysregulation of biogenic amines in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 475 ◽  
pp. 80-90
Author(s):  
Márcia Rósula Poetini ◽  
Elize Aparecida Santos Musachio ◽  
Stífani Machado Araujo ◽  
Francielli Polet Almeida ◽  
Mustafa Munir Mustafa Dahleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Embryonic Period

The development of the tensor vastus intermedius during the human embryonic period and its clinical implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Utsunomiya ◽  
Ryota Kodama ◽  
Yutaka Yamaguchi ◽  
Itaru Tsuge ◽  
Shigehito Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
Vastus Intermedius

scholarly journals An Algorithm for Global Optimization Inspired by Collective Animal Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Cuevas ◽  
Mauricio González ◽  
Daniel Zaldivar ◽  
Marco Pérez-Cisneros ◽  
Guillermo García
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Collective Motion ◽  
Global Optimum ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Collective Behaviors ◽  
Biological Laws ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Collective Animal Behavior

A metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization called the collective animal behavior (CAB) is introduced. Animal groups, such as schools of fish, flocks of birds, swarms of locusts, and herds of wildebeest, exhibit a variety of behaviors including swarming about a food source, milling around a central locations, or migrating over large distances in aligned groups. These collective behaviors are often advantageous to groups, allowing them to increase their harvesting efficiency, to follow better migration routes, to improve their aerodynamic, and to avoid predation. In the proposed algorithm, the searcher agents emulate a group of animals which interact with each other based on the biological laws of collective motion. The proposed method has been compared to other well-known optimization algorithms. The results show good performance of the proposed method when searching for a global optimum of several benchmark functions.

Computation and cognition: issues in the foundations of cognitive science

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenon W. Pylyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Symbolic Representations ◽  
Natural Domain ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
Biological Laws ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Level Of Analysis

AbstractThe computational view of mind rests on certain intuitions regarding the fundamental similarity between computation and cognition. We examine some of these intuitions and suggest that they derive from the fact that computers and human organisms are both physical systems whose behavior is correctly described as being governed by rules acting on symbolic representations. Some of the implications of this view are discussed. It is suggested that a fundamental hypothesis of this approach (the “proprietary vocabulary hypothesis”) is that there is a natural domain of human functioning (roughly what we intuitively associate with perceiving, reasoning, and acting) that can be addressed exclusively in terms of a formal symbolic or algorithmic vocabulary or level of analysis.Much of the paper elaborates various conditions that need to be met if a literal view of mental activity as computation is to serve as the basis for explanatory theories. The coherence of such a view depends on there being a principled distinction between functions whose explanation requires that we posit internal representations and those that we can appropriately describe as merely instantiating causal physical or biological laws. In this paper the distinction is empirically grounded in a methodological criterion called the “cognitive impenetrability condition.” Functions are said to be cognitively impenetrable if they cannot be influenced by such purely cognitive factors as goals, beliefs, inferences, tacit knowledge, and so on. Such a criterion makes it possible to empirically separate the fixed capacities of mind (called its “functional architecture”) from the particular representations and algorithms used on specific occasions. In order for computational theories to avoid being ad hoc, they must deal effectively with the “degrees of freedom” problem by constraining the extent to which they can be arbitrarily adjusted post hoc to fit some particular set of observations. This in turn requires that the fixed architectural function and the algorithms be independently validated. It is argued that the architectural assumptions implicit in many contemporary models run afoul of the cognitive impenetrability condition, since the required fixed functions are demonstrably sensitive to tacit knowledge and goals. The paper concludes with some tactical suggestions for the development of computational cognitive theories.

Growth and Asymmetry of the Human Liver During the Embryonic Period

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grover M. Hutchins ◽  
G. William Moore
Keyword(s):  
Human Liver ◽  
Embryonic Period

Moving cheaply: energetics of walking in the African elephant.

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
V A Langman ◽  
T J Roberts ◽  
J Black ◽  
G M Maloiy ◽  
N C Heglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
African Elephant ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Energetic Cost ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Cost Of Locomotion ◽  
Biological Laws ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
The Cost

Large animals have a much better fuel economy than small ones, both when they rest and when they run. At rest, each gram of tissue of the largest land animal, the African elephant, consumes metabolic energy at 1/20 the rate of a mouse; using existing allometric relationships, we calculate that it should be able to carry 1 g of its tissue (or a load) for 1 km at 1/40 the cost for a mouse. These relationships between energetics and size are so consistent that they have been characterized as biological laws. The elephant has massive legs and lumbers along awkwardly, suggesting that it might expend more energy to move about than other animals. We find, however, that its energetic cost of locomotion is predicted remarkably well by the allometric relationships and is the lowest recorded for any living land animal.

Influence of ionizing radiations on the development of the nervous system

1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Geets
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Functional Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

SUMMARYThe first cellular differentiation in the process of segmentation leads to the embryonic period, the major organogenetic period for the nervous system. In man, it appears between the second and the eighth week after conception.During the foetal and perinatal periods, the nervous organization mainly develops at the cerebellum and cerebral cortex levels. The cerebrum functional maturation continues well beyond birth.Neuroblasts are the most widespread mother-cells in the developing nervous system during the embryonic period, but some are still to be found after birth.Animal experiment has demonstrated that ionizing radiations were able to disorganize neurogenesis in any of its maturation stages, even at very low doses. It is possible to establish a chronological table showing the anatomical or functional deformities in relation with the embryonic age at which rays have been given.It appears that in man the most dangerous period is between the beginning of the second and the end of the eighth week after conception. At that moment, pregnancy is often ignored and a dose of 20 to 40 r is sufficient to entail serious damages, such as microcephaly, protrusions of the brain or mental retardation. On drawing near to birth the foetal or neonatal nervous system of rodents or primates is still radiosensitive, especially at the cerebral cortex level and the consequences will be of a neurophysiologic or psychosensorial nature. Certain embryopathies or neurologic alterations would only be apparent in subsequent generations, following mutations induced into the mother-cells of the nervous system. Genetic deformities of the nervous system can also result from moderate irradiations of the gonads.Further to the precise experimental research work on the radiovulnerability of the embryonic or foetal nervous system of the animal, certain clinical observations are presented, which lead to similar conclusions.The atomic bombardments have caused numerous neurological trouble among the children who had been irradiated in utero. And the genetic effects are not yet perfectly known to-date.This set of experimental and clinical data must prompt us to be very careful when using ionizing radiations, even at low doses, in pregnant women and newborn.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document