Assessment of neurofunctional activity in patients with vibration disease caused by combined effects of local and general vibration

Introduction. The authors note insufficient knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms, the cumulative role of cerebral functioning disorders in the formation of sensorineural deficit in vibration disease (VD). The study aims to identify changes in indicators characterizing neurofunctional activity in patients with VD due to the combined effects of local and general vibration. Materials and methods. The study involved 42 patients with VD (group I), 35 healthy men (comparison group). Researchers used methods of electroneuromyography, neuroenergic mapping, and neuropsychological testing. Results. In group I, when compared with the comparison group, we have detected an increase in latency N9, N10, N11, N13, N25, N30, the duration of the peak interval N10-N13 (p=0,002; 0,0001; 0,0002; 0,0001; 0,0023; 0,005; 0,01 respectively); an increase in local levels of constant potential (LCP) in the frontal, central, right parietal, occipital, right temporal parts of the brain (p=0.037; 0.0007; 0,0005; 0,01; 0,0004; 0,014; 0,029; 0,028; 0,001 respectively). Cognitive impairments in patients with VD correspond to an easily expressed disorder of analytical-synthetic and conceptual thinking, short-term (auditory-speech), visual imagery, long-term memory, dynamic praxis, joint coordination, impressive and expressive speech. The revealed conjugacy of the indicators of the LCP of the frontal left abduction, and the latency of the peak N30, duration N13-N20, and the hand of analytical and synthetic thinking (r=0.51, p=0.004; r=0.50, p=0.005, respectively) indicates the pathogenetic significance in the violation of neurofunctional activity of a decrease in cortical activation as a result of the arrival of a sensory message from the brain stem to the cortex, increased energy exchange in the frontal part of the left hemisphere. Conclusions. A sign of impaired neurofunctional activity in VB from the combined effects of local and general vibration is a decrease in the postsynaptic action of neurons, the time of signal passage through afferent pathways at the level of the cervical spinal cord, dynamic praxis, short-term (auditory-speech) memory, increased energy metabolism in the temporal right and left frontal brain.

Download Full-text

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012789x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 716-717

Author(s):

D.N. Collins ◽

J.N. Turner ◽

K.O. Brosch ◽

R.F. Seegal

Keyword(s):

Lipid Droplets ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Homovanillic Acid ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Short Term ◽

Pcb Congeners ◽

Urinary Levels ◽

The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

Download Full-text

Morphological Changes in the Brain of Acutely Ill and Weight-Recovered Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie ◽

10.1024/1422-4917/a000265 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 7-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Jochen Seitz ◽

Katharina Bühren ◽

Georg G. von Polier ◽

Nicole Heussen ◽

Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Cognitive Deficits ◽

Time Course ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Clinical Prognosis ◽

Qualitative Review ◽

Brain Changes ◽

The Brain

Objective: Acute anorexia nervosa (AN) leads to reduced gray (GM) and white matter (WM) volume in the brain, which however improves again upon restoration of weight. Yet little is known about the extent and clinical correlates of these brain changes, nor do we know much about the time-course and completeness of their recovery. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis and a qualitative review of all magnetic resonance imaging studies involving volume analyses of the brain in both acute and recovered AN. Results: We identified structural neuroimaging studies with a total of 214 acute AN patients and 177 weight-recovered AN patients. In acute AN, GM was reduced by 5.6% and WM by 3.8% compared to healthy controls (HC). Short-term weight recovery 2–5 months after admission resulted in restitution of about half of the GM aberrations and almost full WM recovery. After 2–8 years of remission GM and WM were nearly normalized, and differences to HC (GM: –1.0%, WM: –0.7%) were no longer significant, although small residual changes could not be ruled out. In the qualitative review some studies found GM volume loss to be associated with cognitive deficits and clinical prognosis. Conclusions: GM and WM were strongly reduced in acute AN. The completeness of brain volume rehabilitation remained equivocal.

Download Full-text

Neurotransmitter systems of female mouse brain during growth of malignant melanoma modeled on the background of chronic pain

Nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal «Patogenez» ◽

10.25557/gm.2018.4.9749 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

О.И. Кит ◽

И.М. Котиева ◽

Е.М. Франциянц ◽

И.В. Каплиева ◽

Л.К. Трепитаки ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Sciatic Nerve ◽

Female Mouse ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Malignant Growth ◽

Course Of Disease ◽

The Brain ◽

Melanoma Growth

Известно, что биогенные амины (БА) участвуют в злокачественном росте, их уровень изменяется в ЦНС при болевом воздействии, однако исследований о сочетанном влиянии хронической боли (ХБ) и онкопатологии на динамику БА в головном мозге не проводилось. Цель: изучить особенности баланса БА в коре головного мозга в динамике роста меланомы, воспроизведенной на фоне ХБ. Материалы и методы. Работа выполнена на 64 мышах-самках, весом 21-22 г. Животным основной группы меланому В16/F10 перевивали под кожу спины через 2 недели после перевязки седалищных нервов. Группой сравнения служили мыши с меланомой без боли. Уровни БА: адреналина, норадреналина, дофамина (ДА), серотонина (5-НТ), гистамина, а также 5-ОИУК определяли методом иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты. У мышей с ХБ уменьшается содержание большинства БА, однако уровень ДА не изменяется. Метаболизм 5-НТ происходит с участием МАО. Развитие меланомы сопровождается увеличением содержания ДА и 5-НТ, тогда как МАО - ингибируется. Направленность сдвигов БА при развитии меланомы на фоне ХБ оказалась практически такой же, как и без неё. В то же время ХБ ограничивает накопление 5-НТ в коре мозга при меланоме, что сопровождается более агрессивным её течением. Выводы. ХБ ограничивает включение стресс-лимитирующих механизмов в головном мозге при развитии меланомы у мышей, что приводит к более агрессивному течению злокачественного процесса. Biogenic amines (BA) are known to be involved in malignant growth, and their CNS levels change in pain; however, there are no studies of combined effects of chronic pain (CP) and cancer on BA dynamics in the brain. Aim: To study features of BA balance in the cerebral cortex during melanoma growth associated with CP. Material and methods. The study included 64 female mice weighing 21-22 g. In the main groups, B16/F10 melanoma was transplanted under the skin of the back two weeks following sciatic nerve ligation. Mice with melanoma without pain were used as the control. Concentrations of BA: adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), histamine and 5-HIAA were measured with ELISA. Results. Concentrations of BAs decreased in mice with CP although DA levels did not change. 5-HT metabolism involved MAO. The development of melanoma was accompanied by increases in DA and 5-HT whereas MAO was inhibited. The direction of BA changes during the development of melanoma was the same with and without CP. At the same time, CP with melanoma limited accumulation of 5-HT in the cerebral cortex, which resulted in even more aggressive course of cancer. Conclusion. CP restricted the activation of cerebral stress-limiting mechanisms during the development of melanoma in mice, which resulted in a more aggressive course of disease.

Download Full-text

Microcirculation disorders in patients with vibration disease and comorbidity

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-672-673 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 672-672

Author(s):

A. N. Kuks ◽

N. V. Slivnitsyna

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Laser Doppler ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Vibration Disease ◽

History Of

The results of laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with vibration disease associated with the combined effects of local and general vibration with a history of type 2 diabetes are presented.

Download Full-text

Optimization of diagnostic system of hand diseases in employees working under combined effects of vibration and physical overloads

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-11-950-955 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 950-955

Author(s):

M. M. Poroshina ◽

E. M. Vlasova ◽

A. Ya. Perevalov

Keyword(s):

Working Conditions ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Diagnostic System ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Observation Group ◽

Combined Effects ◽

X Rays ◽

Industrial Enterprises ◽

Special Assessment

The results of research carried out by theFederalScientificCenterfor Medical and Preventive Technologies of Public Health Risk Management Technologies for the period 2013–2018 showed that diseases associated with the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, employees of hazardous industries develop with experience of 15 years or more. The risk group is women older than 35 years and men older than 40 years. Pathology at the stage of detailed clinical manifestations is characterized by persistent pain syndrome, and, as a consequence, a decrease in the ability to work of workers.The aim of the study was to optimize the system of diagnosis of hand diseases in workers of industrial enterprises engaged in labor activities under the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, for the development of primary prevention programs.The observation group consisted of 32 employees aged 39.3±4.3 years, with an experience of 17.4±4.3 years; the comparison group consisted of 30 employees whose working conditions are not related to the studied factors; the average age was 40.6±3.4 years, experience was 19.1±3.1 years. The examination included analysis of the results of a special assessment of working conditions; assessment of neurological status; functional tests; laboratory studies (assessment of inflammation), hand dynamometry, stimulation electroneuromyography; x-rays of the hands and wrist joints, ultrasound examination of the hands.More than half of the surveyed persons of the observation group and 3/4 of the workers of the comparison group did not make complaints. Indicators of dynamometry of workers in both groups corresponded to physiological norm (p>0.05). Analysis of the results of dynamometer with data from previous years of PMO showed a decrease in strength of muscles of the hand leading hands on 2je,0–16. 7% and from 83.3% of the employees of the monitoring group and in 44.4% of the comparison group (p<0.05), in 50 % of the cases there was a decrease in the percentage of changes in the hand force variation (HFV) in the observation group, and in 38.9% of the cases the indicators remained unchanged. According to ultrasound of the hands, signs of tendinopathy were established in 85% of the employees of the observation group in the absence of persons with similar changes in the comparison group.In order to optimize the diagnosis of diseases of the hand in industrial workers who carry out their work under the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, in the case of a decrease in the rate of carpal dynamometry by 5% or more during the year, it is recommended to conduct ultrasound of the tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the hand, which will allow timely identification of early signs of tendinopathy.

Download Full-text

Subarachnoid diverticulum associated with feline infectious peritonitis in a Siberian cat

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports ◽

10.1177/2055116920941477 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 205511692094147

Author(s):

Christopher Hoey ◽

George Nye ◽

Angela Fadda ◽

Janet Bradshaw ◽

Emi N Barker

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽

Case Summary ◽

Choroid Plexitis ◽

The Brain ◽

Feline Coronavirus

Case summary A 7-month-old Siberian cat was presented for investigation of acute onset multifocal neurological deficits. Neurological examination documented dull mental status and an ambulatory left hemiparesis. Serum biochemistry documented marked hyperglobulinaemia. MRI of the brain identified marked leptomeningeal contrast enhancement extending along the brainstem caudally to involve the cranial cervical spinal cord. MRI of the cervical spine further identified a subarachnoid diverticulum that extended from the level of the obex to the C2–C3 vertebrae. Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative RT-PCR was positive for the presence of feline coronavirus. Histopathology revealed pyogranulomatous meningitis and choroid plexitis, uveitis and nephritis. Relevance and novel information This article describes the first reported case of a subarachnoid diverticulum associated with feline infectious peritonitis.

Download Full-text

Expression Analysis of Zinc Transporters in Nervous Tissue Cells Reveals Neuronal and Synaptic Localization of ZIP4

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4511

Author(s):

Chiara A. De Benedictis ◽

Claudia Haffke ◽

Simone Hagmeyer ◽

Ann Katrin Sauer ◽

Andreas M. Grabrucker

Keyword(s):

Brain Function ◽

Zinc Homeostasis ◽

Zinc Transporters ◽

Excitatory Synapses ◽

Short Term ◽

Synaptic Localization ◽

Zinc Levels ◽

Rat Astrocyte ◽

Cellular Zinc ◽

The Brain

In the last years, research has shown that zinc ions play an essential role in the physiology of brain function. Zinc acts as a potent neuromodulatory agent and signaling ions, regulating healthy brain development and the function of both neurons and glial cells. Therefore, the concentration of zinc within the brain and its cells is tightly controlled. Zinc transporters are key regulators of (extra-) cellular zinc levels, and deregulation of zinc homeostasis and zinc transporters has been associated with neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, to date, the presence of specific family members and their subcellular localization within brain cells have not been investigated in detail. Here, we analyzed the expression of all zinc transporters (ZnTs) and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs) in the rat brain. We further used primary rat neurons and rat astrocyte cell lines to differentiate between the expression found in neurons or astrocytes or both. We identified ZIP4 expressed in astrocytes but significantly more so in neurons, a finding that has not been reported previously. In neurons, ZIP4 is localized to synapses and found in a complex with major postsynaptic scaffold proteins of excitatory synapses. Synaptic ZIP4 reacts to short-term fluctuations in local zinc levels. We conclude that ZIP4 may have a so-far undescribed functional role at excitatory postsynapses.

Download Full-text

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Riding for Children with Cerebral Palsy Gross Motor Functions

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/4190249 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Žalienė ◽

D. Mockevičienė ◽

B. Kreivinienė ◽

A. Razbadauskas ◽

Ž. Kleiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Motor Function ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Motor Functions ◽

Gross Motor Skills ◽

Gross Motor Function ◽

Group I

Aim. To evaluate the effects of riding for beginners (short-term) and advanced (long-term) riders with cerebral palsy on their whole mobility. The study involved 15 subjects (two girls and eleven boys). The subjects were aged from 3 to 19 years (8.73 years ± 5.85). All of the subjects had been diagnosed with a spastic form of cerebral palsy. The duration of the participation differed as follows: the advanced subjects had been riding for 1-4 years (2.66 years ± 1.16), while the beginners have been riding for two weeks (10 sessions). Group I (advanced riders) consisted of eight subjects (7 boys and 1 girl) who had therapy sessions regularly once a week and differed only in terms of the duration of their participation in the experiment. Group II (beginners) consisted of seven children (1 girl and 6 boys) who participated in only 10 riding sessions. All of the subjects were assessed according to the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and Gross Motor Function Classification System for CP (GMFCS) both before the investigation and after it. Conclusions. Ten riding lessons did not have an influence on the beginner riders with cerebral palsy gross motor functions and their gross motor function level did not change. However, in half of the advanced riders with cerebral palsy, the gross motor functions significantly improved. Meanwhile, the level of the performance of the gross motor skills in the four advanced riders increased, but this difference was not statistically significant.

Download Full-text