Major problems of microclimate indicator measurements indoors of residential and public buildings and ways to solve them

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Vladimir E. Kriyt ◽  
Yuliya N. Sladkova ◽  
Olga V. Volchkova
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
State Register ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Guidelines Development ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation ◽  
Standard Sets

Human health and efficiency are largely determined by the microclimate conditions and the air quality in residential, public and industrial buildings in which people spend a significant amount of time. The existing methods of measuring microclimate indicators largely do not correspond to the changed regulatory framework, do not fully reflect all the stages of measurements, have contradictions and inaccuracies, which leads to errors in the measurement and evaluation of the results obtained. The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings, leveling the existing contradictions in the current documents and meeting modern requirements. The analysis of the current methodological documents regulating the requirements for measuring microclimate indicators was carried out, the main problems encountered by specialists during measurements and evaluation of laboratory and instrumental studies of the microclimate were identified and systematized. To date, the only methodological document in the field of microclimate for residential and public buildings is GOST 30494-2011 "Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters". This standard sets the requirements for the organization of control and allows to measure and evaluate the microclimate in almost any residential and public building. However, the standard presents requirements for measurement conditions that are practically unrealizable for many regions of Russia, unreasonably high requirements for measuring instruments (MI), which do not allow to take measurements by MI included in the State Register and having the appropriate scope of application, insufficient requirements for the criteria for the selection of premises and their preparation for an objective assessment of the microclimate parameters, inaccuracies in the presented formulas for calculating the resulting room temperature and inconsistencies in individual paragraphs of the document. There are also no requirements for processing and presenting measurement results. In this situation, the development of a methodology for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings is extremely relevant. This paper presents the main provisions of the developed draft methodology for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings at different stages of operation of research objects. The developed procedural guidelines determine the order, conditions for carrying out and minimum scope of instrumental control required for microclimate parameters in residential and public buildings that meet the requirements of sanitary legislation. In the process of procedural guidelines development inconsistencies and discrepancies of current procedural documents were considered as much as possible.

scholarly journals METHODS OF QUALITY CONTROL OF PHONOGRAMS DURING RESTORATION AND RECOVERY

ScienceRise ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Alex Grebin ◽  
Ninel Levenets ◽  
Volodymyr Shvaichenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Technological Product

The object of research. Process of phonograms restoration and recovery are described. Investigated problem. Differences between some methods of quality control of phonograms during and after their restoration and recovery were investigated. The main scientific results. An instrumental method for objective assessment of the quality of phonograms is proposed, based on a non-intrusive model with parametric modeling of the phonogram signal to assess the effect of an artifact on a phonogram. The area of practical use of the research results. The results of the operational control of objective quality indicators of a real sound signal using virtual measuring instruments built into the software for working with sound are considered. An innovative technological product: a technology for assessing the quality of phonograms in the process of restoration and recovery (R&R), which makes it possible to objectively assess the quality of phonograms, taking into account artifacts of phonograms caused by the method of recording phonograms, the conditions of their storage, etc. enough high quality restored audio content. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: studio of restoration and recovery of sound phonograms on analog media, recording studios, technological processes of conversion and processing of sound programs, archives of radio and television recordings.

scholarly journals Effects of nonlinear error correction of measurements obtained by peak flowmeter using the Wright scale to assess asthma attack severity in children

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 310-316
Author(s):  
Dragana Stamatovic ◽  
Nada Bokan-Erdeljan
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
Asthma Attack ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severe Degree

Introduction: Monitoring of peak expiratory flow (PEF) is recommended in numerous guidelines for management of asthma. Improvements in calibration methods have demonstrated the inaccuracy of original Wright scale of peak flowmeter. A new standard, EN 13826 that was applied to peak flowmeter was adopted on 1st September 2004 by some European countries. Correction of PEF readings obtained with old type devices for measurement is possible by Dr M. Miller?s original predictive equation. Objective. Assessment of PEF correction effect on the interpretation of measurement results and management decisions. Method. In children with intermittent (35) or stable persistent asthma (75) aged 6-16 years, there were performed 8393 measurements of PEF by Vitalograph normal-range peak flowmeter with traditional Wright scale. Readings were expressed as percentage of individual best values (PB) before and after correction. The effect of correction was analyzed based on The British Thoracic Society guidelines for asthma attack treatment. Results. In general, correction reduced the values of PEF (p<0.01). The highest mean percentage error (20.70%) in the measured values was found in the subgroup in which PB ranged between 250 and 350 l/min. Nevertheless, the interpretation of PEF after the correction in this subgroup changed in only 2.41% of measurements. The lowest mean percentage error (15.72%), and, at the same time, the highest effect of correction on measurement results interpretation (in 22.65% readings) were in children with PB above 450 l/min. In 73 (66.37%) subjects, the correction changed the clinical interpretation of some values of PEF after correction. In 13 (11.8%) patients, some corrected values indicated the absence or a milder degree of airflow obstruction. In 27 (24.54%) children, more than 10%, and in 12 (10.93%), more than 20% of the corrected readings indicated a severe degree of asthma exacerbation that needed more aggressive treatment. Conclusion. Correction of PEF values obtained by peak flowmeters with traditional Wright scale shows a possibility of overtreatment in younger or short stature children and undertreatment in older or taller ones if we use old type of metres. The correction of peak flowmeter for non-linear error is a prerequisite in the application of asthma guidelines in PEF measurements. .

Computer system for metrological testing of location sensors used to monitor the patient's condition in magnetotherapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Gurzhin ◽  
V.L. Nguyen ◽  
A.V. Shulyakov
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computer ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Metrological Certification ◽  
Linear Displacement ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Virtual Device ◽  
The Law

Non-contact monitoring of vital signs of a person is a reliable and safe way of promptly obtaining objective diagnostic information about the current physiological state of a patient during surgical operations, physiotherapeutic procedures or during sleep. The absence of direct contact of the sensors with the patient's body makes it possible to exclude the influence of a number of interfering factors, such as a violation or weakening of contact, which can lead to a deterioration in the quality of signals from the output of the sensors, a long-term location of the sensors on the body can have a psychological effect on the patient, changing his condition and thereby distorting the treatment method, etc. In order for the results of monitoring and diagnostics to be reliable and guaranteed accurate, it is necessary to carry out periodic metrological certification of location sensors, especially since many of them are of foreign production and their characteristics are either not standardized or do not meet the requirements of their operating conditions. Therefore, the tasks of developing methods and means for carrying out metrological tests of non-contact sensors for medical purposes are becoming urgent. Purpose – to show the possibility of implementing automated metrological tests of location sensors for medical use based on a personal computer and publicly available standard hardware and software. A method has been developed and implemented for conducting metrological tests of location sensors based on a personal computer, a digital dynamic measure of linear displacement, virtual measuring instruments, laser and ultrasonic sensors, as well as determining conversion errors in the LabVIEW environment. As an exemplary measuring instrument, it is proposed to use a webcam with a virtual device for recording the law of displacement in the LabVIEW Vison Development application. Full-scale experiments have been carried out, in which, using a digital measure of linear displacement, it is possible to reproduce with high accuracy almost any law of displacement and to regulate its informative parameters. Real movement signals were received with the help of virtual devices, recorded by two location sensors and a web camera. The errors of the means of registration are determined in comparison with the given digital method and analytically the law of movement. Introduction of the developed method and hardware and software for metrological certification of sensors of diagnostic channels of the systems of complex magnetotherapy «Multimag» and «Relaxmag». Carrying out automated metrological tests of sensors will ensure prompt, reliable and objective control of their actual characteristics, which means it will increase the effectiveness of treatment due to the prompt and continuous monitoring of the patient's functional state and an objective assessment of a number of important indicators.

scholarly journals The requirements of the international standards on traceability of measurement results at OJSC «BSW – Management Company of Holding «BMC»

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
E. V. Borisenko ◽  
I. V. Buyanova
Keyword(s):  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
International Level ◽  
Product Testing ◽  
Management Company ◽  
Uniformity Of Measurements ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Traceability Of Measurement Results

A serious barrier to the sale of products on the market is the trust in organizations that perform measurements during product testing, as well as calibration (verification) of the used measuring instruments. Confidence and recognition of measurement results at the international level is ensured through an accreditation mechanism. To ensure effective functioning at the international level, accreditation organizations enter into a multilateral agreement that provides for the use of common standards in the conduct of accreditation. One of the important requirements of these standards is the implementation and demonstration of metrological traceability, which is a tool for ensuring the uniformity of measurements.

scholarly journals The Manufacturing of Low Temperature Measuring Devices Using a PT-100 Sensor Based on ATmega328 Microcontroller

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Bhakti Hardian Yusuf ◽  
I Made Satriya Wibawa ◽  
I Ketut Putra
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Reference Measuring ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Temperature Measuring ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Reference Measuring Instrument

A low temperature measuring device has been successfully developed using a microcontroller-based PT-100 sensor ATmega328. The temperature is measured using a PT-100 sensor, as the main processor using the ATmega 328 microcontroller, and the measured temperature is displayed on a 2x16 LCD. The results of the calibration at a temperature of 77 - 300 K against the reference measuring instrument obtained that, the ratio of the measured temperature between the reference measuring instrument and the measuring instrument made was 0.9893 ± 3.69 K and the coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9987. This indicates that the measurement results of the measuring instruments made have an accuracy level of 98.93% and a precision of 99.87%. Keywords: Low temperature, PT-100 Sensor, ATmega328 Microcontroller, LCD 2x16

MODELING OF STATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PNEUMATIC STRAIN GAUGE TRANSDUCER

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
A. P. Vasytenko ◽  
A. Yu. Tarakhovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Static Characteristics ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Jet Impact ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Strain Gauge Transducer ◽  
Processing Of Measurement Results

Measuring instruments that implement the pneumatic principle of measurement, have a number of significant advantages: small dimensions of the measuring equipment, allowing to produce multiparameter control in a limited size of the working area, insensitivity to vibration, simplicity of design and reliability. The disadvantage of pneumatic converters is a discrete output electrical signal, which does not allow the processing of measurement results. In this regard, it seems appropriate to investigate the pneumatic-electric Converter, which includes a jet pneumatic and differential strain gauges, which allows to obtain an analog electrical signal at the output. The article describes the design and principle of operation pneumoenteritis Converter to control the diameter of the part. Pneumotensometric Converter converts the change in the diameter of the part in the movement of the nozzle, which causes a change in the force of the air jet on the beam, its deformation and, accordingly, a change in the resistance of he strain gauge. An expression describing the stoic characteristic of the transducer and allowing to determine the force of the air jet impact on the load cell from the gap between the nozzle and the beam, the air pressure and the nozzle diameter is given. The results of modeling the static characteristics of the Converter at different combinations of design parameters are given, the values of straight sections of characteristics and sensitivity are determined, their comparative evaluation is given.

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