A World of Cities: Dream or Nightmare?

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Hordern
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
New World ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
City Development ◽  
Original Stimulus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Urban Stress

With the progress of civilization cities, many of which originally developed in Mesopotamia and Egypt, spread northwards into Europe to proliferate there and, later, in the New World. The Industrial Revolution, a predominantly British phenomenon, was the original stimulus to Western urbanization, a process that continues to this day. City living has many advantages, but also many drawbacks including increased mortality and urban stress; psychiatry has had to concern itself with many of its difficulties. Rural-urban migration is also currently taking place in Asia, Latin America and Africa; in these continents the problems of urbanization, exacerbated by indigenous factors, have proved to be considerable. Some remedies for overurbanization are considered, as is also city development in the future.

New World Economic Development Trends and Latin America

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
L. Klochkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The Future ◽  
World Economic

There are substantial changes in the evolution of world economy and world economic relations. The growth rates of international trade have diminished two-fold, the prices for oil and other commodities have fallen, and the competition on world markets has sharpened greatly. These new trends complicate fundamentally external conditions for the economic development of peripheral regions, especially Latin America. Latin American countries have reached a phase of considerable economic deceleration. Under these circumstances, there is an urgent need for reconsideration of key conclusions made by some Russian experts on the possibilities of the future economic and social growth of Latin America. The author examines the most discussed aspects of the Latin American modern economic situation – the deepening technological gap and slow rates of technological progress, the limited role of internal economic motive forces, the conservation of foreign economic dependence. The future of Latin America’s economic development is uncertain in many respects and will depend greatly on foreign economic conditions. The new world balance opened important additional possibilities for Latin America on world markets. China has converted into the second largest economic partner of the region. But there is a number of complicated problems in their relations that need an urgent regulation. At the same time, the strategic task for Latin America consists in finding of effective ways for further broadening of economic relations with the United States in terms of equality and mutual benefit.

scholarly journals What will it take to make a successful administrative professional in the fourth industrial revolution?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette A.J. Venter ◽  
Tessie H.H. Herbst ◽  
Chux G. Iwu
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New World ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Administrative Professionals ◽  
Value Add ◽  
The Impact

Orientation: The rapid economic developments of the last decade have been driven by the impact of revolutionary developments in information and communication technologies. These technological developments have irreversibly and significantly affected the role of an administrative professional with regard to assimilation, processing and utilisation of information.Research purpose: This study investigates the impact of global and national key drivers of change and transformation on the skills requirements of administrative professionals with the aim of developing a future-focused success profile to enable them to be effective in the new world of work.Motivation for the study: The study is motivated by the personal experience of one of the researchers, and her observation of the impact of technological advances and the necessity for administrative professionals to integrate new skills, knowledge and attitudes into the new world of work.Research approach/design and method: This study followed a mixed methods approach, using both pragmatist and constructivist paradigms. The pragmatist approach provides meaning through the natural work environment of an administrative professional, whilst a constructivist approach is followed to compile a whole-brain success profile. From a sample of 354, a total of 219 responses were received, which represent a response rate of 62%. Data were collected through a visual analogue scale-type questionnaire.Main findings: The findings reveal that the skill requirements for the future success of an administrative professional involve proficiency to function from all quadrants of the whole-brain model.Practical/managerial implications: The curricula of undergraduate qualifications should be adapted to allow for shorter credit-bearing skill modules in line with the latest trends in technology, because the profession of administrative professionals is mainly skill-based. In addition, owing to the focus of the study on the new world of work, the findings could be related to most occupations.Contribution or value-add: This study contributes to the construction of a future-focused whole-brain model, according to the functional skills, essential skills and emerging skills required for optimal effectiveness of administrative professionals in the future-focused world of work.

The Impact of the Irish on British Labor Markets During the Industrial Revolution

1986 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
The Impact

The Irish immigrations during the First Industrial Revolution serve to complicate any assessment of Britain's economic performance up to the 1850s. This paper estimates the size of the Irish immigrations and explores its impact on real wages, rural-urban migration, and industrialization. Using a general equilibrium model, the paper finds that the Irish did not play a significant role in accounting for rising inequality, lagging real wages, or rapid industrialization.

Rice Knowledge Systems in Transition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
The One

This chapter considers how paddy field knowledge is transmitted and how this has changed over recent decades in China, in order to better understand the problems that farmers face at the nexus of rice farming and rural-urban migration, and the options they can call on to deal with their situation. The chapter argues that there has been a complex reconfiguration of the repertoire of rice farming knowledge. On the one hand, this has created challenges for the future preservation of the paddy fields in the Chinese countryside, such as deskilling in the young migrant generation. On the other hand, it has provided peasants with an extended repertoire of knowledge they can use to handle their paddy field farming-migration predicament.

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Migration, Childbearing Decision-Making, Fertility and Contraceptive Perspectives of Street Adolescents and Youth in Kampala, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulekya Francis Bwambale ◽  
Cheryl A Moyer ◽  
Paul Bukuluki ◽  
Bart van den Borne
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fertility Intentions ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Migration Experience ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Repeat Migration ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
The City

Abstract Background This paper aimed at describing childbearing decision-making, fertility and contraceptive intentions and associated social demographic factors among disadvantaged street adolescents and youth in Kampala, Uganda while considering rural-urban migration aspects as an explanatory factor. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 513 adolescents and youth aged 12–24 years self-identifying as street adolescents and youth were interviewed with a structured questionnaire in 2019. Street adolescents and youth who migrated from other rural districts to Kampala were compared with those from the city. Street adolescents and youth who migrated from other rural districts to Kampala were classified as migrants while those without the rural experience were considered non-migrants. Logistic regression was applied to assess associations between independent factors and personal childbearing decision-making, fertility intentions and contraceptive intentions. Results Overall, 80.31% of the street adolescents and youth had a rural-urban migration experience. Fifty six percent (56.32%) of the street adolescents and youth made personal childbearing decisions, 94.15% expressed intentions to have children in the future and 42.88% expressed intentions to use contraceptives in the future. Intentions to use contraceptives were significantly higher among males (58.75%) than females (20%). Contraceptive intentions were positively associated with self-perceived permanent residential status (aOR = 10.26, 2.70-39.08), more intra-urban mobility (aOR = 4.99, 95%CI 1.50-16.59) and intentions to migrate to other towns within the country (aOR = 5.33,95%CI 1.59–17.80). Regarding migration aspects, street adolescents and youth who had cyclic movements between the city and district of origin were less likely to make personal childbearing decisions compared to those who never had repeat migration (aOR = 0.23, 95%CI 0.05–0.94). We found no significant association between the social demographic characteristics and fertility intentions. Conclusions Street adolescents and youth with a rural-urban migration experience have less control over personal childbearing decision-making and contraceptive intentions than the non-cyclic migrant counterparts. Factors that influence personal childbearing decision-making and contraceptive intentions among street adolescents and young people in Kampala city operate mainly at the interpersonal and local level, with migration and mobility patterns playing a central role in both perspectives. Programmes and services to prevent promote contraceptives and contraceptive use particularly among the vulnerable street adolescents and youth should take into consideration migration patterns of the street children.

The Future

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-201
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Third ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Future

As we learned in Chapter 10, we are in a new world of doing business. Now that we have transcended into the fifth industrial revolution and the third stage of AI, we are at a crossroads with our own humanity. Our soul and creativity are man's alone. We are the captains of how we protect and guide humanity. This chapter goes into the wonderful technology that we are on the forefront of bringing into fruition. However, it is also a warning and a message to remember what is most important to our species. We have the potential to create a new enlightenment.

scholarly journals C. René Padilla and the Origins of Integral Mission in Post-War Latin America

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID C. KIRKPATRICK
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Post War

This article discusses the origins of ‘misión integral’ or integral mission, a term coined by the Ecuadorian theologian C. René Padilla (b. 1932). As the first critical study of Padilla, it argues that the origins of ‘misión integral’ are to be found within a cluster of political and social forces that were reshaping post-war Latin America: rural-urban migration, the resulting complications of urbanisation and the rapid expansion of the universities, where Marxist ideas of revolutionary change were of growing appeal to students. This article relies on interviews with many of the leading personalities involved, together with personal papers, archival research and Latin American census data.

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