Radioprotective combination of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid promotes apoptosis that is evident by release of low-molecular weight DNA fragments into circulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 872-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Vasilyeva ◽  
Vladimir Bespalov ◽  
Ancha Baranova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Dna Fragments

scholarly journals Synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerols using ascorbic acid as an activator

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Mehdi Dadkhah ◽  
Hamidreza Shamlooei ◽  
Ehsan Mohammadifar ◽  
Mohsen Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

In this work, low molecular weight hyperbranched polyglycerols (LMPGs) are synthesized in bulk using ascorbic acid as an activator.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of vegetable Amaranthus tricolor L. seedlings grown in Moscow region

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Iskren Georgiev Sergiev ◽  
Desislava Aleksandrova Todorova ◽  
Valentina Karlovna Gins ◽  
Svetlana Mikhailovna Motyleva ◽  
Ekaterina Muratovna Gins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions

The use of amperometric express method made it possible to measure quickly and evaluate content of waterand alcohol-soluble antioxidants in extracts from Amaranthus tricolor L. plants. Accumulation of low molecular weight antioxidants: ascorbic acid, beta-cyanine (amaranthine) and the total content of antioxidants in various organs of Valentina amaranth seedlings were studied. The maximum amount of low molecular weight antioxidants accumulates in leaves, compared with roots and stems of seedlings grown in open and protected ground. In open ground conditions, amaranth leaves and stems have 1.5-fold and 2-fold increased level of ascorbic acid than seedlings grown in protected ground. But the total content of water-soluble antioxidants in leaves and roots of seedlings is lower compared to seedlings of protected ground. Minimum amount of antioxidants was found in alcohol extracts of stems and roots in open ground, while the total content of antioxidants in stems and roots was 1.6 fold higher in seedlings grown in protected soil. The content of amaranthine is comparable in the studied organs of amaranth seedlings of both cultivation variants. The data obtained allow to recommend use of leaves and stems of amaranth seedlings grown in open and protected ground (early spring and autumn), as a preventive antioxidant dietary product.

scholarly journals Transforming activity of DNA fragments from normal human lymphocytes results from spontaneous activation of a c-Ha-ras1 gene.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3617-3620 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Schäfer ◽  
S Griegel ◽  
I Schwarte ◽  
S Geisse ◽  
O Traub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Ras Gene ◽  
Transforming Activity ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Nih 3T3

An activated human Ha-ras gene was present in a secondary NIH 3T3 transformant isolated after serial transfection of originally low-molecular-weight DNA fragments from normal human cells. This gene appeared to have acquired its transforming properties by a spontaneous mutation in codon 12 by substitution of a deoxythymidine residue for a deoxyguanosine residue. DNA rearrangements in the flanking sequences of the transferred Ha-ras gene were not involved in the activation of the protooncogene.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and low molecular weight antioxidants in triticale shoots under chloride salinization

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Viktor V. Ivanishchev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Sodium Chloride Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

We studied the alterations in oxidative stress indicators (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation – LPO) and the alterations in the content of low molecular weight metabolites (ascorbic acid, glutathione, proline, chlorophyll and carotenoids) in the shoots of triticale (Triticosecale) under short-term (0-96 h) sodium chloride stress (120 mM) with statistical methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. An analysis of the alterations in oxidative stress indicators allowed us to calculate the correlation coefficients for the pairs: peroxide – superoxide (0.52), peroxide – LPO (0.62), superoxide – LPO (0.23). The inclusion in the analysis of data on alterations in the content of low molecular weight antioxidants showed that the PCA method forms three main groups for all the studied characteristics: (1) LPO and hydrogen peroxide, (2) chlorophyll and carotenoids, (3) glutathione and ascorbate. The correlation coefficients were calculated for pairs: ascorbate – glutathione (0.71), ascorbate – proline (0.81), glutathione – proline (0.28). Such a value of the coefficient of the first pair suggests that ascorbic acid also performs numerous other functions, in addition to participating in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. The high correlation between ascorbate and proline can be explained by the similar nature of alterations in their content in triticale shoots under conditions of short-term sodium chloride stress. Negative correlation coefficients in pairs of hydrogen peroxide – chlorophyll (-0.73), peroxide – carotenoids (-0.75), ascorbic acid – LPO (-0.70), LPO – proline (-0.69) give reason to talk about the possible protective role of photosynthesis pigments from accumulating hydrogen peroxide, as well as the potential role of ascorbic acid and proline in protecting membranes from lipid peroxidation. The application of the cluster analysis method showed that first and second order clusters between ascorbate, proline and glutathione reflect their known antioxidant role. The results obtained may also indicate that pigments have a much lower protective function.

scholarly journals The effect of low positive temperature on the content of low molecular weight antioxidants in the organs of a vegetable chrysanthemum plant

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
M. S. Gins ◽  
V. K. Gins ◽  
P. F. Kononkov ◽  
A. A. Baikov ◽  
V. F. Pivovarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Amperometric Method ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Chrysanthemum Plant

The use of the rapid amperometric method made it possible to promptly measure and evaluate the total content of water- and ethanol-soluble antioxidants in extracts from Chryzantemum coronarium L. plants. The effect of optimal and low positive temperatures on the accumulation of low molecular weight antioxidants: ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, soluble carbohydrates, carotenoids in various organs of vegetable chrysanthemum plant were investigated. In the leaves of the studied varieties, the content of flavonoids was two times higher than in the stems, while the accumulation level of condensed and polymeric polyphenols in the stem was three times higher than the level of their accumulation in the leaves. The maximum total antioxidant content was found in the inflorescences, whereas in other organs of the plant they accumulated 2-3 times less. Under the conditions of hypothermia in November, the amount of ascorbic acid, photosynthetic pigments and the total antioxidant content remained at a higher level in the upper photosynthesizing leaves. The data obtained indicate the important role of low molecular weight antioxidants in the protection of plant cells under the action of low positive temperatures.

Electrophoretic properties of low molecular weight DNA fragments in agarose-acrylamide gels

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wesley Dingman ◽  
T. Kakefuda ◽  
M. Patricia Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Dna Fragments

scholarly journals Peptides of marine animals as a potential source of natural antioxidants

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
Ekaterina P. Karaulova ◽  
Anna I. Chepkasova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Peptides extracted from tissues of 11 shellfish species ( Corbicula japonica, Mercenaria stimpsoni, Anadara broughtoni, Patinopecten yessoesis, Crenomytilus grayanus, Spisula sachalinensis, Maktra chinensis, Serripes groenlandicus, Glycymeris yessoensis, Callista brevisiphonata, Dosinia japonica ) are tested for their antioxidant properties in different in vitro conditions. Frozen muscles and viscera of the shellfish were minced and subjected to water extraction of proteins and to hydrolysis with Protamex 1.5 MG. The peptides antioxidant activity was evaluated by assessing of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity on free radicals generated in oxidative systems. In the experiment, the high perfomance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system (Agilent Technologies 1260) included the frame TSKgel G 3000PWXL, the flow rate was 0.1 mL/min (0.1 N NaCI-20 mM Tris-HCI, pH 8.0), the detection was made under 280 nm. Molecular weight of the proteins was determined by comparison of their retention time with pure protein standards. The enzyme activity was high in conditions of pH in the range of 5.5-8.0, with the maximum under pH 7.0. Among 11 shellfish species, the highest antioxidant activity in water extract was observed for C. japonica , M. stimpsoni , C. brevisiphonata , G. yessoensis , and C. grayanus : 86.3, 68.7, 72.3, 90.2, and 67.5 mg of ascorbic acid/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity increased with increasing of the hydrolysis degree. The 1-step hydrolysis with Protamex enhanced the DPPH scavenging activity for all samples, with the highest value for the protein hydrolysate of M. stimpsoni tissues (215 mg of ascorbic acid/g). Size of generated peptides is important for the antioxidant activity therefore molecular weight distribution of the peptides during the proteolysis was investigated using HPLC. Portion of the low molecular weight peptides (≤ 1 kDa) in the protein hydrolysate was increased in 4-14 % as compared with the starting protein. The antioxidant activity correlated positively with the number of low molecular weight peptides in protein hydrolysates.

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