scholarly journals The effect of low positive temperature on the content of low molecular weight antioxidants in the organs of a vegetable chrysanthemum plant

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
M. S. Gins ◽  
V. K. Gins ◽  
P. F. Kononkov ◽  
A. A. Baikov ◽  
V. F. Pivovarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Amperometric Method ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Chrysanthemum Plant

The use of the rapid amperometric method made it possible to promptly measure and evaluate the total content of water- and ethanol-soluble antioxidants in extracts from Chryzantemum coronarium L. plants. The effect of optimal and low positive temperatures on the accumulation of low molecular weight antioxidants: ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, soluble carbohydrates, carotenoids in various organs of vegetable chrysanthemum plant were investigated. In the leaves of the studied varieties, the content of flavonoids was two times higher than in the stems, while the accumulation level of condensed and polymeric polyphenols in the stem was three times higher than the level of their accumulation in the leaves. The maximum total antioxidant content was found in the inflorescences, whereas in other organs of the plant they accumulated 2-3 times less. Under the conditions of hypothermia in November, the amount of ascorbic acid, photosynthetic pigments and the total antioxidant content remained at a higher level in the upper photosynthesizing leaves. The data obtained indicate the important role of low molecular weight antioxidants in the protection of plant cells under the action of low positive temperatures.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of vegetable Amaranthus tricolor L. seedlings grown in Moscow region

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Iskren Georgiev Sergiev ◽  
Desislava Aleksandrova Todorova ◽  
Valentina Karlovna Gins ◽  
Svetlana Mikhailovna Motyleva ◽  
Ekaterina Muratovna Gins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions

The use of amperometric express method made it possible to measure quickly and evaluate content of waterand alcohol-soluble antioxidants in extracts from Amaranthus tricolor L. plants. Accumulation of low molecular weight antioxidants: ascorbic acid, beta-cyanine (amaranthine) and the total content of antioxidants in various organs of Valentina amaranth seedlings were studied. The maximum amount of low molecular weight antioxidants accumulates in leaves, compared with roots and stems of seedlings grown in open and protected ground. In open ground conditions, amaranth leaves and stems have 1.5-fold and 2-fold increased level of ascorbic acid than seedlings grown in protected ground. But the total content of water-soluble antioxidants in leaves and roots of seedlings is lower compared to seedlings of protected ground. Minimum amount of antioxidants was found in alcohol extracts of stems and roots in open ground, while the total content of antioxidants in stems and roots was 1.6 fold higher in seedlings grown in protected soil. The content of amaranthine is comparable in the studied organs of amaranth seedlings of both cultivation variants. The data obtained allow to recommend use of leaves and stems of amaranth seedlings grown in open and protected ground (early spring and autumn), as a preventive antioxidant dietary product.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Low Molecular Weight Peptides from Solenocera crassicornis Head against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice via the Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Shuoqi Jiang ◽  
Zhuangwei Zhang ◽  
FangFang Huang ◽  
Zuisu Yang ◽  
Fangmiao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The major component of the Solenocera crassicornis head protein hydrolysates-fraction 1 (SCHPs-F1) are low molecular weight peptides (MW < 1 kDa). In this study, we investigated the potential renoprotective effects of SCHPs-F1 in a cyclophosphamide (CTX) toxicity mouse model. In brief, 40 male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and received either saline or 80 mg/kg body weight (BW) CTX by intraperitoneal injection for 5 days, followed by either saline or SCHPs-F1 (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW) by intragastric administration for 15 days. SCHPs-F1 treatment significantly reversed the CTX-induced decreases in the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450), as well as the renal histological lesions. Furthermore, the results indicated that SCHPs-F1 potentially alleviated CTX-induced nephrotoxicity through mitigating inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and apoptosis status of the kidneys, as evidenced by decreased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ and increased levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Moreover, overexpression of pro-apoptotic proteins pair B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X (Bax)/Bcl-2, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)-3 and caspase-9 in renal tissues were suppressed by treatment with SCHPs-F1. In addition, the protein levels of the antioxidant factor nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the expression levels of its downstream target genes heme-oxygenase (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) 1 (NQO-1) were stimulated by treatment with SCHPs-F1 in the CTX-induced renal injury model. Taken together, our data suggested that SCHPs-F1 could provide a novel potential strategy in mitigating the nephrotoxicity caused by CTX.

Influence of Botanical Species and Geographical Origin on the Content of Low Molecular Weight Phenolic Compounds of Woods Used in Portuguese Cooperage

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Canas ◽  
M. Conceição Leandro ◽  
M. Isabel Spranger ◽  
A. Pedro Belchior
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Botanical Species ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chestnut Wood

Summary The influence of botanical species (Quercus and Castanea sativa) and geographical origin (Portugal—three different sites, France and North America) on the qualitative and quantitative content of some extractable low molecular weight phenolic compounds was assessed by HPLC. Chestnut wood had the highest total content of low molecular weight phenolic compounds, followed by the Portuguese oaks and the French oaks, whereas the American oak had the lowest content of these compounds. The contents of phenolic acids, phenolic aldehydes, scopoletin and umbelliferone were significantly different among the studied woods. Both the botanical species and the geographical origin affect the content of low molecular weight organic compounds of woods used in Portuguese cooperage. The results also show that the botanical species seem to be more important than the geographical origin to explain the difference in the wood phenolic composition. So, the separation of trees according to their origin is of considerable interest for coopers and winemakers to choose wisely the woods for the ageing of brandies.

scholarly journals Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Property Investigation of Gallic Acid-Grafted Fungal Chitosan Conjugate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Weslley Souza de Paiva ◽  
Moacir Fernandes Queiroz ◽  
Diego Araujo Sabry ◽  
André Luiz Cabral Monteiro de Azevedo Santiago ◽  
Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Chitosan Derivative ◽  
Promising Agent ◽  
Fungal Chitosan ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Oxidative stress is the cause of numerous diseases in humans; therefore, there has been a continuous search for novel antioxidant molecules. Fungal chitosan is an attractive molecule that has several applications (antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer and antiparasitic action) owing to its unique characteristics; however, it exhibits low antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to obtain fungal chitosan (Chit-F) from the fungus Rhizopus arrhizus and synthesize its derivative, fungal chitosan-gallic acid (Chit-FGal), as a novel antioxidant chitosan derivative for biomedical use. A low molecular weight Chi-F (~3.0 kDa) with a degree of deacetylation of 86% was obtained from this fungus. Chit-FGal (3.0 kDa) was synthesized by an efficient free radical-mediated method using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid. Both Chit-F and Chit-FGal showed similar copper chelating activities; however, Chit-FGal was more efficient as an antioxidant, exhibiting twice the total antioxidant capacity than Chi-F (p < 0.05). Furthermore, H2O2 (0.06 M) promoted a 50% decrease in the viabilities of the 3T3 fibroblast cells. However, this effect was abolished in the presence of Chit-FGal (0.05–0.25 mg/mL), indicating that Chit-FGal protected the cells from oxidative damage. These results suggest that Chit-FGal may be a promising agent to combat oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum cv. Lema

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Zuliani Sandrin ◽  
Marisa Domingos ◽  
Rita de Cássia Leone Figueiredo-Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Vegetative Tissues ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Different Parts

In temperate grasses, fructans are the major storage polysaccharides, being accumulated mainly in mature leaf sheaths, and also in the roots. The partitioning of carbohydrates within different organs regulates plant growth and development. The aim of the present work was to analyze the partitioning of water soluble carbohydrates in five different parts (elongating leaf blades, expanded leaf blades, upper and lower segments of the stubble, and roots) of plants of L. multiflorum cv. Lema, in order to contribute to an understanding of soluble carbohydrates distribution in these plants. Soluble carbohydrates and total fructose were analyzed in plants cultivated during 4 months in a glasshouse, by colorimetric, TLC and HPAEC-PAD techniques. Results showed that the greatest portion of total soluble carbohydrates was constituted of free and combined fructose, in all parts of the plants. The stubble contained the highest level of carbohydrates, followed by the elongating leaf blades, expanded leaf blades and roots. The leaf sheaths were not analyzed separately from the stubble, which explains the high levels of carbohydrates found in this part of the plant. The high metabolism of the elongating leaf blades, when compared to that of the expanded leaf blades, could explain the increased amounts of fructans stored in those tissues. Analysis by HPAEC-PAD showed that the elongating leaf blades and the roots had the highest proportions of low molecular weight fructans that could be readily mobilized, supplying the demand of growing tissues in other organs.

scholarly journals Synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerols using ascorbic acid as an activator

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Mehdi Dadkhah ◽  
Hamidreza Shamlooei ◽  
Ehsan Mohammadifar ◽  
Mohsen Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

In this work, low molecular weight hyperbranched polyglycerols (LMPGs) are synthesized in bulk using ascorbic acid as an activator.

scholarly journals Production Technology for Oat Protein with Advanced Physicochemical, Functional, and Technological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Егор Каширских ◽  
Egor Kashirskich ◽  
Ольга Бабич ◽  
Olga Babich ◽  
Ольга Кригер ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Molecular Weight Fractions

The current intensive industrialization has changed the food preferences of consumers. As a result, there is a growing demand for high-grade high-nutritional meat and dairy products, which, in its turn, triggered an increase in the demand for grain crops and led to higher animal feed prices. All these affected the price and quality of the finished product, since farms are trying to stay profitable. As a consequence, the high cost of animal proteins make producers look for other sources of protein with similar qualities. Common oat (Avena sativa L.) remains the most cultivated species. Oats are a source of high-quality protein with an optimal amino acid balance. The paper features a oat protein technology (Avena sativa). The research defined the parameters of the protein extraction process. For acid and alkaline methods, the following optimum parameters were revealed: temperature – 40 ± 2°C, hydraulic module – 1:10, time – 90 minutes, active acidity of the acid extraction – 2.0 units, active acidity of alkaline extraction – 9.0 units. The authors managed to obtain protein substances with the molecular weight > 50 kDa. The optimal parameters of ultrafiltration of the protein extract were as follows: pore diameter = 100 kDa at pH 8.0 and 0.5 MPa. The ultrafiltration conducted under these conditions showed that the content of high molecular fractions (globulins and albumins) increased from 39.12% to 55.15% for the extract obtained by alkaline method, whereas the content of low molecular weight fractions (prolamins and glutelins) decreased from 60.88% to 44.85%. Ultrafiltration of protein extracts obtained by alkaline and acidic methods made it possible to concentrate protein fractions with a molecular weight ≥ 50 kDa. When a 10% aqueous solution of succinic acid was used as a precipitator, the protein precipitation degree equaled 89.3%. The paper introduces a new oat protein purification method. The optimal multiplicity of purification by RP-HPLC was 4 purification cycles. For the alkaline extract, the total content of high molecular weight fractions (50.0–120.0 kDa) was 72.7% and the total content of low molecular weight fractions (15.0–49.0 kDa) was 27.3%. For the acid extract, the total content of high molecular weight fractions was 72.9%, while the content of low molecular weight fractions was 27.1%. Oat proteins obtained by alkaline and acid extraction demonstrated a high foaming ability (148–177%) at pH = 6.0–9.0, as well as a good fat and water retention capacity. The oat proteins were found to have a high content of protein and essential amino acids similar to animal proteins. A comparative analysis showed that oat protein can act as an alternative substitute for animal proteins.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document