Cognitive functioning and cognitive style among drug users in maintenance substitution treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary King ◽  
David Best
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1454-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spilios Manolakopoulos ◽  
Melanie J. Deutsch ◽  
Olga Anagnostou ◽  
Stelios Karatapanis ◽  
Elli Tiniakou ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (47) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wiessing ◽  
A Nardone

Transmission of HIV in injecting drug users continues in some countries of the European Union, despite the wide implementation of harm reduction measures such as substitution treatment and needle and syringe programmes.


BMJ ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 341 (jul01 1) ◽  
pp. c3172-c3172 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kimber ◽  
L. Copeland ◽  
M. Hickman ◽  
J. Macleod ◽  
J. McKenzie ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
pp. 1287-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. LUCIDARME ◽  
C. DUBURQUE ◽  
P. BULOIS ◽  
B. FILOCHE

SUMMARYOver the last 40 years, the dynamics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in drug users has been affected by the illicit drug market, the health environment including the devastating impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic which erupted in the 1980s, and the diffusion of substitution treatment beginning in 1995. The purpose of this literature review is to present the dynamics of HCV infection in drug users in France over the last 40 years. Two prevalence studies of HCV infection in the general population were conducted by the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance in 1994 and 2004 and were the touchstone data sources for this analysis. Hypotheses constructed from the findings of these two studies were examined in light of results reported by multicentre prevalence and incidence studies in drug-user populations. The incidence of HCV infection in drug users in France reached a peak in the late 1980s or early 1990s after a lengthy period of epidemic expansion. Implementation of a risk reduction policy enabled a very significant reduction in the incidence of HCV infection in drug users over the last 20 years, leading to incidence figures which are now 10–15% of the 1990 estimate.


2021 ◽  
pp. 009145092110589
Author(s):  
Josefine Skou Jakobsen ◽  
Malene Lindgaard Kloster ◽  
Louise Christensen ◽  
Katrine Schepelern Johansen ◽  
Nanna Kappel ◽  
...  

This article present results from a study of clients experiences of attending a substitution treatment clinic in Copenhagen, Denmark. The study is part of a research project about the everyday lives of marginalized drug users in Copenhagen, their risk environments and their access to formal and informal resources. Thirty-eight clients participated in structured interviews, covering topics concerning, drug use, income, housing, social relations, violence, use of health and social services. A risk environment/enabling environment framework was developed to analyze the data. The research shows that the methadone clinic give the clients access to different material, social and affective resources, but that access to resources often involve different trade-offs. Such trade-offs include accepting control or socializing with drug users to get access to substitution medicine. Some clients accept such trade-offs, others do not and choose find other ways to get resources, exposing themselves to potential harm. This means that the clinic can function as an enabling, constraining and a risky environment for different clients.


1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Tinajero ◽  
María Fernanda Páramo ◽  
Fernando Cadaveira ◽  
Socorro Rodriguez-Holguin

We reviewed a total of 67 studies of the relationship between the cognitive style dimension of field dependence-independence and brain organization. To date, such studies have followed three basic lines of approach: (1) cerebral localization of processes involved in field dependence-independence; (2) evaluation of the relationship between field dependence-independence and hemisphericity; (3) evaluation of the relationship between field dependence-independence and hemispheric differentiation. The results of all three types of study are largely coherent with the differentiation theory formulated by Witkin and his coworkers. In addition, findings to date are of interest in that they suggest new directions for more detailed investigation of the relationship between field dependence-independence and brain organization. These directions appear very promising for improving our understanding of both the nature of cognitive styles and the functioning of the brain in general.


2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2578-2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Guichard ◽  
France Lert ◽  
Jean-Marc Brodeur ◽  
Lucie Richard

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