Genetically engineered stem cells for mechanical and electrical myocardial repair Sergey V Doronin, Irina A Potapova, Damon J Kelly, Adam J Schuldt,

2007 ◽  
pp. 167-180
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Myocardial Repair

Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Key Features You Need to be Aware of.

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeedi ◽  
Muhammad Sadeqi Nezhad ◽  
Fatemeh Mehranfar ◽  
Mahdieh Golpour ◽  
Mohammad Ali Esakandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Cartilage Cells ◽  
Biological Aspects

: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a form of adult stem cells, are known to have a self-renewing property and the potential to specialize into a multitude of cells and tissues such as adipocytes, cartilage cells, and fibroblasts. MSCs can migrate and home to the desired target zone where inflammation is present. The unique characteristics of MSCs in repairing, differentiation, regeneration, and its high capacity of immune modulation has attracted tremendous attention for exerting them in clinical purposes, as they contribute to tissue regeneration process and anti-tumor activity. The MSCs-based treatment has demonstrated remarkable applicability towards various diseases such as heart and bone malignancies, and cancer cells. Importantly, genetically engineered MSCs, as a state-of-the-art therapeutic approach, could address some clinical hurdles by systemic secretion of cytokines and other agents with a short half-life and high toxicity. Therefore, understanding the biological aspects and the characteristics of MSCs is an imperative issue of concern. Herein, we provide an overview of the therapeutic application and the biological features of MSCs against different inflammatory diseases and cancer cells. We further shed light on MSCs physiological interaction, such as migration, homing, and tissue repairing mechanisms with different healthy and inflamed tissues.

scholarly journals Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases—The Role of Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5828
Author(s):  
Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Tenascin C ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mice

Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.

Bioengineered cardiac patch constructed from multilayered mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial repair

Biomaterials ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (26) ◽  
pp. 3547-3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Ji Wei ◽  
Chun-Hung Chen ◽  
Wen-Yu Lee ◽  
Iwen Chiu ◽  
Shiaw-Min Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Cardiac Patch

Automated sorting of genetically engineered embryonic stem cells for generation of mouse models

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. v-vi
Author(s):  
Gunther Kauselmann ◽  
Heidrun Kern ◽  
Anne Klein-Vehne ◽  
Torsten Müller ◽  
Annette Pfennig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Genetically Engineered

Abstract 41: Cell Cycle Activation of Cardiomyocytes Derived From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cardiac Regeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuqiang Zhu ◽  
Meng Zhao ◽  
Saidulu Mattapally ◽  
Ling Gao ◽  
Jianyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Cyclin D2 ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Transplantation of cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) improves cardiac function in animal models with myocardial infarction. However, the poor number of survived cells and the low proliferation capability of cardiomyocyte derived from iPSCs are bottlenecks in myocardial repair with cell therapy. We hypothesize that increasing the number of surviving iPSC-CMs in the engraftment via cell cycle induction may lead to a transmural replacement of scar tissue and a lasting restoration of cardiac function. Cyclin D2 is a protein that regulates cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase. We transfected MHC-cyclin D2 (designated as MHC-cycD2) cDNA into the iPSCs, and differentiated the iPSCs into cardiomyocytes. Comparing to non-expressing cells, MHC-cycD2-expressing cardiomyocytes displayed increased Brdu incorporation activity, suggesting the enhanced cell cycle in MHC-cycD2-expressing cardiomyocytes. Cell cycle activity was confirmed by increased number of Ki-67 and PCNA positive immunostaining cardiomyocytes and more contractile embryonic body cell mass in MHC-cycD2-expressing culture compared to non-expressing culture. Data from Q-PCR and histology suggested that expression of MHC-cycD2 didn’t alter the pluripotency or cardiomyogenic potential of iPSCs. Thus, we have successfully induced cell cycle in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes via expression of cyclin D2. We are currently studying if MHC-cycD2-expressing iPSC-cardiomyocytes exhibit superior regenerative potential compared to their non-expressing counterparts following transplantation into chronically infarcted hearts.

scholarly journals Could Cells from Your Nose Fix Your Heart? Transplantation of Olfactory Stem Cells in a Rat Model of Cardiac Infarction

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 422-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron McDonald ◽  
Alan Mackay-Sim ◽  
Denis Crane ◽  
Wayne Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Olfactory Mucosa ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Cardiac Ventricle ◽  
Green Fluorescent

This study examines the hypothesis that multipotent olfactory mucosal stem cells could provide a basis for the development of autologous cell transplant therapy for the treatment of heart attack. In humans, these cells are easily obtained by simple biopsy. Neural stem cells from the olfactory mucosa are multipotent, with the capacity to differentiate into developmental fates other than neurons and glia, with evidence of cardiomyocyte differentiationin vitroand after transplantation into the chick embryo. Olfactory stem cells were grown from rat olfactory mucosa. These cells are propagated as neurosphere cultures, similar to other neural stem cells. Olfactory neurospheres were grownin vitro, dissociated into single cell suspensions, and transplanted into the infarcted hearts of congeneic rats. Transplanted cells were genetically engineered to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in order to allow them to be identified after transplantation. Functional assessment was attempted using echocardiography in three groups of rats: control, unoperated; infarct only; infarcted and transplanted. Transplantation of neurosphere-derived cells from adult rat olfactory mucosa appeared to restore heart rate with other trends towards improvement in other measures of ventricular function indicated. Importantly, donor-derived cells engrafted in the transplanted cardiac ventricle and expressed cardiac contractile proteins.

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