New observations of Meringosphaera mediterranea from Russian Arctic seas, including a review of global distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-306
Author(s):  
A. A. Georgiev ◽  
M. L. Georgieva ◽  
M. A. Gololobova
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
Common Opinion ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Laptev Sea

Meringosphaera mediterranea is the type species of the genus. The species is widely distributed in the polar, temperate, and tropical marine waters. For many years the systematic position of this species was unclear (the most common opinion was that the species is xanthophyte or chrysophyte alga), and its affiliation to centrohelids was clarified quite recently. In this paper, we report on the finding of M. mediterranea in the East Siberian Sea and for the first time in the Laptev Sea and provide a description of this species accompanying by LM and SEM microphotographs. Also, we summarize all available published information on the global distribution of M. mediterranea.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of Icelus bicornis (Reinhardt, 1840) and Icelus spatula Gilbert & Burke, 1912 in the russian Arctic seas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-2021) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
S.A. Chaus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Laptev Sea

This article provides data on distribution of two circumpolar species – twohorn sculpin Icelus bicornis and spatulate sculpin Icelus spatula in the Russian Arctic seas (Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, East Siberian Sea) in the period from 2014 to 2019. The abundance of the twohorn sculpin varied from 2 to 18 ind/km2, and the biomass varied within 0.002–0.089 kg/km2. For the spatulate sculpin, these parameters were 2–21 ind/km2 and 0.002–0.699 kg/km2. The maximum and minimum values of these parameters for Icelus bicornis were recorded in the Laptev Sea, and for Icelus spatula in the East Siberian Sea. Information on the vertical spatial distribution of these species is also given, confirming the information given earlier that the spatulate sculpin occurs at shallower depths in contrast to the twohorn sculpin.

scholarly journals Change in the time of stable ice formation in the Russian Eastern Arctic seas at the beginning of 21st century

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-404
Author(s):  
A. G. Egorov ◽  
E. A. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
Arctic Area ◽  
The Laptev Sea

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the spatial-temporal variability of the time of stable ice formation in the Russian Eastern Arctic seas (the Laptev Sea, the East-Siberian Sea, the Chukchi Sea) in autumn period during 1942–2018, as well as the climatic changes for the last 20 years. The specialized information archive containing the dates of stable ice formation in the elements of regular grid (5 degrees along the parallel and 1 degree along the meridian) based on the AARI observations and satellite imagery was developed. The archive covers 2.2 million km2 of the Arctic area.  During the period from 1942 to 2018 one can reveal 4 consecutive climatic periods: mean dates of ice formation (1942–1953), anomaly early dates of ice formation (1954–1988), mean dates of ice formation (1989–2002) and anomaly late dates of ice formation (2003–2018). Notice that the ice formation regime in the 21st century, by its abnormality, differs radically from that in the 20th one. For the total area of three seas, the mean date of ice formation in the 21st century became 21 days later than in the 20th one. The most significant changes (up to 45 days) take place in the Chukchi Sea. The transformation of the ice formation regime typical for the 1942–2002 to the regime of 2003–2018 happened rather quickly — approximately within 5 years. The anomaly late time of ice formation began in the Chukchi Sea in 2003, and then this anomaly propagated to the East-Siberian Sea (in 2005) and to the Laptev Sea (in 2009). The 16-year period of anomaly late ice formation consists of three 5–6-year periods depending on location of the maximum anomalies: 2003–2008 (the Chukchi Sea), 2009–2013 (the Laptev Sea), and 2014–2018 (the Chukchi Sea again). As a consequence, the period of autumn warming, which has begun in 2003, is going on till present, and the latest date of ice formation in the eastern Arctic seas for the entire 77-year period was registered just in 2018. 

scholarly journals Ocean-Bottom Seismographs Based on Broadband MET Sensors: Architecture and Deployment Case Study in the Arctic

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3979
Author(s):  
Artem A. Krylov ◽  
Ivan V. Egorov ◽  
Sergey A. Kovachev ◽  
Dmitry A. Ilinskiy ◽  
Oleg Yu. Ganzha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Response ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Shirshov Institute ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ocean Bottom Seismographs ◽  
The Laptev Sea

The Arctic seas are now of particular interest due to their prospects in terms of hydrocarbon extraction, development of marine transport routes, etc. Thus, various geohazards, including those related to seismicity, require detailed studies, especially by instrumental methods. This paper is devoted to the ocean-bottom seismographs (OBS) based on broadband molecular–electronic transfer (MET) sensors and a deployment case study in the Laptev Sea. The purpose of the study is to introduce the architecture of several modifications of OBS and to demonstrate their applicability in solving different tasks in the framework of seismic hazard assessment for the Arctic seas. To do this, we used the first results of several pilot deployments of the OBS developed by Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IO RAS) and IP Ilyinskiy A.D. in the Laptev Sea that took place in 2018–2020. We highlighted various seismological applications of OBS based on broadband MET sensors CME-4311 (60 s) and CME-4111 (120 s), including the analysis of ambient seismic noise, registering the signals of large remote earthquakes and weak local microearthquakes, and the instrumental approach of the site response assessment. The main characteristics of the broadband MET sensors and OBS architectures turned out to be suitable for obtaining high-quality OBS records under the Arctic conditions to solve seismological problems. In addition, the obtained case study results showed the prospects in a broader context, such as the possible influence of the seismotectonic factor on the bottom-up thawing of subsea permafrost and massive methane release, probably from decaying hydrates and deep geological sources. The described OBS will be actively used in further Arctic expeditions.

scholarly journals Sea-level evolution of the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea since the last glacial maximum

arktos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Klemann ◽  
Birgit Heim ◽  
Henning A. Bauch ◽  
Sebastian Wetterich ◽  
Thomas Opel
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Laptev Sea ◽  
The Last Glacial

On the taxonomy and biology of the clearwing moth Aegeria montis (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4369 (3) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
NAOKI YATA ◽  
OLEG G. GORBUNOV ◽  
YUTAKA ARITA ◽  
YOSHICHIKA AOKI
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Clearwing Moth ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The systematic position of Aegeria montis Leech, 1889 and Zhuosesia zhuoxiana Yang, 1977 is discussed. Having studied newly collected material, we transfer A. montis to the genus Chamaesphecia Spuler, 1910, subgenus Chamaesphecia s. str. The male of this species and its genitalia are illustrated for the first time. The host-plant of its larvae is assumed to be a species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae).        Zhuosesia Yang, 1977, syn. nov., is shown to be a junior subjective synonym of Chamaesphecia Spuler, 1910 with the new combination of its type species, Chamaesphecia zhuoxiana (Yang, 1977), comb. nov. 

New species of the genus Paravibrissina Shima (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Southeast Asia and South Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1870 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
HIROSHI SHIMA ◽  
TAKUJI TACHI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
The South ◽  
First Time

Five new species of Paravibrissina Shima are described from Southeast Asia and the South Pacific: P. argentifera sp. nov., P. aurigera sp. nov., P. leucogaster sp. nov., P. pacifica sp. nov. and P. parvula sp. nov. Paravibrissina adiscalis infuscata Shima and P. thailandica Shima are synonymized with P. adiscalis Shima (syn. nov). The female, egg and a host are known for the first time for the type species, P. adiscalis. Paravibrissina is moved to the tribe Goniini from its original placement in the Blondeliini and its systematic position is discussed in light of conflicting characters. A key to the known species of Paravibrissina is provided.

Composition of Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) of the Laptev Sea in comparison with faunas of adjacent Arctic seas

Polar Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Chertoprud ◽  
E. Abramova ◽  
S. Korsun ◽  
F. Martynov ◽  
L. Garlitska
Keyword(s):  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
The Laptev Sea

scholarly journals Bioindication of the water salinity dynamics by the microalgae communities in the Lena River Delta, Laptev Sea, Russian Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
S. S. Barinova ◽  
V. A. Gabyshev ◽  
A. P. Ivanova ◽  
O. I. Gabysheva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Lena River Delta ◽  
The Laptev Sea

The Lena River in the Laptev Sea forms a vast delta, one of the largest in the world. The Ust-Lensky State Nature Reserve saves biodiversity on the Lena Delta territory beyond the Arctic Circle, in the zone of continuous permafrost. In recent years, large-scale plans for the development of extractive industries are implemented in this Russian Arctic sector. In this regard, the study of biodiversity and bioindication properties of aquatic organisms in the Lena River estuary area is becoming more and more relevant. This study aims to identify the species composition of microalgae in lotic and lentic water bodies of the Lena River Delta and use their indicator property for water salinity. It was a trace indicator of species distribution over the delta and their dynamics along the delta main watercourses to assess the impact of river waters on the Laptev Sea coastal areas. For this, all previously published materials on algae and chemical composition of the region waters as well as data obtained in recent years for the waters of the lower Lena reach were involved. In total, 700 species considered to 10 phyla were analyzed: Cyanobacteria (83), Euglenozoa (13), Ochrophyta (Chrysophyta, Xanthophyta) (41), Eustigmatophyta (4), Bacillariophyta (297), Miozoa (20), Cryptophyta (3), Rhodophyta (1), Chlorophyta (125), and Charophyta (111). The available materials of the field and reference observations were analyzed using several statistical methods. The study results indicate that hydrological conditions are the main factor regulating the spatial structure of the species composition of the microalgae communities in the Lena River Delta. The distribution of groups of salinity indicators across flowing water bodies reflects the effect of water salinity, and this allows suggesting possible sources of this effect. The mechanism of tracking the distribution of environmental indicators itself is a sensitive method, that reveals even their subtle changes in them; therefore, as an integral method, it can be helpful for further monitoring.

scholarly journals Spatial location of ice edge in August – September in the Russia’s eastern seas in early 21st century

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
A. G. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
The Laptev Sea

The goal of the present paper is to analyze the spatial-temporal variability of ice edge location in the Eastern Arctic seas of Russia (the Laptev, East-Siberian and Chukchi Seas) in late summer (August-September) during the period from 1981 to 2018, as well as to estimate the multi-year changes taking place in the 21st century. The special archive containing the information on latitude position of ice edge at the meridians between the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago and Alaska was developed; the data of AARI (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute) specialized observations and satellite images were used.The inter-annual variability of ice edge position in the total area shows that the entire period 1981–2018 consists of two significantly different parts: the interval from 1981 to 2001 with southern ice edge position (mean latitude in September comprised 74,9° N), and the interval from 2002 to 2018 with northern ice edge position (mean latitude 78,7° N). The difference between the extreme values of ice edge latitude at some meridians reached 9 degrees of latitude (about 1000 km).During the period from 2002 to 2018, the area of mostly active northward displacement of ice edge moved generally from east to west. From 2002 to 2010, the maximum northward displacement of ice edge was observed in the East-Siberian and Chukchi Seas; in 2007 the extreme northern position of ice edge was registered to the east of the New Siberia Archipelago (mean latitude comprised 84,0° N). However, during 2011–2018, the maximum northward displacement of ice edge was observed in the Laptev Sea; in 2014 the extreme northern position of ice edge was registered to the west of the New Siberia Archipelago (mean latitude comprised 84,5° N).Typologically, the displacement of ice edge from south to north during the period from 2001–2018 looks like a wave; its crest and sole drift from the Chukchi Sea toward the Laptev Sea. Within the period from 2007 to 2010, the ice edge displacement reached its maximum, and after this, during 2011–2015, the reverse motion from north to south began. One can forecast that within the nearest coming years the ice edge oscillatory southward drift would continue, and by the end of 2020-s one can expect the ice edge to have the position typical for the period 2002–2006.The author declares that he has no competing interests.

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