scholarly journals The new BRT system has led to an overall increase in transit-based accessibility to essential services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Empirical evidence from Winnipeg, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Shirodkar Singh ◽  
Reyhane Javanmard ◽  
Jinhyung Lee ◽  
Junghwan Kim ◽  
Ehab Diab
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Before And After ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Different Parts

Recently, in Winnipeg, the implementation of new bus rapid transit (BRT) system in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic has raised many concerns, challenging the rationale behind the untimely release. However, the new BRT service can benefit low-income, socio-economically vulnerable, and transit captive passengers who must travel to essential services and work opportunities during the pandemic. This study evaluates whether the new BRT system has positive impacts on accessibility to such essential services during the pandemic. Isochrones with different time budgets as well as times of a day are generated based on high-resolution public transit network via the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data and used for evaluating accessibility benefits before and after the BRT construction. The new BRT service in Winnipeg demonstrates varying accessibility impacts across different parts of the BRT corridor. Areas near dedicated lane-section show a significant increase, whereas areas near non-dedicated lane sections show a decrease in accessibility. Nevertheless, across the whole BRT corridor, the new BRT service presents an overall increase in accessibility to essential services. This demonstrates the positive accessibility benefits of the new BRT service to residents seeking essential services during the COVID-19 pandemic. A decrease in accessibility along some parts suggests the necessity of using local transit improvement strategies (e.g., dedicated lanes) to improve service speed when planning BRT services within urban areas.

scholarly journals Do Bus Rapid Transit Systems Improve Accessibility to Job Opportunities for the Poor? The Case of Lima, Peru

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Oviedo ◽  
Lynn Scholl ◽  
Marco Innao ◽  
Lauramaria Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The City

Investments in public transit infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean often aim to reduce spatial and social inequalities by improving accessibility to jobs and other opportunities for vulnerable populations. The Metropolitano, Lima’s Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project had as one of its central goals to connect low-income populations living in the peripheries to jobs in the city center. We examine the contribution of Lima’s BRT system to accessibility to employment in the city, particularly for low-income public transit users. Building on secondary datasets of employment, household socio-demographics and Origin-Destination surveys before and after the BRT began operations, we assess its effects on potential accessibility to employment, comparing impacts amongst lower versus higher income populations. Findings suggest that the BRT line reduced travel times to reach jobs, in comparison with traditional public transport in the city, amongst populations living within walking distance of the system. However, we also find that the coverage of the BRT declines in areas with high concentrations of poor and extreme poor populations, limiting the equitability of the accessibility improvements. We analyze the distributional effects of BRT infrastructure and services, discussing policy avenues that can improve the prospects for BRT system investments to include the poor in their mobility benefits.

Does Investing in Rail Transit Benefit the Poor? A Comparative Study of Rail and Bus Travel by Low-Income Households in the California Household Travel Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Ryland Lu
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Travel Survey ◽  
Household Travel Survey ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Household Travel ◽  
Low Income Households

This paper addresses academic discourse that critiques urban rail transit projects for their regressive impacts on the poor and proposes bus funding as a more equitable investment for urban transit agencies. The author analyzed data from the 2012 California Household Travel Survey on transit trips in Los Angeles County. The author cross-tabulated data on the modal breakdown of transit trips by household income category and on the breakdown of household income associated with trips by bus and rail transit modes. The author also comparatively evaluated the speed of trips (as a ratio of miles per hour) taken by rail and by bus by low-income households in the county. The author found convincing evidence that, on average, trips low-income households made by rail transit covered a greater distance per hour than trips taken by bus transit, but that trips made on the county’s bus rapid transit services with dedicated rights-of-way had a higher mean speed than those taken by rail. Moreover, the mode and income cross-tabulations indicate that rail transit projects only partially serve low-income households’ travel needs. To the extent that equitable transit planning entails minimizing the disparities in access, both rail and bus rapid transit projects can advance social justice if they are targeted at corridors where they can serve travel demand by low-income, transit dependent households.

scholarly journals The Causal Effect of Bus Rapid Transit on Changes in Transit Ridership

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Orion Stewart ◽  
◽  
Anne Vernez Moudon ◽  
Brian Saelens ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causal Effect ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
In Transit

scholarly journals Do Bus Rapid Transit Systems Improve Accessibility to Job Opportunities for the Poor? The Case of Lima, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Oviedo ◽  
Lynn Scholl ◽  
Marco Innao ◽  
Lauramaria Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Double Difference ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
The Poor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The City

Investments in public transit infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean often aim to reduce spatial and social inequalities by improving accessibility to jobs and other opportunities for vulnerable populations. One of the central goals of Lima’s Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project was to connect low-income populations living in the peripheries to jobs in the city center, a policy objective that has not yet been evaluated. Building on secondary datasets of employment, household socio-demographics and origin–destination surveys before and after the BRT began operations, this paper examines the contribution of Lima’s BRT system to accessibility to employment in the city, particularly for low-income public transit users. We estimated the effects on potential accessibility to employment, comparing impacts on lower versus higher income populations, and assessed the changes in location-based accessibility to employment before (2004) and after implementation (2012) for treatment and comparison groups. We found that the BRT line reduced travel times for commuters to reach jobs, in comparison with traditional public transport in the city. However, the coverage of the BRT declines in areas with high concentrations of poor populations, limiting the equitability of accessibility improvements. The analysis by socioeconomic sub-groups found positive effects of the BRT system on accessibility for the higher income areas. Relative to the control group, accessibility increased in the 10-km boundary area of the BRT by 0.01, a seven percent increase relative to the treatment baseline accessibility index in the higher socioeconomic (SES) areas of the city. In contrast, in the areas with high concentrations of lower SES populations, the double difference estimate indicated an 11 percent decrease relative to the baseline accessibility index (0.09). We build on case-specific findings and international literature to reflect on policy avenues to include the poor in the mobility benefits of BRT systems. These measures include targeted fare subsidies for low-income groups, fare integration with other forms of public transport that reduce the cost of transfers, and the increase of coverage of the BRT through the integration of stations with non-motorized infrastructure.

scholarly journals TEXT CLUSTERING APPROACH TOWARD COMMUNITY EXPECTATIONS TO THE BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT) TRANSJATENG PURWOKERTO-PURBALINGGA OPERATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-298
Author(s):  
Famila Dwi Winati ◽  
Fauzan Romadlon
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Text Clustering ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
Clustering Approach

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is one of the alternative public transportations in urban areas, which has begun to be implemented in some cities of Indonesia. By finding out the effectiveness of BRT as a mass transportation system, it is necessary to study the expectations of users and non-users of the Trans Jateng Purwokerto-Purbalingga BRT regarding the perceived social, economic, and environmental impacts. This study uses the text Clustering method to group public opinion based on similarities so that it can be analyzed further for policymaking. As a result, the majority of the community gave positive expectations of BRT implementation’s perceived social, economic, and environmental benefits. On the other hand, public opinion on the presence of BRT is not always positive and has a significant impact. Improvements are needed in several aspects that are considered not to meet public expectations to maximize the function of BRT as a substitute for public transportation for private vehicles.

Socio-political tensions in Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) development in low-income Asian cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Suryani Wijaya ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Jeffrey McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Asian Cities

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF A NEW RAPID TRANSIT NETWORK DESIGN MODEL TO BUS RAPID TRANSIT NETWORK DESIGN: CASE STUDY ISFAHAN METROPOLITAN AREA

Transport ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahab Kermanshahi ◽  
Yousef Shafahi ◽  
Mehdi Bagherian
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Search Tree ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Transit Route ◽  
Transit Network Design

The problem of Rapid Transit Network Design (RTND) is studied in this paper. Due to the noticeable contribution of rapid transit lines in public transportation network of large urban areas, this problem is interesting to the transportation specialists. On the other hand, the success stories of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems in different countries have motivated us to study BRT network planning. BRT systems can be developed with less investment costs and construction time in comparison with rail-based systems. Therefore, planning Bus Rapid Transit lines, either to develop a new rapid transit network or extend a current one can be an interesting research topic. This problem, like other network design problems is difficult to solve for large scale networks. In this study, a mixed-integer mathematical model that addresses the Transit Network Design Problem (TNDP) is presented. The objective function of the model is maximization of trip coverage. To solve the model, an algorithm is proposed and implemented in C# environment. The main modules of the algorithm are the following: (1) routes generation, (2) search tree, (3) solution evaluation, and (4) inference. In Route Generation module, the candidate transit route set is determined. Afterwards, the Search Tree module provides a strategy which guarantees that all feasible combinations can be considered in the search process. To evaluate the performance of each transit route combination, a transit assignment algorithm is used in the Solution Evaluation part. Finally, the intelligence core of the search process, that is called Inference, helps the algorithm to find parts of the search space which cannot contain the optimal solution. The algorithm is tested on a real size network, i.e., the extension of the Greater Isfahan rapid transit network with BRT routes. The output of the algorithm is the set of BRT routes that maximizes the daily trip coverage index while satisfying the budget constraint. By solving the case study problem, it is shown that our proposed model and algorithm are capable of tackling real size rapid transit network design problems.

scholarly journals Analysis of Trans-Mebidang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Policy Implementation in North Sumatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1849-1859
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nizam ◽  
Rahim Matondang ◽  
Badaruddin Badaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
North Sumatra

Trans Mebidang is a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system in North Sumatra Province which operates in Medan City, Binjai City, and Deli Serdang Regency. According to the Research and Development Center for Land and Railways at the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia in 2014 the traffic density level in Medan City reached a V / C ratio of 0.769, this has an impact on inconvenience and increases travel time for road users. This study aims to determine the extent of the implementation of the governor's regulations and to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the Trans Mebidang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) policy in breaking down congestion in Medan City. In this study, researchers used descriptive methods with observation data collection techniques, interviews and literature studies. The data analysis technique used in this research is analysis using transcripts of the results of interviews, data reduction, analysis, data interpretation and triangulation.The results of the study, researchers found a phenomenon in the field that the implementation of policies in the Regulation of the Governor of North Sumatra Number 31 of 2014 concerning Road-Based Mass Public Transportation Services in the Urban Areas of Medan, Binjai and Deli Serdang. Based on the research focus set in accordance with Edward III's theory, the researcher can conclude that the supporting and inhibiting factors are influenced by aspects of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure, this can be seen in the summary of the research results that have been presented by the researcher in writing this thesis.

scholarly journals Preferensi Konsumen Terhadap Transportasi Publik (Studi Kasus Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Kota Semarang)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichwinsyah Azali ◽  
Edy Yusuf Agung Gunanto ◽  
Nugroho SBM
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Transportation Modes

<p class="Headings1">Abstrak</p><p>Kota Semarang sebagai ibukota Provinsi Jawa Tengah memiliki tingkat kepadatan penduduk sebesar 4.269 jiwa/km2 pada tahun 2015. Dengan tingkat kepadatan yang cukup tinggi, mobilitas yang terjadi akan terus meningkat. Pemerintah mengatur kebijakan Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009  pasal 158 ayat 1, pemerintah kota Semarang menyediakan kebutuhan angkutan massal di kawasan perkotaan berupa <em>Bus Rapid Transit</em> (BRT) Trans Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis preferensi konsumen dari segi harga, kenyamanan, keandalan, aksesibilitas, dan keamanan terhadap kemungkinan pemilihan moda BRT dan moda transportasi Non-BRT. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 responden dengan purposive sampling. Model <em>Binary Logistic Regression</em> digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen pemilihan moda BRT dan Non-BRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan moda BRT dan Non-BRT di Kota Semarang didominasi oleh pengguna 82 responden untuk BRT dan 18 responden untuk Non-BRT. Pemilihan moda BRT dan Non-BRT dipengaruhi oleh harga, faktor kenyamanan, keandalan, aksesibilitas dan keamanan.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Pemilihan Moda, <em>Bus Rapid Transit</em> (BRT) Trans Semarang, <em>Binary Logistic Regression</em>.</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Semarang as the capital city of Central Java Province has a population density of 4.269 per square kilometer in 2015. Due to high population density, communities’ mobility will also be increasing. Government arranged the policy related to traffic and public transportation in the Law Number 22 Year 2009 article 158 paragraph 1, the government of Semarang City has guaranteed the availability of road-based transportation in Urban Areas by providing public transportation namely Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Trans Semarang. This research aims to analyze communities’ preference in terms of price, convenience, reliability, accessibility, and safety toward the possibility of BRT and Non BRT transportation modes selection. This research uses 100 respondents by Purposive Sampling. Binary Logistic Regression model is applied to determine the effect of independent variable towards dependent variable of BRT and Non BRT transportation modes selection. The result of this research indicated that BRT and Non BRT transportation modes selection in Semarang City are dominated by 82 respondents of BRT users and 18 respondents of Non BRT users. BRT and Non BRT transportation modes selection are affected by the factor of price, convenience, reliability, accessibility, and safety.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Modes selection, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Trans Semarang, Principal Component Analysis, Binary Logistic Regression.</em><strong></strong></p><em class="Headings1"></em><strong></strong><em></em><strong></strong>

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