scholarly journals From the space-time model to the time-invariant space model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrit S. Sorli

Carlo Rovelli’s research on time suggests that time has no physical existence, that it is an illusion. Bijective research confirms Rovelli is right. Time is what we measure with clocks. We measure with clocks the numerical sequential order of material change, i.e. the motion running in time-invariant space. Time as the duration of change enters existence only when measured by the observer. The change runs only in time-invariant universal space. Humans are experiencing a run of changes in time-invariant space in the frame of the linear psychological time “past-present-future” that has its basis in the neurological activity of the brain. In the universe, there is neither a physical past nor physical future. There exists only what we can observe with our senses and measure with apparatuses.

Author(s):  
Alexander Shamailovich Avshalumov

Since the creation of GR and subsequent works in cosmology, the question of the curvature of space in the Universe is considered one of the most important and debated to this day. This is evident, because the curvature of space depends whether the Universe expands, contracts or is static. These discussions allowed the author to propose a paradoxical idea: simultaneous existence in the Universe of three interconnected space-times (positive, negative and zero curvature) and on this basis, to develop a theory in which each space-time plays its own role and develops in a strict accordance with its sign of curvature. The three space-time model of the structure of the Universe, proposed by the author, allows to solve many fundamental problems of modern cosmology and theoretical physics and creates the basis for building a unified physical theory (including one that unites GR and quantum physics).


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Amrit Srecko Sorli

Cosmology should be built on falsifiability, bijectivity, and experimental data. Speculations are not allowed. NASA has measured universal space has Euclidean shape, which means universal space is infinite in the volume. Einstein’s vision on time as the sequential order of events running in space has bijective correspondence with the physical reality and means that the universe does not run in some physical time; it runs only in space, which is time-invariant. In this timeless universe, there is no singularity of the beginning, there is no singularity inside of black holes. The energy of the universe is non-created, its transformation is eternal without the beginning and without the end.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Amrit S. Šorli

Einstein has kept time as the dimension of the space-time continuum that is supposed to be a fundamental arena of the universe. Our research confirms time is the duration of changes, i.e., motion run in the time-invariant universal space that has Euclidean shape, it is infinite. Black holes in the center of galaxies are rejuvenating systems of the universe. In these black holes old matter is transforming back into the fresh energy of elementary that AGNs are throwing in the intergalactic space in the form of huge jests. These jets are fresh material for new star formation. The universal process of continuous rejuvenation is eternal.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Avshalumov

The three space-time model of the structure of the Universe, proposed by the author, allows to solve many fundamental problems of modern cosmology and theoretical physics and creates the basis for building a unified physical theory (including one that unites GR and quantum physics).


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Reyan Kumar Sapkota

Throughout most of human history, events and phenomena of interest have been characterized using space and time as their major characteristic dimensions, in either absolute or relative conceptualizations. Space–Time analysis seeks to understand when and where (and sometimes why) things occur. Ever since Einstein introduced this topic in his “General Theory of Relativity” (a remarkable feat) in 1915, many explanations, assumptions about Space-Time have been published. The authentic archives of Space-Time have helped us to predict and express the ongoing spatial phenomena of the Universe. The strangeness of Space-Time forces Young Researchers and Physicists to study upon the current predictions and theories, sink into the ocean of Space-Time mystery and come up with their own predictions. Besides Space-Time, the predictions about us being in a Simulation is a recent concept. Nick Bostrom’s trilemma “the Simulation argument”, published in 2003 led to the commencement of further oddly satisfying, real life evidence enriched, research papers. “Two possibilities exist: either we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are equally terrifying.”- by Andrew C Clarke. Throughout the paper, the Loaf Space-Time model and brief insights on other hypotheses about the structure of the mysterious space-time will be presented with insightful examples, authentic research outcomes, which will be linked with the Simulation Hypothesis.


Author(s):  
Reyan Kumar Sapkota ◽  

Throughout most of human history, events and phenomena of interest have been characterized using space and time as their major characteristic dimensions, in either absolute or relative conceptualizations. Space–Time analysis seeks to understand when and where (and sometimes why) things occur. Ever since Einstein introduced this topic in his “General Theory of Relativity” (a remarkable feat) in 1915, many explanations, assumptions about Space-Time have been published. The authentic archives of Space-Time have helped us to predict and express the ongoing spatial phenomena of the Universe. The strangeness of Space-Time forces Young Researchers and Physicists to study upon the current predictions and theories, sink into the ocean of Space-Time mystery and come up with their own predictions. Besides Space-Time, the predictions about us being in a Simulation is a recent concept. Nick Bostrom’s trilemma “the Simulation argument”, published in 2003 led to the commencement of further oddly satisfying, real life evidence enriched, research papers. “Two possibilities exist: either we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are equally terrifying.”- by Andrew C Clarke. Throughout the paper, the Loaf Space-Time model and brief insights on other hypotheses about the structure of the mysterious space-time will be presented with insightful examples, authentic research outcomes, which will be linked with the Simulation Hypothesis.


2016 ◽  
pp. 4058-4069
Author(s):  
Michael A Persinger

                                Translation of four dimensional axes anywhere within the spatial and temporal boundaries of the universe would require quantitative values from convergence between parameters that reflect these limits. The presence of entanglement and volumetric velocities indicates that the initiating energy for displacement and transposition of axes would be within the upper limit of the rest mass of a single photon which is the same order of magnitude as a macroscopic Hamiltonian of the modified Schrödinger wave function. The representative metaphor is that any local 4-D geometry, rather than displaying restricted movement through Minkowskian space, would instead expand to the total universal space-time volume before re-converging into another location where it would be subject to cause-effect. Within this transient context the contributions from the anisotropic features of entropy and the laws of thermodynamics would be minimal.  The central operation of a fundamental unit of 10-20 J, the hydrogen line frequency, and the Bohr orbital time for ground state electrons would be required for the relocalized manifestation. Similar quantified convergence occurs for the ~1012 parallel states within space per Planck’s time which solve for phase-shift increments where Casimir and magnetic forces intersect.  Experimental support for these interpretations and potential applications is considered. The multiple, convergent solutions of basic universal quantities suggest that translations of spatial axes into adjacent spatial states and the transposition of four dimensional configurations any where and any time within the universe may be accessed but would require alternative perspectives and technologies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Stehr ◽  
Anders Rønn-Nielsen

AbstractWe consider a space-time random field on ${{\mathbb{R}^d} \times {\mathbb{R}}}$ given as an integral of a kernel function with respect to a Lévy basis with a convolution equivalent Lévy measure. The field obeys causality in time and is thereby not continuous along the time axis. For a large class of such random fields we study the tail behaviour of certain functionals of the field. It turns out that the tail is asymptotically equivalent to the right tail of the underlying Lévy measure. Particular examples are the asymptotic probability that there is a time point and a rotation of a spatial object with fixed radius, in which the field exceeds the level x, and that there is a time interval and a rotation of a spatial object with fixed radius, in which the average of the field exceeds the level x.


2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 6659-6673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Xin ◽  
Guisheng Liao ◽  
Zhiwei Yang ◽  
Yuhong Zhang ◽  
Hongxing Dang

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