scholarly journals The Volume and Tone of Twitter Posts About Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Cresswell ◽  
Lisette Espín-Noboa ◽  
Malia Su-Qin Murphy ◽  
Serine Ramlawi ◽  
Mark C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Application Programming

Background: Cannabis use has increased in Canada since its legalization in 2018, includingamong pregnant women who may be motivated to use cannabis to reduce symptoms ofnausea and vomiting. However, a growing body of research suggests that cannabis useduring pregnancy may harm the developing fetus. As a result, patients increasingly seekmedical advice from online sources, but these platforms may also spread anecdotaldescriptions or misinformation. Given the possible disconnect between online messaging andevidence-based research about the effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, there is apotential for advice taken from social media to cause harm.Objectives: To quantify the volume and tone of English-language posts related to cannabisuse in pregnancy from January 2012 to July 2021.Methods: Modelling published frameworks for scoping reviews, we will collect publiclyavailable posts from Twitter that mention cannabis use during pregnancy and employ theTwitter Application Programming Interface (API) for Academic Research to extract data fromtweets, including public metrics such as the number of likes, retweets and quotes, as well ashealth effect mentions, sentiment, location and users interests. These data will be used toquantify how cannabis use during pregnancy is discussed on Twitter and to build a qualitativeprofile of supportive and opposing posters.Results: The CHEO Research Ethics Board reviewed our project and granted an exemptionin May 2021. As of September 2021, we have gained approval to use the Twitter API forAcademic Research and have developed a preliminary search strategy that returns over 2million unique tweets posted between 2012 and 2020.Conclusions: Understanding how Twitter is being used to discuss cannabis use duringpregnancy will help public health agencies and healthcare providers assess the messagingpatients may be receiving and develop communication strategies to counter misinformation,especially in geographical regions where legalization is recent or imminent. Most importantly,we foresee that our findings will assist expecting families in making informed choices aboutwhere they choose to access advice about using cannabis during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Volume and Tone of Twitter Posts About Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Cresswell ◽  
Lisette Espín-Noboa ◽  
Malia Su-Qin Murphy ◽  
Serine Ramlawi ◽  
Mark C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Application Programming

Introduction: Cannabis use has increased in Canada since its legalization in 2018, including among pregnant women who may be motivated to use cannabis to reduce symptoms of nausea and vomiting. However, a growing body of research suggests that cannabis use during pregnancy may harm the developing fetus. Patients increasingly seek medical advice from online sources, but these platforms are often used to spread anecdotal descriptions or misinformation. Given the possible disconnect between online messaging and evidence-based research about the effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, there is a potential for advice taken from social media to cause harm. We propose a scoping review of Twitter to quantify the volume and tone of English-language posts related to cannabis use in pregnancy from January 2012 to July 2021.Methods and Analysis: Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping reviews, we will collect publicly available posts from Twitter that mention cannabis use during pregnancy and employ the Twitter Application Programming Interface (API) for Academic Research to extract data from tweets, including public metrics such as the number of likes, retweets and quotes, as well as health effect mentions, sentiment, location and users interests. These data will be used to quantify how cannabis use during pregnancy is discussed on Twitter and to build a qualitative profile of supportive and opposing posters.Ethics and Dissemination: Research ethics approval is not required for publicly accessible Twitter data. We will disseminate this review’s findings through traditional channels, including preprint and peer-reviewed publications and presentations at academic conferences. In addition, we will share our findings through professional and institutional social media accounts and web pages associated with the research team.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Infodemic: The complex task of elevating signal and eliminating noise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejas Desai ◽  
Arvind Conjeevaram
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
Visual Basic Application ◽  
Programming Interface

AbstractIn Situation Report #3 and 39 days before declaring COVID-19 a pandemic, the WHO declared a -19 infodemic. The volume of coronavirus tweets was far too great for one to find accurate or reliable information. Healthcare workers were flooded with which drowned the of valuable COVID-19 information. To combat the infodemic, physicians created healthcare-specific micro-communities to share scientific information with other providers. We analyzed the content of eight physician-created communities and categorized each message in one of five domains. We coded 1) an application programming interface to download tweets and their metadata in JavaScript Object Notation and 2) a reading algorithm using visual basic application in Excel to categorize the content. We superimposed the publication date of each tweet into a timeline of key pandemic events. Finally, we created NephTwitterArchive.com to help healthcare workers find COVID-19-related signal tweets when treating patients. We collected 21071 tweets from the eight hashtags studied. Only 9051 tweets were considered signal: tweets categorized into both a domain and subdomain. There was a trend towards fewer signal tweets as the pandemic progressed, with a daily median of 22% (IQR 0-42%. The most popular subdomain in Prevention was PPE (2448 signal tweets). In Therapeutics, Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine wwo Azithromycin and Mechanical Ventilation were the most popular subdomains. During the active Infodemic phase (Days 0 to 49), a total of 2021 searches were completed in NephTwitterArchive.com, which was a 26% increase from the same time period before the pandemic was declared (Days −50 to −1). The COVID-19 Infodemic indicates that future endeavors must be undertaken to eliminate noise and elevate signal in all aspects of scientific discourse on Twitter. In the absence of any algorithm-based strategy, healthcare providers will be left with the nearly impossible task of manually finding high-quality tweets from amongst a tidal wave of noise.

scholarly journals Application Programming Interface (API) for Immunization Information Interoperability

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Arzt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Standard Application ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interfaces ◽  
Programming Interface ◽  
Effective Immunization

Public health agencies established immunization registries - now called Immunization Information Systems (IIS) - to consolidate records across provider locations to support more effective immunization of patients and public health surveillance. While initially collecting data through interactive client-server and then web-based interfaces, IIS now collect the vast majority of their data through automated interfaces to electronic health record (EHR) systems using standard application programming interfaces (API). IIS have sophisticated processing rules for the incoming data to ensure data accuracy and completeness. This paper will review the existing workflow, standards, and processes used by IIS to accept, process, and make immunization data available. This will include a review of emerging standards - Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) - which will likely become dominant over the next few years.

The COVID-19 Infodemic (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEJAS DESAI ◽  
Arvind Conjeevaram
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
Visual Basic Application

BACKGROUND In Situation Report #13 and 39 days before declaring COVID-19 a pandemic, the WHO declared a “COVID-19 infodemic”. The volume of coronavirus tweets was far too great for one to find accurate or reliable information. Healthcare workers were flooded with “noise” which drowned the “signal” of valuable COVID-19 information. To combat the infodemic, physicians created healthcare-specific micro-communities to share scientific information with other providers. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to eliminate noise and elevate signal tweets related to COVID-19 and provide easy access to the most educational tweets for medical professionals who were searching for information. METHODS We analyzed the content of eight physician-created communities and categorized each message in one of five domains. We coded 1) an application programming interface to download tweets and their metadata in JavaScript Object Notation and 2) a reading algorithm using visual basic application in Excel to categorize the content. We superimposed the publication date of each tweet into a timeline of key pandemic events. Finally, we created NephTwitterArchive.com to help healthcare workers find COVID-19-related signal tweets when treating patients. RESULTS We collected 21071 tweets from the eight hashtags studied. Only 9051 tweets were considered signal: tweets categorized into both a domain and subdomain. There was a trend towards fewer signal tweets as the pandemic progressed, with a daily median of 22% (IQR 0-42%). The most popular subdomain in Prevention was PPE (2448 signal tweets). In Therapeutics, Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine wwo Azithromycin and Mechanical Ventilation were the most popular subdomains. During the active Infodemic phase (Days 0 to 49), a total of 2021 searches were completed in NephTwitterArchive.com, which was a 26% increase from the same time period before the pandemic was declared (Days -50 to -1). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 Infodemic indicates that future endeavors must be undertaken to eliminate noise and elevate signal in all aspects of scientific discourse on Twitter. In the absence of any algorithm-based strategy, healthcare providers will be left with the nearly impossible task of manually finding high-quality tweets from amongst a tidal wave of noise. CLINICALTRIAL not applicable

scholarly journals Quantifying the Growth of Preprint Services Hosted by the Center for Open Science

Publications ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Narock ◽  
Evan B. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Connected Component ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interface

A wide range of disciplines are building preprint services—web-based systems that enable publishing non peer-reviewed scholarly manuscripts before publication in a peer-reviewed journal. We have quantitatively surveyed nine of the largest English language preprint services offered by the Center for Open Science (COS) and available through an Application Programming Interface. All of the services we investigate also permit the submission of postprints, non-typeset versions of peer-reviewed manuscripts. Data indicates that all services are growing, but with submission rates below more mature services (e.g., bioRxiv). The trend of the preprint-to-postprint ratio for each service indicates that recent growth is a result of more preprint submissions. The nine COS services we investigate host papers that appear in a range of peer-reviewed journals, and many of these publication venues are not listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals. As a result, COS services function as open repositories for peer-reviewed papers that would otherwise be behind a paywall. We further analyze the coauthorship network for each COS service, which indicates that the services have many small connected components, and the largest connected component encompasses only a small percentage of total authors on each service. When comparing the papers submitted to each service, we observe topic overlap measured by keywords self-assigned to each manuscript, indicating that search functionalities would benefit from cutting across the boundaries of a single service. Finally, though annotation capabilities are integrated into all COS services, it is rarely used by readers. Our analysis of these services can be a benchmark for future studies of preprint service growth.

scholarly journals Adult stroke survivor’s reintegration to normal living: a scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Opeoluwa Ogunlana ◽  
Pragashnie Govender ◽  
Olufemi Oyeleye Oyewole ◽  
Ifeoma Blessing Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Study Designs

Abstract Background To the best of our knowledge, a scoping review of the published literature investigating the determinants of adult stroke survivors’ reintegration to normal living has not been conducted. This scoping review aims to critically review the evidence investigating reintegration to normal living following a stroke. The following questions on reintegration to normal living after stroke will pivot this review: (i) what factors are associated with returning to normal living of stroke survivors? (ii) what are the overall determinants of reintegration to normal living of stroke survivors? To fully understand these questions, we also ask, how is reintegration to normal living assessed throughout stroke literature? Methods A scoping review will be conducted based on the methodology presented by Arksey and O’Malley and extended by Levac and colleagues. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was adopted to develop the protocol. This study will include studies involving participants ≥ 18 years old, who are stroke survivors reintegrating to normal living in the community. With no time limitations, English language publications and all study designs reporting on reintegration to normal living of stroke survivors’ will be sourced. The abstract and full-text screening will be conducted by two independent reviewers, including data charting. Thematic analysis will be used to align relevant themes and will be presented in a narrative. Discussion We anticipate that the scoping review will highlight the available resources and evidence on factors that determine reintegration to normal living of stroke survivors. This may contribute to informed empirical evidence for rehabilitation professionals to enhance the functional recovery of stroke survivors. It may also reveal other areas for research into reintegration to normal living for stroke survivors. Scoping review registration The protocol has been registered prospectively on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/36tuz/).

Remote EEG monitoring of epilepsy in adults: A scoping review protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison Milne-Ives ◽  
Rohit Shankar ◽  
Brendan Mclean ◽  
Jonas Dunn-Henriksen ◽  
Steen Hesthaven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Improve Patient

BACKGROUND Electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring is a key tool in diagnosing and determining treatment for people with epilepsy; however, obtaining sufficient high-quality data can be a time-consuming, costly, and inconvenient process for patients and healthcare providers. Remote EEG monitoring has the potential to improve patient experience, data quality, and accessibility for people with intellectual or developmental disabilities. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the current research evidence and knowledge gaps regarding the use of remote EEG monitoring interventions for adults with epilepsy. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study (PICOS) frameworks will be used to structure the review. Searches will be conducted in six databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov) for articles published in English that evaluate at least one out-of-hospital EEG monitoring intervention or device for adults with epilepsy. A descriptive analysis will be conducted to summarise the results and key themes and gaps in the literature will be discussed. RESULTS Results will be included in the scoping review, which will be submitted for publication by December 2021. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will summarize the state of the field of remote EEG monitoring interventions for adults with epilepsy and provide an overview of the strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the research.

scholarly journals Quantifying the growth of preprint services hosted by the Center for Open Science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom William Narock ◽  
Evan Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Connected Component ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interface

A wide range of disciplines are building preprint services — cyberinfrastructure that enables publishing non peer-reviewed scholarly manuscripts before publication in a peer-reviewed journal. We have quantitatively surveyed nine of the largest English language preprint services offered by the Center for Open Science (COS) and available through the COS Application Programming Interface. All of the services we investigate also permit the submission of postprints, non-typeset versions of peer-reviewed manuscripts. Data indicates that all services are growing, but with submission rates below more mature services (e.g., bioRxiv). The time evolution of the preprint-to-postprint ratio for each service indicates that recent growth is a result of more preprint submissions. The nine COS services we investigate posted papers that appear in a range of peer-reviewed journals, and many of these publication venues are not listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals. As a result, it is likely that the COS services function as open repositories for peer-reviewed papers that would otherwise be behind a paywall. We further analyze the coauthorship network for each COS service, which indicates that the services have many small connected components, and the largest connected component encompasses only a small percentage of total authors on each service. This indicates all services can continue to grow. When comparing the papers submitted to each service, we observe topic overlap measured by keywords self-assigned to each manuscripts, indicating that search functionalities would benefit from cutting across the boundaries of a single service. Finally, though annotation capabilities are integrated into all COS services, it is rarely used by readers. Our analysis of these services can be a benchmark for future studies of preprint service growth.

scholarly journals Using Twitter for sentiment analysis towards AstraZeneca/Oxford, Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-140685
Author(s):  
Robert Marcec ◽  
Robert Likic
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Programming Interface ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionA worldwide vaccination campaign is underway to bring an end to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; however, its success relies heavily on the actual willingness of individuals to get vaccinated. Social media platforms such as Twitter may prove to be a valuable source of information on the attitudes and sentiment towards SARS-CoV-2 vaccination that can be tracked almost instantaneously.Materials and methodsThe Twitter academic Application Programming Interface was used to retrieve all English-language tweets mentioning AstraZeneca/Oxford, Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines in 4 months from 1 December 2020 to 31 March 2021. Sentiment analysis was performed using the AFINN lexicon to calculate the daily average sentiment of tweets which was evaluated longitudinally and comparatively for each vaccine throughout the 4 months.ResultsA total of 701 891 tweets have been retrieved and included in the daily sentiment analysis. The sentiment regarding Pfizer and Moderna vaccines appeared positive and stable throughout the 4 months, with no significant differences in sentiment between the months. In contrast, the sentiment regarding the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine seems to be decreasing over time, with a significant decrease when comparing December with March (p<0.0000000001, mean difference=−0.746, 95% CI=−0.915 to −0.577).ConclusionLexicon-based Twitter sentiment analysis is a valuable and easily implemented tool to track the sentiment regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. It is worrisome that the sentiment regarding the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine appears to be turning negative over time, as this may boost hesitancy rates towards this specific SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

scholarly journals Predictors of Physical and Mental Health in Healthcare Teams Working With COVID-19 Patients: A Scoping Review Protocol.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Alberto Aguirre-Duarte ◽  
John Ovretveit ◽  
Timothy Kenealy
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Teams ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Available Information

Abstract IntroductionAs a result of the current pandemic (COVID-19), many clinical teams are exposed to stressful situations that may lead to physical and mental issues for clinical staff themselves (we exclude the effects of personal infection with the virus). Recent studies suggest some predictors could depend on context, notably country and the type of the health system. Methods and AnalysisThis protocol was follows using the PRISMA-ScR guideline (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), which was revised and approved by the research team. This study aims to identify factors and evidence of the physical, behavioural and mental consequences of sustained clinical practice in a continuing pandemic. Our research seeks to fill this gap in the literature, and the results may suggest to governments, healthcare authorities and healthcare providers appropriate measures to mitigate risks to healthcare workers during a pandemic response.Dissemination and ethicsThe current research design is based on the use of publicly available information and does not require ethical approval. The findings will be disseminated in conferences. Results will be published and additionally shared with relevant local and national authorities.

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