scholarly journals The Volume and Tone of Twitter Posts About Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Cresswell ◽  
Lisette Espín-Noboa ◽  
Malia Su-Qin Murphy ◽  
Serine Ramlawi ◽  
Mark C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Application Programming

Introduction: Cannabis use has increased in Canada since its legalization in 2018, including among pregnant women who may be motivated to use cannabis to reduce symptoms of nausea and vomiting. However, a growing body of research suggests that cannabis use during pregnancy may harm the developing fetus. Patients increasingly seek medical advice from online sources, but these platforms are often used to spread anecdotal descriptions or misinformation. Given the possible disconnect between online messaging and evidence-based research about the effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, there is a potential for advice taken from social media to cause harm. We propose a scoping review of Twitter to quantify the volume and tone of English-language posts related to cannabis use in pregnancy from January 2012 to July 2021.Methods and Analysis: Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping reviews, we will collect publicly available posts from Twitter that mention cannabis use during pregnancy and employ the Twitter Application Programming Interface (API) for Academic Research to extract data from tweets, including public metrics such as the number of likes, retweets and quotes, as well as health effect mentions, sentiment, location and users interests. These data will be used to quantify how cannabis use during pregnancy is discussed on Twitter and to build a qualitative profile of supportive and opposing posters.Ethics and Dissemination: Research ethics approval is not required for publicly accessible Twitter data. We will disseminate this review’s findings through traditional channels, including preprint and peer-reviewed publications and presentations at academic conferences. In addition, we will share our findings through professional and institutional social media accounts and web pages associated with the research team.

scholarly journals The Volume and Tone of Twitter Posts About Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Cresswell ◽  
Lisette Espín-Noboa ◽  
Malia Su-Qin Murphy ◽  
Serine Ramlawi ◽  
Mark C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Application Programming

Background: Cannabis use has increased in Canada since its legalization in 2018, includingamong pregnant women who may be motivated to use cannabis to reduce symptoms ofnausea and vomiting. However, a growing body of research suggests that cannabis useduring pregnancy may harm the developing fetus. As a result, patients increasingly seekmedical advice from online sources, but these platforms may also spread anecdotaldescriptions or misinformation. Given the possible disconnect between online messaging andevidence-based research about the effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, there is apotential for advice taken from social media to cause harm.Objectives: To quantify the volume and tone of English-language posts related to cannabisuse in pregnancy from January 2012 to July 2021.Methods: Modelling published frameworks for scoping reviews, we will collect publiclyavailable posts from Twitter that mention cannabis use during pregnancy and employ theTwitter Application Programming Interface (API) for Academic Research to extract data fromtweets, including public metrics such as the number of likes, retweets and quotes, as well ashealth effect mentions, sentiment, location and users interests. These data will be used toquantify how cannabis use during pregnancy is discussed on Twitter and to build a qualitativeprofile of supportive and opposing posters.Results: The CHEO Research Ethics Board reviewed our project and granted an exemptionin May 2021. As of September 2021, we have gained approval to use the Twitter API forAcademic Research and have developed a preliminary search strategy that returns over 2million unique tweets posted between 2012 and 2020.Conclusions: Understanding how Twitter is being used to discuss cannabis use duringpregnancy will help public health agencies and healthcare providers assess the messagingpatients may be receiving and develop communication strategies to counter misinformation,especially in geographical regions where legalization is recent or imminent. Most importantly,we foresee that our findings will assist expecting families in making informed choices aboutwhere they choose to access advice about using cannabis during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Adult stroke survivor’s reintegration to normal living: a scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Opeoluwa Ogunlana ◽  
Pragashnie Govender ◽  
Olufemi Oyeleye Oyewole ◽  
Ifeoma Blessing Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Study Designs

Abstract Background To the best of our knowledge, a scoping review of the published literature investigating the determinants of adult stroke survivors’ reintegration to normal living has not been conducted. This scoping review aims to critically review the evidence investigating reintegration to normal living following a stroke. The following questions on reintegration to normal living after stroke will pivot this review: (i) what factors are associated with returning to normal living of stroke survivors? (ii) what are the overall determinants of reintegration to normal living of stroke survivors? To fully understand these questions, we also ask, how is reintegration to normal living assessed throughout stroke literature? Methods A scoping review will be conducted based on the methodology presented by Arksey and O’Malley and extended by Levac and colleagues. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was adopted to develop the protocol. This study will include studies involving participants ≥ 18 years old, who are stroke survivors reintegrating to normal living in the community. With no time limitations, English language publications and all study designs reporting on reintegration to normal living of stroke survivors’ will be sourced. The abstract and full-text screening will be conducted by two independent reviewers, including data charting. Thematic analysis will be used to align relevant themes and will be presented in a narrative. Discussion We anticipate that the scoping review will highlight the available resources and evidence on factors that determine reintegration to normal living of stroke survivors. This may contribute to informed empirical evidence for rehabilitation professionals to enhance the functional recovery of stroke survivors. It may also reveal other areas for research into reintegration to normal living for stroke survivors. Scoping review registration The protocol has been registered prospectively on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/36tuz/).

scholarly journals Using Twitter for sentiment analysis towards AstraZeneca/Oxford, Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-140685
Author(s):  
Robert Marcec ◽  
Robert Likic
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Programming Interface ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionA worldwide vaccination campaign is underway to bring an end to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; however, its success relies heavily on the actual willingness of individuals to get vaccinated. Social media platforms such as Twitter may prove to be a valuable source of information on the attitudes and sentiment towards SARS-CoV-2 vaccination that can be tracked almost instantaneously.Materials and methodsThe Twitter academic Application Programming Interface was used to retrieve all English-language tweets mentioning AstraZeneca/Oxford, Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines in 4 months from 1 December 2020 to 31 March 2021. Sentiment analysis was performed using the AFINN lexicon to calculate the daily average sentiment of tweets which was evaluated longitudinally and comparatively for each vaccine throughout the 4 months.ResultsA total of 701 891 tweets have been retrieved and included in the daily sentiment analysis. The sentiment regarding Pfizer and Moderna vaccines appeared positive and stable throughout the 4 months, with no significant differences in sentiment between the months. In contrast, the sentiment regarding the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine seems to be decreasing over time, with a significant decrease when comparing December with March (p<0.0000000001, mean difference=−0.746, 95% CI=−0.915 to −0.577).ConclusionLexicon-based Twitter sentiment analysis is a valuable and easily implemented tool to track the sentiment regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. It is worrisome that the sentiment regarding the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine appears to be turning negative over time, as this may boost hesitancy rates towards this specific SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Is JUUL marketing to kids on social media? Analysis of JUUL Twitter Followers� Age (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annice Kim ◽  
Robert Chew ◽  
Michael Wenger ◽  
Margaret Cress ◽  
Thomas Bukowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Age Verification ◽  
Age Category

BACKGROUND JUUL is an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) resembling a USB device that has become rapidly popular among youth. Recent studies suggest that social media may be contributing to its popularity. JUUL company claims their products are targeted for adult current smokers but recent surveillance suggests youth may be exposed to JUUL products online. To date, there has been little attention on restricting youth exposure to age restricted products on social media. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to utilize a computational age prediction algorithm to determine the extent to which underage youth are being exposed to JUUL’s marketing practices on Twitter. METHODS We examined all of @JUULvapor’s Twitter followers in April 2018. For followers with a public account, we obtained their metadata and last 200 tweets using the Twitter application programming interface. We ran a series of classification models to predict whether the account following @JUULvapor was an underage youth or an adult. RESULTS Out of 9,077 individuals following @JUULvapor Twitter account, a three-age category model predicted that 44.9% are 13 to 17 years old (N=4,078), 43.6% are 18 to 24 years old (N=3,957), and 11.5% are 25 years old or older (N=1,042); and a two-age category model predicted that 80.6% (N=7,313) are under 21 years old. CONCLUSIONS Despite a disclaimer that followers must be of legal age to purchase tobacco products, the majority of JUUL followers on Twitter are under age. This suggests that ENDS brands and social media networks need to implement more stringent age-verification methods to protect youth from age-restricted content.

scholarly journals Role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040922
Author(s):  
Bethany Villas ◽  
Uira Duarte Wisnesky ◽  
Sandra Campbell ◽  
Lauren Slavik ◽  
Amynah S. Mevawala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Meta Analyses

Review question/objectiveThe purpose of this proposed review is twofold: first, to understand the role of occupational therapy presented in the musicians’ health literature; and second, to explore the potential for this role.IntroductionThe intense movement, awkward postures, concentration and emotional communication required of musicians can place them at increased risk of music-related health conditions, such as musculoskeletal disorders and performance anxiety. The development of music-related health conditions can be emotionally and financially devastating. The role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health has been previously discussed; however, no rigorous reviews of the scholarly literature have been published. We will, therefore, undertake a scoping review with the following research questions: (1) what is known about the role of occupational therapy in instrumental musicians’ health? and (2) what is the potential role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health?Methods and analysisA preliminary search of Medline, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science was previously undertaken by the first author to determine the extent of the research on this topic and to confirm that no other reviews have been conducted or are in progress. Study selection and analysis will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines for conducting a scoping review.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics approval is not required at our institution for a review of published literature. The results of this review will be shared through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and traditional and social media.

Overview of current legislation, experiences and existing scenarios on allowing the sale of tobacco products only in tobacco stores: a scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e402101621884
Author(s):  
Lucas Manoel da Silva Cabral ◽  
Fernando Nagib Jardim ◽  
Maria José Domingues da Silva Giongo ◽  
Andréa Ramalho Reis Cardoso ◽  
Maria Raquel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Science Framework

This article presents the scoping review protocol on allowing the sale of tobacco products only in tobacco stores in Brazil. It is based on the hypothesis that limiting the sale of tobacco products only in tobacco shops would significantly prevent initiation and encourage cessation, thus reducing smoking prevalence and passive smoking in Brazil. The protocol aims to document the processes involved in the planning and methodological approach of an extensive scoping review, guided by Joanna Briggs Institute’s manual. The review protocol was prepared following PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. It was registered in the Open Science Framework.

Irritant-Induced Chronic Cough Triggers: A Scoping Review and Clinical Checklist

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Mary J. Sandage ◽  
Elizabeth S. Ostwalt ◽  
Lauren H. Allison ◽  
Grace M. Cutchin ◽  
Mariah E. Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
International Scope ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Full Text Review

Purpose The primary aim of this review was to identify environmental irritants known to trigger chronic cough through the life span and develop a comprehensive clinically useful irritant checklist. Method A scoping review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews, checklist, and explanation. English-language, full-text resources were identified through Medline, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Results A total of 1,072 sources were retrieved; of these, 109 were duplicates. Titles of abstracts of 963 articles were screened, with 295 selected for full-text review. Using the exclusion and inclusion criteria listed, 236 articles were considered eligible and 214 different triggers were identified. Triggers were identified from North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Occupational exposures were also delineated. Conclusions A clinically useful checklist of both frequently encountered triggers and idiosyncratic or rare triggers was developed. The clinical checklist provides a unique contribution to streamline and standardize clinical assessment of irritant-induced chronic cough. The international scope of this review extends the usefulness of the clinical checklist to clinicians on most continents.

Public perception of COVID-19 vaccines from the digital footprints left on Twitter: analyzing positive, neutral and negative sentiments of Twitterati

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasif Ahmad Mir ◽  
Sevukan Rathinam ◽  
Sumeer Gul
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Reaction ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

PurposeTwitter is gaining popularity as a microblogging and social networking service to discuss various social issues. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and is discussed worldwide. Social media is an instant platform to deliberate various dimensions of COVID-19. The purpose of the study is to explore and analyze the public sentiments related to COVID-19 vaccines across the Twitter messages (positive, neutral, and negative) and the impact tweets make across digital social circles.Design/methodology/approachTo fetch the vaccine-related posts, a manual examination of randomly selected 500 tweets was carried out to identify the popular hashtags relevant to the vaccine conversation. It was found that the hashtags “covid19vaccine” and “coronavirusvaccine” were the two popular hashtags used to discuss the communications related to COVID-19 vaccines. 23,575 global tweets available in public domain were retrieved through “Twitter Application Programming Interface” (API), using “Orange Software”, an open-source machine learning, data visualization and data mining toolkit. The study was confined to the tweets posted in English language only. The default data cleaning and preprocessing techniques available in the “Orange Software” were applied to the dataset, which include “transformation”, “tokenization” and “filtering”. The “Valence Aware Dictionary for sEntiment Reasoning” (VADER) tool was used for classification of tweets to determine the tweet sentiments (positive, neutral and negative) as well as the degree of sentiments (compound score also known as sentiment score). To assess the influence/impact of tweets account wise (verified and unverified) and sentiment wise (positive, neutral, and negative), the retweets and likes, which offer a sort of reward or acknowledgment of tweets, were used.FindingsA gradual decline in the number of tweets over the time is observed. Majority (11,205; 47.52%) of tweets express positive sentiments, followed by neutral (7,948; 33.71%) and negative sentiments (4,422; 18.75%), respectively. The study also signifies a substantial difference between the impact of tweets tweeted by verified and unverified users. The tweets related to verified users have a higher impact both in terms of retweets (65.91%) and likes (84.62%) compared to the tweets tweeted by unverified users. Tweets expressing positive sentiments have the highest impact both in terms of likes (mean = 10.48) and retweets (mean = 3.07) compared to those that express neutral or negative sentiments.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of the study is that the sentiments of the people expressed over one single social platform, that is, Twitter have been studied which cannot generalize the global public perceptions. There can be a variation in the results when the datasets from other social media platforms will be studied.Practical implicationsThe study will help to know the people's sentiments and beliefs toward the COVID-19 vaccines. Sentiments that people hold about the COVID-19 vaccines are studied, which will help health policymakers understand the polarity (positive, negative, and neutral) of the tweets and thus see the public reaction and reflect the types of information people are exposed to about vaccines. The study can aid the health sectors to intensify positive messages and eliminate negative messages for an enhanced vaccination uptake. The research can also help design more operative vaccine-advocating communication by customizing messages using the obtained knowledge from the sentiments and opinions about the vaccines.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on an essential aspect of COVID-19 vaccines and how people express themselves (positively, neutrally and negatively) on Twitter.

scholarly journals Ontology Meter for Twitter Fake Accounts Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 410-419
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jabardi ◽  
◽  
Asaad Hadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Online Fraud ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Consumer Data ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
And Control

One of the most popular social media platforms, Twitter is used by millions of people to share information, broadcast tweets, and follow other users. Twitter is an open application programming interface and thus vulnerable to attack from fake accounts, which are primarily created for advertisement and marketing, defamation of an individual, consumer data acquisition, increase fake blog or website traffic, share disinformation, online fraud, and control. Fake accounts are harmful to both users and service providers, and thus recognizing and filtering out such content on social media is essential. This study presents a new approach to detect fake Twitter accounts using ontology and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules. SWRL rules-based reasoner is utilized under predefined rules to infer whether the profile is trust or fake. This approach achieves a high detection accuracy of 97%. Furthermore, ontology classifier is an interpretable model that offers straightforward and human-interpretable decision rules.

scholarly journals Challenges and facilitators for early career researchers completing systematic or scoping reviews in the health sciences: A Scoping Review Protocol

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Patricia Ayala ◽  
Lindsey Sikora ◽  
Shona Kirtley ◽  
Patrick R. Labelle ◽  
Erica Lenton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Review Cycle

An increasing number of systematic reviews (SysRev) are being published in health sciences and medicine; however, many are poorly conducted or reported.Strategies are needed to help reduce this avoidable waste in research . Systematic reviews can help decision makers interpret the deluge of published biomedical literature. However, a SysRev or scoping review may be of limited use if the methods used to conduct them are flawed, or if reporting is incomplete.At each stage during the systematic or scoping review cycle, different challenges can arise, especially for a novice researcher. All knowledge syntheses, once past the stage of question formulation, begin with the literature search. Librarians are in a strategic position to uncover issues regarding a researcher’slevel of preparedness in conducting these types of studies. From this vantage point, librarians can have a significant impact by teaching researchers about practices to properly report findings, as well as by raising awareness about which methodology might be more appropriate for their research question. Research waste is a growing concern, and librariansare part of the answer in the role they play as advocates for research integrity and transparency. This scoping review would be the first to cover this topic in a comprehensive, structured and methodologically rigorous way. Results would be of interest to librarians, researchers, educators and the wider research community in health sciences and medicine.

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