scholarly journals Lampiran 5B paper An Investigation into the Use of Sand Media Planted with Thypa latifolia in Constructed Wetland Ecotechnology in Removing Organic matter, Suspended Solids and Nutrients from Domestic Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philiphi de Rozari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
West Timor

Deterioration of water quality continues to be a major concern in West Timor. Establishment of wastewater treatment is crucial for eliminating this problem. Constructed wetland (CW) ecotechnologies are an alternative low-cost wastewater treatment to solve wastewater problems in West Timor. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of Thypa latifolia in CWs for the removal of BOD5, suspended solids, NH4-N, and PO4-P. The experimental design consisted of 6 (20 L) vertical flow mesocosms, 3 mesocosms planted with Thypa latifolia and 3 mesocosms as a control. The mesocosms were irrigated with synthetic wastewater for 7 months. The inflow had a 2-day hydraulic retention time. The inflow and outflow samples were monitored for BOD5, suspended solids, NH4-N, and PO4-P. The trend showed that the CWs planted with Thypa latifolia reduced significantly the BOD, suspended solids, and NH4-N. However, the presence of plant did not significantly reduce PO4-P. This indicated that the CWs planted with Thypa latifolia had a better performance in comparison with pure sand media

scholarly journals Lampiran 3B Paper Penurunan Konsentrasi BOD5, COD dan Padatan Tersuspensi pada Air Limbah dengan Menggunakan Teknologi Lahan Basah Buatan (Constructed Wetland)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philiphi de Rozari
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
The Media ◽  
Promising Solution

Constructed wetlands are a promising solution technology to effectively treat domestic wastewater in developing countries at low cost. This paper reports the findings of the effectiveness of sand planted with Thypa latifolia with variation of the length of outflow measured from the bottom of the media in removing BOD5, COD, and suspended solids. The experimental design consisted of 12 vertical flow (VF) mesocosms. There were 3 treatments and one control based on the with variation of the length of outflow measured from the bottom of the media (7, 14, and 21 cm). During the five months, the mesocosms were loaded with syntethic wastewater. The influent had a 2-day hydraulic retention time. Samples were monitored for BOD5, COD and TSS. The results showed the concetration of BOD5, COD and TSS reduced significantly after the wastewater were treated with constructed wetland systems. The trend showed that the constructed wetland systems planted with Thypa latifolia had a better performance in comparison with the control. There were no significant differences of BOD5 COD, and suspended solid outflow among 7, 14 and 21 of constructed wetland systems. This indicated that the length of outflow measured from the bottom of the media did not influence the performance of constructed wetland systems in removing BOD5, COD and TSS

Domestic wastewater treatment by a constructed wetland system planted with rice

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2376-2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwasa Kantawanichkul ◽  
Wanida Duangjaisak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The experiments were conducted in four concrete laboratory scale free water surface constructed wetland units 1 m wide, 1.5 m long and 0.8 m deep. Paddy field soil was added to a depth of 0.4 m and rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) were transplanted into the units at a density of 25 plants/m2. Domestic wastewater collected from Chiang Mai University was applied into each unit via two different modes to evaluate suitable conditions for wastewater treatment and rice yield. In the first experiment, the wastewater was fed intermittently (7 h/day) with a hydraulic loading rate of 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm/day. The maximum removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total kjedahl nitrogen and suspended solids were only 49.1, 58.7, 64.0 and 59.4%, respectively, due to the short hydraulic retention time for the biodegradation of organic substances. In the second experiment, the wastewater in each unit was inundated to a depth of 15 cm for 10, 15, 20 and 25 days in each unit and then drained and re-flooded. Removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total kjedahl nitrogen and suspended solids were greater than in the first experiment especially at the 25 day retention time and except for suspended solids met the Thai national effluent standard. The study revealed that apart from wastewater treatment, wastewater can replace natural water to grow rice in the dry season or throughout the year. Moreover, nutrients in wastewater can be a substitute for chemical fertilizers. Rice grain production was 4,700 kg/ha and only 6% less than the production from the conventional paddy field.

Design and configuration criteria for wetland systems treating greywater

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 2001-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Paulo ◽  
L. Begosso ◽  
N. Pansonato ◽  
Roshan R. Shrestha ◽  
M. A. Boncz
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Intermittent Feeding ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Design and configuration for wetlands treating greywater are usually based on literature data obtained from domestic wastewater operating wetlands. It is very important to determine proper criteria for design and configuration to provide efficiency and minimum maintenance, avoiding bad odour and clogging amongst others, ensuring the acceptance of householders. The aim of this work was to design a wetland system treating greywater for a household and determine whether the chosen criteria were appropriate. Some of the criteria taken into consideration for design and configuration were: quantitative and qualitative characteristics, desired removal of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (TSS), substrate and ornamental aspect of the system. The system was composed of a grease trap (kitchen), sedimentation tank, a horizontal flow constructed wetland (HF-CW), intermittent feeding system, and a vertical flow constructed wetland (VF-CW). The results showed that the suggested design and configuration were in accordance with the expected efficiency. Being a compact system, it was susceptible to peak flows, temporarily deteriorating the performance of the HF-CW. The hybrid system, however, showed to cope well with influent fluctuations. The overall performance of the system shows that the removal of turbidity, TSS, COD and BOD were over 88%, reaching 95% removal for both BOD and turbidity.

Baffled Septic Tank with Anaerobic Filter (BASTAF) and Vertical Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland for Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Vietnam

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viet-Anh Nguyen ◽  
Antoine Morel ◽  
Karin Tonderski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
Natural Treatment

The decentralized wastewater management utilizing existing infrastructure and low-cost natural treatment processes has a large potential in Vietnam. Centralized wastewater collection and treatment systems are often not affordable. Currently the septic tank is the most common on-site wastewater treatment facility in Vietnam. Nevertheless it has a limited treatment performance. The Improved Septic Tank, also known as Baffled Septic Tank with or without Anaerobic Filter (BASTAF or BAST) represents a valuable and promising alternative to the conventional septic tank. Results of laboratory- and pilot-scale research on BAST and BASTAF systems show that at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days the 3-chamber BAST followed by Anaerobic Filter significantly increased the removal efficiencies in terms of BOD, COD and TSS in comparison with a conventional septic tank of the same size. Average treatment efficiencies of 80–90% in terms of BOD, COD and TSS can be achieved. Another component of the study showed that post-treatment of BASTAF effluent in a 2-stage vertical flow constructed wetland (CW) planted with locally available macrophytes allowed the achievement of level A, Vietnamese standard for wastewater discharge in terms of COD, BOD5, TSS, TN, NH4-N and T-P. Results of this study are now being implemented in different provinces inVietnam.

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