scholarly journals South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty of Rarotonga As The Response of South Asia Pacific Region on Nuclear Weapon Test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardi Alunaza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nuclear Weapon ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The South ◽  
The World

In the 21st century South Asia Pacific region will have great attention from the world. Geographical, social, economic and political in the South Pacific region influence on how the leaders of island nations take a stand on global issues, especially the issues that threaten their existence as sovereign states. This paper tries to explain how the efforts made by the leaders in the South Pacific is more focused on issues of non-traditional security, especially the efforts to minimize the impact caused by nuclear radiation, as a result of nuclear weapon test conducted by countries like the United States and France. With the concept of Balance of Power, this paper attempts to review on how the small countries in the South Pacific region established alliances as a form of rejection of nuclear weapon testing in the South Pacific as well as on how effective their efforts to build the South Pacific region as one of the nuclear free zones in the world.The rejection of the South Pacific community against all forms of nuclear testing mainly carried out by the United States, British and also France is not as a kind of effort which is further than the balance of power. However, it is more closely referred as a political means to demonstrate their existence to the world, that they are parts of the world's population who have right that deserves to be rewarded and aligned with the rest of the world. Principally, there are three effects due to radiation which can directly affect to the human body: 1). The cells will die, 2). the multiplication of the cells that can eventually lead to cancer cells, and 3). The damage can occur in the egg or testis which will trigger the process of deformed babies in the womb.

Automotive Industry: Crisis and Innovations

2011 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
V. Kondrat’ev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ford Motor Company ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

Banking and financial collapse of late 2008 extremely heavily hit the automotive industry in most countries. In 2009, the production of cars in the world dropped to 57 million units compared to 68 million in 2007. At the same time, recent statistics show that the industry is rapidly recovering from the worst crisis in its history. In the 1st quarter of 2010 car production in the world increased by 57% compared to the same period of 2009. In China, Canada, Mexico and Great Britain it increased by more than 70%. Volkswagen, Ford Motor Company and FIAT announced major investment plans, particularly in China and Latin America. Accordingly, it is expected that in 2010 the global car production will grow to 70 million units, and to 88 million by 2016, 40% of all sales will be in the Asia-Pacific region. Reduction of the automotive industry in Russia turned out to be deeper than anywhere else – 49% in 2009 against the previous year's level. For comparison: in the United States reduction amounted to 21%, in Spain – to18, in Japan – to10, in the UK – to 6.4, in Italy – to 0.2; while in China the production grew by 44%. Nevertheless, the Russian automotive industry is also showing signs of recovery, primarily because of the governmental program of recycling old cars.

scholarly journals CHINA DIGITAL AS COUNTERWEIGHT ASIA-PACIFIC CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
Bayu Altair
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Digital China

China's digital transformation has been made China's digital economic capabilities awake sharply. The digitalization of China is determined by several factors which are based on the current globalization. The Chinese government also plays an active role in accelerating the domestic digital transition process and core in way of intensive cooperation with countries in the Asia Pacific region. Changes in Chinese orientation using a digital approach create anxiety for the United States of America with the emergence of the China axis in the region. The framework of the article uses the concept of digitalization to describe the process of digital transformation in China, then Neo-liberalism theory of Robert Keohane & Joseph Nye to explain the pattern of China's cooperation with the region and the Balance of Power as the middle-range theory to emphasize the emergence of China's digital axis in Asia-Pacific. Using descriptive qualitative methods and collecting literature study data, this article emphasizes the analysis of the magnitude effect of digitizing China as a new axis in the Asia Pacific region as competitors in the United States and Australia. The digitalization and intensification of cooperation believed to be the main variable in balancing the political economy axis at the regional level. Keywords: China Digital, Cooperation, Digital Economic Capability Abstrak Transformasi digital China telah membuat kapabilitas ekonomi China meningkat tajam. Digitalisasi China dideterminasi oleh beberapa faktor yang didasari oleh adanya arus globalisasi. Pemerintah China juga berperan aktif mempercepat proses transisi digital domestik serta menjadi kunci jalannya kerjasama kerjasama intensif dengan negara dikawasan Asia Pasifik Perubahan orientasi China menggunakan pendekatan digital menciptakan kekhawatiran bagi Amerika Serikat akan munculnya poros China dikawasan. Kerangka pemikiran artikel menggunakan konsep Digitalisasi untuk menggambarkan proses transformasi digital di China, teori Neoliberalisme versi Robert Keohanne & Joseph Nye untuk menjelaskan pola kerjasama China dengan negara dikawasan dan teori Balance of Power sebagai middle-range teori untuk menekankan kemunculan poros digital China di Asia-Pasific. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan pengumpulan data studi literatur, artikel ini menekankan pada analisis besarnya pengaruh digitalisasi China sebagai poros baru dikawasan Asia Pasifik sebagai kompetitor Amerika Serikat dan Australia. Digitalisasi dan intensifikasi kerjasama diyakini menjadi variabel utama penyeimbang poros ekonomi politik dilevel regional. Kata Kunci: Digital China, Kerjasama, Kapabilitas Digital Ekonomi

scholarly journals The Rise of Sino-Russian Order? Mapping China's and Russia's Geo-Economic Capabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Radityo Dharmaputra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Conflict And Cooperation ◽  
The World ◽  
Probability Of Success ◽  
Emerging Powers

There is a growing debate about the emerging powers of China and Russia and the possibility of the two countries to balance the hegemony of United States in the world order. Based on the proposed geo-economical approach, I analyse the growing dynamics of China and Russia and compare the strengths and weaknesses of each countries’ style of economic development. After analysing the strengths and weaknesses of both countries, I elaborate the possibility of conflict and cooperation between them. I argue about the probability of success and failure in the both countries’ aspiration to balance the domination of United States. These dynamics, whether ending in challenging the U.S. hegemony or not, is likely to generate concerns, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, I also elaborate the possible complications in the regions regarding the both countries’ quest for power. In the end, I try to argue about the position of China and Russia related to the relative position of the United States, especially in the Asia-Pacific region.

The United States and the Asia-Pacific Region: Security Strategy for the Obama Administration

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph A. Cossa ◽  
Brad Glosserman ◽  
Michael A. McDevitt ◽  
Nirav Patel ◽  
James Przystup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
Obama Administration

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF ARCTIC LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS SUPPLIESTO THE ASIAN-PACIFIC REGION COUNTRIES UNDER THE END OF THE “TRADE WAR” BETWEEN THE USA AND CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2/2020) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
M. V. Ulchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region

Currently, the Asia-Pacific market is a priority goal for almost all major producers of liquefied natural gas(LNG). This is due to the relatively high price that local consumers are willing to pay, as well as the accelerated growth rate of natural gas consumption. At the same time, China is the main driver of growth in demand for LNGin the world, has concluded a trade agreement with the United States, which involves the purchase of energy resources worth more than $ 52 billion over two years. Given the decline in LNG prices, as well as increased competition, the issue of the prospects for sales of Russian Arctic gas on the market of the Asia-Pacific region becomes particularly relevant.The study provides a generalized assessment of the needs of the main importers of LNG ––China, South Korea and Japan, with a planning horizon of 4–5 years. The relatively high growth rates of the economy, partial rejection of nuclear energy, struggle to improve the environmental situation, as well as the desire to diversify supply routes explain the needs of the countries in the Asia-Pacific region for additional volumes of LNGin the near future. The analysis showed that both Japan and South Korea are interested in increasing the volume of imports of Russian arctic LNG, whose key advantages over most competitors are the price and relative proximity of sales markets. At the same time, the reduction in the number of operating gas drilling rigs in the United States indicates that it will not be possible to maintain the growth rate of LNG production at the level of 2018 and 2019.

China’s Relations with the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-232
Author(s):  
Robert Sutter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Government

This chapter reviews Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and People’s Republic of China (PRC) interactions with the United States since the 1940s, and it reveals a general pattern of the United States at the very top of China’s foreign priorities. Among those few instances where China seemed to give less attention to the United States was the post-2010 period, which saw an ever more powerful China advancing at US expense. However, China’s rapid advance in economic, military, and diplomatic power has progressively alarmed the US government, which now sees China as its main international danger. Looking forward into the future, deteriorating US-China relations have enormous consequences for both countries, the Asia-Pacific region, and the world.

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