Dispositional negativity in the wild: Social environment governs momentary emotional experience

Dispositional negativity—the tendency to experience more frequent or intense negative emotions—is a fundamental dimension of temperament and personality. Elevated levels of dispositional negativity have profound consequences for public health and wealth, drawing the attention of researchers, clinicians, and policy makers. Yet, relatively little is known about the factors that govern the momentary expression of dispositional negativity in the real world. Here, we used smart phone-based experience-sampling to demonstrate that the social environment plays a central role in shaping the moment-by-moment emotional experience of 127 young adults selectively recruited to represent a broad spectrum of dispositional negativity. Results indicate that individuals with a more negative disposition derive much larger emotional benefits from the company of close companions—friends, romantic partners, and family members—and that these benefits reflect heightened feelings of social connection and acceptance. These results set the stage for developing improved interventions and provide new insights into the interaction of emotional traits and situations in the real world, close to clinically and practically important endpoints.

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Social context and the real-world consequences of social anxiety

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291719002022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (12) ◽

pp. 1989-2000 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juyoen Hur ◽

Kathryn A. DeYoung ◽

Samiha Islam ◽

Allegra S. Anderson ◽

Matthew G. Barstead ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Real World ◽

Emotional Experience ◽

Romantic Partners ◽

Social Contexts ◽

Socially Anxious ◽

Daily Lives ◽

The Real ◽

Ecological Momentary

AbstractBackgroundSocial anxiety lies on a continuum, and young adults with elevated symptoms are at risk for developing a range of psychiatric disorders. Yet relatively little is known about the factors that govern the hour-by-hour experience and expression of social anxiety in the real world.MethodsHere we used smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to intensively sample emotional experience across different social contexts in the daily lives of 228 young adults selectively recruited to represent a broad spectrum of social anxiety symptoms.ResultsLeveraging data from over 11 000 real-world assessments, our results highlight the central role of close friends, family members, and romantic partners. The presence of such close companions was associated with enhanced mood, yet socially anxious individuals had fewer confidants and spent less time with the close companions that they do have. Although higher levels of social anxiety were associated with a general worsening of mood, socially anxious individuals appear to derive larger benefits – lower levels of negative affect, anxiety, and depression – from their close companions. In contrast, variation in social anxiety was unrelated to the amount of time spent with strangers, co-workers, and acquaintances; and we uncovered no evidence of emotional hypersensitivity to these less-familiar individuals.ConclusionsThese findings provide a framework for understanding the deleterious consequences of social anxiety in emerging adulthood and set the stage for developing improved intervention strategies.

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Supplemental Material for Dispositional Negativity in the Wild: Social Environment Governs Momentary Emotional Experience

Emotion ◽

10.1037/emo0000339.supp ◽

2017 ◽

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Emotional Experience ◽

In The Wild

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Just My Imagination: Beauty premium and the evolved mental model

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x16000583 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

Author(s):

Ryo Oda

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Human Behavior ◽

Real World ◽

Mental Model ◽

Human Mind ◽

The Real ◽

Beauty Premium ◽

Human Capacity

AbstractImagination, an important feature of the human mind, may be at the root of the beauty premium. The evolved human capacity for simulating the real world, developed as an adaptation to a complex social environment, may offer the key to understanding this and many other aspects of human behavior.

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The ontogeny of a mammalian cognitive map in the real world

Science ◽

10.1126/science.aay3354 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 369 (6500) ◽

pp. 194-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lee Harten ◽

Amitay Katz ◽

Aya Goldshtein ◽

Michal Handel ◽

Yossi Yovel

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Large Scale ◽

Cognitive Maps ◽

Cognitive Map ◽

Interindividual Differences ◽

The Real ◽

Fruit Bat ◽

Wild Fruit ◽

In The Wild

How animals navigate over large-scale environments remains a riddle. Specifically, it is debated whether animals have cognitive maps. The hallmark of map-based navigation is the ability to perform shortcuts, i.e., to move in direct but novel routes. When tracking an animal in the wild, it is extremely difficult to determine whether a movement is truly novel because the animal’s past movement is unknown. We overcame this difficulty by continuously tracking wild fruit bat pups from their very first flight outdoors and over the first months of their lives. Bats performed truly original shortcuts, supporting the hypothesis that they can perform large-scale map-based navigation. We documented how young pups developed their visual-based map, exemplifying the importance of exploration and demonstrating interindividual differences.

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MARM: Mobile Augmented Reality Map Based on Wireless GIS

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.2014 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 756-759 ◽

pp. 2014-2018

Author(s):

Lei Kai ◽

Ning Rui ◽

Wen Min Wang ◽

Qiang Ma

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Geographic Information System ◽

Augmented Reality ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Real World ◽

Smart Phone ◽

Video Camera ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Mobile Augmented Reality ◽

The Real

This paper presents the design and development of a Mobile Augmented Reality Map (MARM) which shows map information on the real world video rather than a plane. The proposed system uses wireless Geographic Information System (GIS), and video camera and gyroscope of a smart phone. MARM has the advantage of GIS and the convenience of mobile phones, and is an extremely intuitive way to use map.

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Linking academia and the ‘real world’ in International Relations

10.33178/lc2019.31 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Cottey ◽

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Real World ◽

International Organisations ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Skill Sets ◽

The Real ◽

Work Placement ◽

The World ◽

The One ◽

The Right

This talk will reflect on the challenges of linking academic programmes and teaching, on the one hand, with the policy-makers and practitioners, on the other, with particular reference to the discipline of international relations (which focuses on relations between states, international organisations and global political and socio-economic dynamics). The talk will draw on experience from University College Cork’s Department of Government and Politics, which has an extensive, market-leading work placement programme, and from UCC’s MSc International Public Policy and Diplomacy, which is a new model of international relations masters seeking to bridge academia and the world of policy. Our experience shows that it is possible to link academia and the world of policy and practitioners, but that it is not easy, even in an apparently very policy-oriented discipline, and that it involves significant challenges. The talk will highlight a number of challenges involved in linking the academic study of international relations with the ‘real world’ of international politics: bridging academia and policy/practitioners is not easy in the disciplines of political science and international relations – the two have different needs and, often, different languages; the development and maintenance of work placements and other elements of engagement with policymakers and practitioners involves very significant workload and needs to be properly supported in terms of staffing and infrastructure; and in politics and international relations, the skill sets which policy-makers and practitioners need often differ from those that universities normally provide. Finding the ‘right’ balance between academic disciplinary requirements/standards and the needs of employers is a difficult task.

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On the Applicability of Machine Learning Fairness Notions

ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter ◽

10.1145/3468507.3468511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 14-23

Author(s):

Karima Makhlouf ◽

Sami Zhioua ◽

Catuscia Palamidessi

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Real World ◽

Child Custody ◽

College Admission ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Real ◽

Important Requirement

Machine Learning (ML) based predictive systems are increasingly used to support decisions with a critical impact on individuals' lives such as college admission, job hiring, child custody, criminal risk assessment, etc. As a result, fairness emerged as an important requirement to guarantee that ML predictive systems do not discriminate against specific individuals or entire sub-populations, in particular, minorities. Given the inherent subjectivity of viewing the concept of fairness, several notions of fairness have been introduced in the literature. This paper is a survey of fairness notions that, unlike other surveys in the literature, addresses the question of "which notion of fairness is most suited to a given real-world scenario and why?". Our attempt to answer this question consists in (1) identifying the set of fairness-related characteristics of the real-world scenario at hand, (2) analyzing the behavior of each fairness notion, and then (3) fitting these two elements to recommend the most suitable fairness notion in every specific setup. The results are summarized in a decision diagram that can be used by practitioners and policy makers to navigate the relatively large catalogue of ML fairness notions.

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What are Phases of Cyberbullying Victim’s Feelings?

10.47363/jeast/2020(2)107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Nadine Touzeau ◽

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Real World ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Behavioral Differences ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

The Real ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Harm To Others ◽

The Moment ◽

The Impact

In 2003, one of Canada’s neighbours stood up to talk about cyberbullying for the first time. Bill Belsey defined it as follows: “Cyberbullying is the use of information and communication technologies to deliberately, repeatedly and aggressively engage in behaviour towards individuals or a group with the intent to cause harm to others [1]. Cyberbullying cannot be compared to harassment in the real world, as discussed in one of my scientific publications [2]. The method, the impacts and the propagations are different than in the real world. In fact, the impact on the victim is also different. She does not feel the same reproaches, criticisms, insults, as in the virtual world and does not experience them in the same way. In fact, the emotional cycle from the moment of receiving the insult to reparation or resignation is different. This is what I have found when working on several cases of cyberbullying victims and their predators. I name this theory: “Phases of Cyberbullying Victim’s Feelings” In fact, the emotional cycle from the moment of receiving the insult to reparation or resignation is different. This is what I have found when working on several cases of cyberbullying victims and their predators. I name this theory: “Phases of Cyberbullying Victim’s Feelings” It is the fifth in my family of theories on Behavioral Differences between the real and the virtual [3]. “Avatarization”, “Transversal Zone”, “Virtual Intelligence” and “Modus Operandi in the virtual” as well as my books on net-profiling [4]. Understanding these emotional phases of the cyberbullying victim allows to better apprehend the said victim and prevent him from committing suicide, but also to prevent the cybercriminal. The victim will also feel better considered.

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A Study of Construing the Experience of Rage in English and Vietnamese Novels from Functional Grammar Perspective

Tập chí Khoa học Xã hội và Nhân văn ◽

10.33100/jossh5.2.nguyenthitutrinh ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 225-240

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Emotional Experience ◽

Human Life ◽

Human Experience ◽

Functional Grammar ◽

The Real ◽

Common Experience ◽

Functional Realization ◽

Human Emotions

Among basic human emotions, rage or anger is probably the most common experience of human life in the real world. The aims of this paper are twofold: to explore how rage as a part of daily human experience is construed in English and Vietnamese novels within the framework of functional grammar elaborated by Halliday and Matthiessen (2014) and to compare functional realization of rage in the two languages on lexico-grammar and ideational metafunction ground. In other words, based primarily on the collected data of 15 English and Vietnamese novels, this study focuses on analyzing how the lexico-grammatical resources constitute emotional experience of rage congruently and metaphorically in English and Vietnamese. Received 13th August 2018; Revised 17th January 2019; Accepted 15th April 2019

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